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Technologies
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Ferias comunitarias campesinas como alternativa de comercialización para la mejora en la rentabilidad y mantenimiento de la actividad productiva tradicional. [Argentina]

technologies_1743 - Argentina

Completeness: 76%

1. General information

1.2 Contact details of resource persons and institutions involved in the assessment and documentation of the Technology

Key resource person(s)

SLM specialist:

Argentina

Name of project which facilitated the documentation/ evaluation of the Technology (if relevant)
Sistematización de prácticas de conservación de suelos y aguas para la adaptación al cambio climático (FAO)

1.3 Conditions regarding the use of data documented through WOCAT

When were the data compiled (in the field)?

20/06/2013

The compiler and key resource person(s) accept the conditions regarding the use of data documented through WOCAT:

Ja

1.4 Declaration on sustainability of the described Technology

Is the Technology described here problematic with regard to land degradation, so that it cannot be declared a sustainable land management technology?

Nee

2. Description of the SLM Technology

2.1 Short description of the Technology

Definition of the Technology:

Ferias comunitarias campesinas como alternativa de comercialización para la mejora en la rentabilidad y mantenimiento de la actividad productiva tradicional.

2.3 Photos of the Technology

2.5 Country/ region/ locations where the Technology has been applied and which are covered by this assessment

Country:

Argentina

Region/ State/ Province:

Jujuy/Huamahuaca

2.6 Date of implementation

If precise year is not known, indicate approximate date:
  • less than 10 years ago (recently)

2.7 Introduction of the Technology

Specify how the Technology was introduced:
  • through land users' innovation

3. Classification of the SLM Technology

3.1 Main purpose(s) of the Technology

  • improve production

3.2 Current land use type(s) where the Technology is applied

Cropland

Cropland

  • Annual cropping
Mixed (crops/ grazing/ trees), incl. agroforestry

Mixed (crops/ grazing/ trees), incl. agroforestry

  • Agroforestry
Comments:

Major land use problems (compiler’s opinion): Las comunidades quebradeñas (andinas) quedaron inmersas en la sociedad mayor en una situación de inequidad y posición de inferioridad, esto ha llevado a que las mismas tomen al Estado como un ser benefactor. Entre las implicancias que ello tiene, están la actitud pasiva hacia situaciones interprediales, como lo es la administración y gestión del agua para riego. Esto tiene un impacto en la infraestructura, entre ellas, las de riego poco eficientes para el aprovechamiento del agua, con la consecuente y frecuente exposición de los productores a períodos de no disponibilidad de agua, a la pérdida de los cultivos, al abandono de algunas actividades productivas, al deterioro de las parcelas y pérdida de fertilidad de los suelos, merma en la disponibilidad de alimentos complementarios para los rebaños, sobrepastoreo de praderas comunitarias, baja capacidad para la generación de trabajo y alimentación y por último migración de los jóvenes a zonas marginales de los centros poblados en busca de alternativas.

3.3 Further information about land use

Water supply for the land on which the Technology is applied:
  • full irrigation
Comments:

Water supply: sólo riego, de secano

Livestock density (if relevant):

> 100 LU /km2

3.5 Spread of the Technology

Comments:

Total area covered by the SLM Technology is 0.09 m2.

Entre 8 y 10 hectáreas.

3.6 SLM measures comprising the Technology

management measures

management measures

3.7 Main types of land degradation addressed by the Technology

soil erosion by wind

soil erosion by wind

  • Et: loss of topsoil
chemical soil deterioration

chemical soil deterioration

  • Cn: fertility decline and reduced organic matter content (not caused by erosion)
biological degradation

biological degradation

  • Bc: reduction of vegetation cover
  • Bl: loss of soil life
Comments:

Main causes of degradation: manejo de los cultivos (anuales, perennes, árboles/arbustos) (Cultivos en lugares inadecuados o suelos vulnerables.), sobrepastoreo (Número excesivo de cabezas de ganado.), Iluvias fuertes/muy fuertes (intensidad/cantidad), educación, acceso al conocimiento y servicios de apoyo, guerras y conflictos

3.8 Prevention, reduction, or restoration of land degradation

Specify the goal of the Technology with regard to land degradation:
  • reduce land degradation
Comments:

Main goals: mitigation / reduction of land degradation

Secondary goals: prevention of land degradation, rehabilitation / reclamation of denuded land

4. Technical specifications, implementation activities, inputs, and costs

4.1 Technical drawing of the Technology

Author:

Mario Bonillo.

