1.2 Contact details of resource persons and institutions involved in the assessment and documentation of the Approach

Name of the institution(s) which facilitated the documentation/ evaluation of the Approach (if relevant)

Water & Soil Conservation Office of Zhaoan County (Water & Soil Conservation Office of Zhaoan County) - China

1.3 Conditions regarding the use of data documented through WOCAT

The compiler and key resource person(s) accept the conditions regarding the use of data documented through WOCAT:

Ja

1.4 Reference(s) to Questionnaire(s) on SLM Technologies

2.1 Short description of the Approach

Interplanting plum, peach and other fruit trees in longan orchard on level terraces in order to prevent soil and water loss and improve production of the fruit trees.

2.2 Detailed description of the Approach

Detailed description of the Approach:

The objectives of the approach is to interplant fruit trees in orchard so as to prevent water loss and soil erosion. The specific targets are to build the slope land in the hilly and mountain areas into terraces and plant trees in order to improve surface vegetation cover rate and reduce water and soil loss; to harvest surplus rainfall in the raining season and irrigate the fruit trees in dry seasons. To implement the project, local government gave financial support and SWC specialists gave technologically guide to local land users.

2.3 Photos of the Approach

2.5 Country/ region/ locations where the Approach has been applied

2.6 Dates of initiation and termination of the Approach

2.7 Type of Approach

• project/ programme based

2.8 Main aims/ objectives of the Approach

The main aims are to lead the land users to develop waste mountain areas and plant fruit trees in order to add farmers' income. The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: To strengthen the management in the area of serious water loss and soil erosion, consummate the SWC measures and mobilize enthusiasm of the land users in SWC.

2.9 Conditions enabling or hindering implementation of the Technology/ Technologies applied under the Approach

3.1 Stakeholders involved in the Approach and their roles

3.2 Involvement of local land users/ local communities in the different phases of the Approach

	Involvement of local land users/ local communities	Specify who was involved and describe activities
initiation/ motivation	external support	Public meetings; Convening the public meeting for the delegates and cadres in the village committees.
planning	interactive	Public meetings; Consulting the concrete imbursement of the measures from governments and dividing the lands to plant.
implementation	self-mobilization	Responsibility for major steps; Taking a lot of time to level off lands, build and repair terraces as well as improve soil fertility.
monitoring/ evaluation	interactive	Mainly: Reporting; partly: Interviews/questionnaires; Land users report the results for higher-up administrative sections and exchange experience as well as popularize good method.
Research	interactive	on-station; Mainly investigating the effects of the SWC, studying good methods from others.

3.3 Flow chart (if available)

3.4 Decision-making on the selection of SLM Technology/ Technologies

Explain:

According to the mass's request of developing market economy, which also can enhance the water & soil conservation.
Decisions on the method of implementing the SLM Technology were made by mainly by land users supported by SLM specialists. The administration sections popularize the technique by establishing small trial and demonstration areas.

4.1 Capacity building/ training

Was training provided to land users/ other stakeholders?

Ja

Specify who was trained:

• land users

• Extensionists/trainers (2), SWC specialists (1)

Form of training:

• demonstration areas
• courses

Form of training:

• Farm visits

Subjects covered:

How to fertilize and manage fruit trees.

4.2 Advisory service

Do land users have access to an advisory service?

Ja

Specify whether advisory service is provided:

• on land users' fields

Describe/ comments:

Name of method used for advisory service: Interplanting in orchard; Key elements: interplanting, fruit trees, management; 1) Extension staff: Mainly government employees 2) Target groups for extension: Land users; Activities: Carrying out technic training
Advisory service is quite adequate to ensure the continuation of land conservation activities; Mainly inducting the land users to plantation according to market needs so as to maintain the development of agricultural economy. Some aspects have to be improved.

4.3 Institution strengthening (organizational development)

Have institutions been established or strengthened through the Approach?

• yes, greatly

Specify the level(s) at which institutions have been strengthened or established:

• local

Specify type of support:

• capacity building/ training
• equipment

4.4 Monitoring and evaluation

Is monitoring and evaluation part of the Approach?

Ja

Comments:

bio-physical aspects were ad hoc monitored through measurements
technical aspects were regular monitored through measurements
socio-cultural aspects were ad hoc monitored through observations
economic / production aspects were ad hoc monitored through measurements
area treated aspects were regular monitored through measurements
land users involved aspects were ad hoc monitored through observations
management of Approach aspects were regular monitored through observations
There were few changes in the Approach as a result of monitoring and evaluation: From the observation and evaluation, the shortcoming could be found and remedied.

4.5 Research

Was research part of the Approach?

Ja

Specify topics:

• ecology

Give further details and indicate who did the research:

Research was carried out on-farm

5.1 Annual budget for the SLM component of the Approach

If precise annual budget is not known, indicate range:

• 10,000-100,000

Comments (e.g. main sources of funding/ major donors):

Approach costs were met by the following donors: government (national - state): 80.0%; other (land users): 20.0%

5.2 Financial/ material support provided to land users

Did land users receive financial/ material support for implementing the Technology/ Technologies?

Ja

5.3 Subsidies for specific inputs (including labour)

• equipment

• agricultural

• infrastructure

If labour by land users was a substantial input, was it:

• voluntary

Comments:

Main input in labor, paid in cash.

5.4 Credit

Was credit provided under the Approach for SLM activities?

Ja

Specify conditions (interest rate, payback, etc.):

Interest rate charged: 0.74%, Interest was lower than market rate.

Specify credit receivers:

The rich easily obtain credit.

6.1 Impacts of the Approach

6.3 Sustainability of Approach activities

Can the land users sustain what has been implemented through the Approach (without external support)?

• yes

6.4 Strengths/ advantages of the Approach

Strengths/ advantages/ opportunities in the land user’s view
Increasing fruit tree yield and income (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Collecting information and planting the species that market need.)

Strengths/ advantages/ opportunities in the compiler’s or other key resource person’s view
Increasing farmers' income and improving the locals living standard. (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Enlarging planting areas.)
Developing the waste mountain and hilly areas and recovering environment. (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Scientifically planning and implementing.)
Enhance of land users' SWC consciousness. (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Training and demonstration.)

6.5 Weaknesses/ disadvantages of the Approach and ways of overcoming them

Weaknesses/ disadvantages/ risks in the compiler’s or other key resource person’s view	How can they be overcome?
Much more input at the beginning.	Subsidy.

7.1 Methods/ sources of information