1.3 Conditions regarding the use of data documented through WOCAT

When were the data compiled (in the field)?

26/12/1997

The compiler and key resource person(s) accept the conditions regarding the use of data documented through WOCAT:

Ja

1.5 Reference to Questionnaire(s) on SLM Approaches

2.1 Short description of the Technology

Definition of the Technology:

Contour terrace protection with front bank and three ditches in orchard rehabilitation.

2.2 Detailed description of the Technology

Description:

There is sufficient rainfall in this area and runoff often destroys the existing terraces causing much cost for maintaining. Sluice system on the terraces is important. This technology of the contour terrace protection is to build front bank and three ditches on terraces in order to solve this problem. The method is that building front bank on a terrace edge and digging a ditch on the back terrace as well as digging a ditch upright the terrace along a relatively low rill to induct overflow out.

2.3 Photos of the Technology

2.5 Country/ region/ locations where the Technology has been applied and which are covered by this assessment

2.6 Date of implementation

If precise year is not known, indicate approximate date:

• more than 50 years ago (traditional)

2.7 Introduction of the Technology

Specify how the Technology was introduced:

• through projects/ external interventions

Comments (type of project, etc.):

Experiences from the farmers' over years practice.

3.2 Current land use type(s) where the Technology is applied

Comments:

Major land use problems (compiler’s opinion): Lack of scientific planning, irrational development of the hilly and mountain areas causing serious soil loss and land degradation as well as yield decrease.

Major land use problems (land users’ perception): Low yield and much more input (fertilizer, pesticides etc.) needed to obtain the same production.

3.3 Further information about land use

Water supply for the land on which the Technology is applied:

• mixed rainfed-irrigated

Comments:

Water supply also rainfed

Number of growing seasons per year:

• 2

Specify:

Longest growing period in days: 365Longest growing period from month to month: Jan - Dec

3.4 SLM group to which the Technology belongs

• cross-slope measure

3.5 Spread of the Technology

Specify the spread of the Technology:

• evenly spread over an area

If the Technology is evenly spread over an area, indicate approximate area covered:

• 1-10 km2

Comments:

Total area covered by the SLM Technology is 2 m2.

This is a experimental and demonstrating area for applying the "Three Ditches on Terrace" technology.

3.6 SLM measures comprising the Technology

Comments:

Type of agronomic measures: mulching, contour tillage

3.7 Main types of land degradation addressed by the Technology

Comments:

Main type of degradation addressed: Wt: loss of topsoil / surface erosion

Secondary types of degradation addressed: Cn: fertility decline and reduced organic matter content

Main causes of degradation: other natural causes (avalanches, volcanic eruptions, mud flows, highly susceptible natural resources, extreme topography, etc.) specify, education, access to knowledge and support services (lack of knowledge)

Secondary causes of degradation: other human induced causes (specify) (agricultural causes), poverty / wealth (lack of captial)

3.8 Prevention, reduction, or restoration of land degradation

Specify the goal of the Technology with regard to land degradation:

• reduce land degradation

4.2 Technical specifications/ explanations of technical drawing

Technical knowledge required for field staff / advisors: moderate

Technical knowledge required for land users: low

Main technical functions: control of dispersed runoff: impede / retard, Control / improvement of drainage

Secondary technical functions: control of raindrop splash, improvement of ground cover

Mulching
Material/ species: peanut and legume crop
Quantity/ density: 30 /m2
Remarks: layout

Contour tillage
Material/ species: layout

Fruit trees / shrubs species: longan trees

Perennial crops species: peanut

Slope (which determines the spacing indicated above): 30.00%

If the original slope has changed as a result of the Technology, the slope today is (see figure below): 2.00%

Gradient along the rows / strips: 25.00%

Construction material (earth): easy to get, simple techniques, low prices, short life

Construction material (stone): trong enough, long life, and easy to construct

Slope (which determines the spacing indicated above): 15.00%

If the original slope has changed as a result of the Technology, the slope today is: 0.00%

Lateral gradient along the structure: 60.00%

For water harvesting: the ratio between the area where the harvested water is applied and the total area from which water is collected is: 1:60.00

Vegetation is used for stabilisation of structures.

4.3 General information regarding the calculation of inputs and costs

Specify currency used for cost calculations:

• US Dollars

4.4 Establishment activities

	Activity	Type of measure	Timing
1.	plant the fruit trees	Vegetative	spring
2.	peanut	Vegetative	spring
3.	flower and grass	Vegetative	spring
4.	digging drainage ditch	Structural	spring
5.	constructing front bank	Structural	spring
6.	building contour terrace	Structural	spring

4.5 Costs and inputs needed for establishment

Comments:

Duration of establishment phase: 72 month(s)

4.6 Maintenance/ recurrent activities

	Activity	Type of measure	Timing/ frequency
1.	cultivation	Agronomic	dry and raining season / 2 times a year
2.	harvest	Agronomic	summer and fall / 2 times a year
3.	irrigation	Vegetative	spring /timely
4.	control of pest and disease	Vegetative	spring /growing season
5.	fertilization	Vegetative	spring /twice a year
6.	weeding	Vegetative	spring /twice a year
7.	maintaining the drainage ditch	Structural	free time/
8.	maintaining the front bank	Structural	free time/

4.7 Costs and inputs needed for maintenance/ recurrent activities (per year)

Comments:

Area of the terraces.

4.8 Most important factors affecting the costs

Describe the most determinate factors affecting the costs:

Terrace sizes such as length, width, height etc.

5.1 Climate

5.2 Topography

Indicate if the Technology is specifically applied in:

• not relevant

Comments and further specifications on topography:

slopes on average also steep

land forms also mountain slopes.

5.3 Soils

If available, attach full soil description or specify the available information, e.g. soil type, soil PH/ acidity, Cation Exchange Capacity, nitrogen, salinity etc.

soil fertility is medium, low is ranked second highest and high is ranked as lowest.

Soil drainage / infiltration is medium - poor

Soil water storage capacity is medium - low

5.6 Characteristics of land users applying the Technology

Indicate other relevant characteristics of the land users:

Population density: 200-500 persons/km2

Annual population growth: 0.5% - 1%

20% of the land users are rich and own 30% of the land.
80% of the land users are average wealthy and own 70% of the land.

Off-farm income specification: Additional income increased from fruit trees and cash crops planted in the SWC area.

5.8 Land ownership, land use rights, and water use rights

Land ownership:

• state

Land use rights:

• individual

Water use rights:

• individual

6.1 On-site impacts the Technology has shown

Ecological impacts

Water cycle/ runoff

Soil

6.4 Cost-benefit analysis

How do the benefits compare with the establishment costs (from land users’ perspective)?

How do the benefits compare with the maintenance/ recurrent costs (from land users' perspective)?

6.5 Adoption of the Technology

• more than 50%

If available, quantify (no. of households and/ or area covered):

43 households and 100 % of the area covered

Of all those who have adopted the Technology, how many have did so spontaneously, i.e. without receiving any material incentives/ payments?

• 50-90%

Comments:

65% of land user families have adopted the Technology with external material support

27 land user families have adopted the Technology with external material support

Comments on acceptance with external material support: estimates

35% of land user families have adopted the Technology without any external material support

16 land user families have adopted the Technology without any external material support

Comments on spontaneous adoption: estimates

There is a moderate trend towards spontaneous adoption of the Technology

Comments on adoption trend: More and more farmers are getting to know that the SWC technology can produce benefits.