4.2 Technical specifications/ explanations of technical drawing

Diagrama de prinicipales actividades durante el transcurso del proyecto.

Location: Ocumazo Quebrada de Humahuaca.. Jujuy.

Date: Junio/20/2013.

Technical knowledge required for field staff / advisors: alto

Technical knowledge required for land users: alto

Main technical functions: mejoramiento de la cobertura del suelo, aumento de la materia orgánica, incremento de la disponibilidad de nutrientes (abastecimiento, reciclado,…), promoción de especies y variedades vegetales, arreglo espacial diversificación del uso de la tierra

Layout change according to natural and human environment: Recuperación de las estrategias comunitarias tradicionales para la gestión y apovechamiento de los recursos naturales.

4.3 General information regarding the calculation of inputs and costs

other/ national currency (specify):

Peso Argentino

Indicate exchange rate from USD to local currency (if relevant): 1 USD =:

5.6

4.4 Establishment activities

Activity Type of measure Timing
1. Talleres de empoderamiento y desarrollo de organizaciones comunitarias para la gestión de recursos naturales. Management 6 meses
2. Desarrollo de alternativas de comercialización en forma participativa. Management 12 meses

4.5 Costs and inputs needed for establishment

Specify input Unit Quantity Costs per Unit Total costs per input % of costs borne by land users
Other None 1.0 2000.0 2000.0 100.0
Total costs for establishment of the Technology 2000.0

4.6 Maintenance/ recurrent activities

Activity Type of measure Timing/ frequency
1. Autogestión anual de la feria. Management Cosecha/época de cultivo

4.7 Costs and inputs needed for maintenance/ recurrent activities (per year)

Specify input Unit Quantity Costs per Unit Total costs per input % of costs borne by land users
Equipment None 1.0 1500.0 1500.0 100.0
Total costs for maintenance of the Technology 1500.0
Comments:

Costos fueron calculados al año 2013.

4.8 Most important factors affecting the costs

Describe the most determinate factors affecting the costs:

Costos se asociaron a actividades para potenciar el empoderamiento y desarrollo de organizaciones comunitarias para la gestión de recursos ntaurales, y actividades comunitarias de mantenimiento de sistemas de riego. En total, los costos fueron de USD 2000 para talleres y se estima un costo de mantenimiento anual de USD 1500.

5. Natural and human environment

5.1 Climate

Annual rainfall
  • < 250 mm
  • 251-500 mm
  • 501-750 mm
  • 751-1,000 mm
  • 1,001-1,500 mm
  • 1,501-2,000 mm
  • 2,001-3,000 mm
  • 3,001-4,000 mm
  • > 4,000 mm
Agro-climatic zone
  • semi-arid

Thermal climate class: temperate. Mediterráneo: al menos un mes con temperatura media mensual inferior a 5° C y cuatro meses o más superiores a 10° C.

5.2 Topography

Slopes on average:
  • flat (0-2%)
  • gentle (3-5%)
  • moderate (6-10%)
  • rolling (11-15%)
  • hilly (16-30%)
  • steep (31-60%)
  • very steep (>60%)
Landforms:
  • plateau/plains
  • ridges
  • mountain slopes
  • hill slopes
  • footslopes
  • valley floors
Altitudinal zone:
  • 0-100 m a.s.l.
  • 101-500 m a.s.l.
  • 501-1,000 m a.s.l.
  • 1,001-1,500 m a.s.l.
  • 1,501-2,000 m a.s.l.
  • 2,001-2,500 m a.s.l.
  • 2,501-3,000 m a.s.l.
  • 3,001-4,000 m a.s.l.
  • > 4,000 m a.s.l.
Comments and further specifications on topography:

Landforms: plateau / plains, mountain slopes, valley floors

5.3 Soils

Soil depth on average:
  • very shallow (0-20 cm)
  • shallow (21-50 cm)
  • moderately deep (51-80 cm)
  • deep (81-120 cm)
  • very deep (> 120 cm)
Soil texture (topsoil):
  • coarse/ light (sandy)
Topsoil organic matter:
  • low (<1%)

5.4 Water availability and quality

Ground water table:

> 50 m

Availability of surface water:

medium

Water quality (untreated):

for agricultural use only (irrigation)

Comments and further specifications on water quality and quantity:

Water quality (untreated): good drinking water, for agricultural use only (irrigation)

5.6 Characteristics of land users applying the Technology

Market orientation of production system:
  • mixed (subsistence/ commercial
Individuals or groups:
  • groups/ community
Indicate other relevant characteristics of the land users:

Difference in the involvement of women and men: Agricultores familiares, descendientes de pueblos originarios, con superficie para agricultura no mayor de 0,5 ha y no más de 30 ovejas por familia. Las ovejas pastorean en predios comunitarios (sin título de propiedad, muchos de ellos terrenos fiscales) y en los rastrojos de cada familia luego de las cosechas. Las tenencias de las parcelas agrícolas son irregulares en muchos casos sólo acuerdos familiares son la resolución formal (juicios sucesorios inconclusos).

Population density: < 10 persons/km2

5.7 Average area of land owned or leased by land users applying the Technology

  • < 0.5 ha
  • 0.5-1 ha
  • 1-2 ha
  • 2-5 ha
  • 5-15 ha
  • 15-50 ha
  • 50-100 ha
  • 100-500 ha
  • 500-1,000 ha
  • 1,000-10,000 ha
  • > 10,000 ha
Is this considered small-, medium- or large-scale (referring to local context)?
  • small-scale

5.8 Land ownership, land use rights, and water use rights

Land ownership:
  • state
  • individual, not titled
Land use rights:
  • open access (unorganized)
Water use rights:
  • open access (unorganized)
Comments:

Land ownership: state, individual, not titled, individual, titled

5.9 Access to services and infrastructure

health:
  • poor
  • moderate
  • good
education:
  • poor
  • moderate
  • good
technical assistance:
  • poor
  • moderate
  • good
employment (e.g. off-farm):
  • poor
  • moderate
  • good
markets:
  • poor
  • moderate
  • good
energy:
  • poor
  • moderate
  • good
roads and transport:
  • poor
  • moderate
  • good
drinking water and sanitation:
  • poor
  • moderate
  • good
financial services:
  • poor
  • moderate
  • good

6. Impacts and concluding statements

6.1 On-site impacts the Technology has shown

Socio-economic impacts

Production

crop production

decreased
increased

fodder production

decreased
increased

fodder quality

decreased
increased

animal production

decreased
increased

risk of production failure

increased
decreased

product diversity

decreased
increased
Income and costs

expenses on agricultural inputs

increased
decreased

farm income

decreased
increased

diversity of income sources

decreased
increased

Socio-cultural impacts

food security/ self-sufficiency

reduced
improved

cultural opportunities

reduced
improved

community institutions

weakened
strengthened

situation of socially and economically disadvantaged groups

worsened
improved

Ecological impacts

Water cycle/ runoff

water quantity

decreased
increased
Soil

soil cover

reduced
improved
Biodiversity: vegetation, animals

biomass/ above ground C

decreased
increased

plant diversity

decreased
increased

pest/ disease control

decreased
increased

6.2 Off-site impacts the Technology has shown

downstream siltation

increased
decreased

wind transported sediments

increased
reduced

6.7 Strengths/ advantages/ opportunities of the Technology

Strengths/ advantages/ opportunities in the compiler’s or other key resource person’s view
Recuperación de la capacidad de autogestión comunitario.

6.8 Weaknesses/ disadvantages/ risks of the Technology and ways of overcoming them

Weaknesses/ disadvantages/ risks in the compiler’s or other key resource person’s view How can they be overcome?
Aborda limitaciones simbólicas estructurales, de mediana dificultad, ya que éstas no solo existen a nivel de las comunidades rurales, sino también, en la sociedad mayor y por lo tanto en los equipos que trabajan en desarrollo rural. Los equipos interdisciplinarios, y la presencia en ellos de antropólogos rurales y psicólogos sociales, permiten abordar dicha problemática.
Capacidad de respuesta del sistema, la sociedad mayor, el estado a la gestión de propuestas por parte de las comunidades y organizaciones campesinas.

7. References and links

7.1 Methods/ sources of information

  • field visits, field surveys
  • interviews with land users

7.2 References to available publications

Title, author, year, ISBN:

FAO (2014). Sistematización de Prácticas de Conservación de Suelos y Aguas para la Adaptación al Cambio Climático. Metodología basada en WOCAT para América Latina y el Caribe.

Available from where? Costs?

http://www.fao.org/3/a-i3741s/index.html

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