Technologies

Ecofogón Modelo Justa [Nicaragua]

Fogón Mejorado

technologies_4578 - Nicaragua

Completeness: 84%

1. General information

1.2 Contact details of resource persons and institutions involved in the assessment and documentation of the Technology

Key resource person(s)

SLM specialist:

Flores Ayestas Asuncion

Protagonista del programa de Gestión Comunitaria de la Cuenca del Río Dipilto.

Nicaragua

SLM specialist:
Name of project which facilitated the documentation/ evaluation of the Technology (if relevant)
Para el mandato de backstopping para le programa gestion comunitaria de la cuenca de Rio Dipilto en Nicaragua (Gestion comunitaria - Nicaragua)
Name of the institution(s) which facilitated the documentation/ evaluation of the Technology (if relevant)
Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (DEZA / COSUDE / DDC / SDC) - Switzerland
Name of the institution(s) which facilitated the documentation/ evaluation of the Technology (if relevant)
Ministerio del Ambiente y los Recursos Naturales - Nicaragua (MARENA) - Nicaragua

1.3 Conditions regarding the use of data documented through WOCAT

The compiler and key resource person(s) accept the conditions regarding the use of data documented through WOCAT:

Ja

1.4 Declaration on sustainability of the described Technology

Is the Technology described here problematic with regard to land degradation, so that it cannot be declared a sustainable land management technology?

Nee

1.5 Reference to Questionnaire(s) on SLM Approaches (documented using WOCAT)

2. Description of the SLM Technology

2.1 Short description of the Technology

Definition of the Technology:

Ecofogón mejorado modelo Justa, utilizado para reducir el consumo de leña.

2.2 Detailed description of the Technology

Description:

El Ecofogón mejorado modelo Justa se utiliza en los hogares de las familias que habitan en la cuenca del río Dipilto. Puede construirse de bloque o ladrillo cuarterón, con dos planchas metálicas movibles que forman las hornillas y una chimenea metálica cubierta con malla. En la parte interna lleva una cámara de combustión de ladrillo a una fundición de 1000 °C, también tiene otro compartimento pequeño, para la extracción de residuos que son producto de la salida de humo. El propósito de esta tecnología es reducir el consumo de leña y disminuir la presión sobre el recurso bosque. Las principales actividades de mantenimiento consisten en: Limpieza general del Ecofogón, introducir pequeños trozos de leña para lograr el funcionamiento adecuado, en caso de las planchas se limpian cada vez que se finaliza de cocinar. Una vez que el nivel de ceniza haya bajado se vuelve a rellenar para mantener el calor. Entre los beneficios e impactos adquiridos por la tecnología se determinan el ahorro del consumo de leña hasta en un 75%, mayor higiene en la cocina, porque no hay inhalación de humo por las personas que hacen uso del Ecofogón, y menor cantidad de corte de árboles para ser utilizados de leña. Los usuarios expresan satisfacción por la implementación de la tecnología y no se exponen a enfermedades respiratorias, y es fácil de mantenerlo.

2.3 Photos of the Technology

2.5 Country/ region/ locations where the Technology has been applied and which are covered by this assessment

Country:

Nicaragua

Region/ State/ Province:

Comunidad El Volcán, Municipio de Dipilto Nueva Segovia

Further specification of location:

Municipio Dipilto, Comunidad El Volcán, Finca Santa Rosa

Specify the spread of the Technology:
  • applied at specific points/ concentrated on a small area
Is/are the technology site(s) located in a permanently protected area?

Ja

If yes, specify:

97 km superficie que cubre la cuenca del Rio Dipilto.

2.6 Date of implementation

Indicate year of implementation:

2017

If precise year is not known, indicate approximate date:
  • less than 10 years ago (recently)

2.7 Introduction of the Technology

Specify how the Technology was introduced:
  • through projects/ external interventions

3. Classification of the SLM Technology

3.1 Main purpose(s) of the Technology

  • reduce, prevent, restore land degradation
  • conserve ecosystem
  • protect a watershed/ downstream areas – in combination with other Technologies
  • adapt to climate change/ extremes and its impacts
  • create beneficial social impact

3.2 Current land use type(s) where the Technology is applied

Land use mixed within the same land unit:

Ja


Cropland

Cropland

  • Annual cropping
Number of growing seasons per year:
  • 1
Specify:

Algunos cultivos como las Musaceas se cosechan todo el año

Is intercropping practiced?

Ja

If yes, specify which crops are intercropped:

Agroforesteria de café diversificada

Is crop rotation practiced?

Nee

Settlements, infrastructure

Settlements, infrastructure

  • Settlements, buildings

3.3 Has land use changed due to the implementation of the Technology?

Has land use changed due to the implementation of the Technology?
  • No (Continue with question 3.4)

3.4 Water supply

Water supply for the land on which the Technology is applied:
  • rainfed

3.5 SLM group to which the Technology belongs

  • energy efficiency technologies

3.6 SLM measures comprising the Technology

structural measures

structural measures

  • S10: Energy saving measures

3.7 Main types of land degradation addressed by the Technology

biological degradation

biological degradation

  • Bq: quantity/ biomass decline

3.8 Prevention, reduction, or restoration of land degradation

Specify the goal of the Technology with regard to land degradation:
  • not applicable

4. Technical specifications, implementation activities, inputs, and costs

4.1 Technical drawing of the Technology

Technical specifications (related to technical drawing):

Altura de l a mesa del Ecofogón 22", Ancho de la mesa del Ecofogón 23", Largo de la mesa del Ecofogon 61". Alto de la parte superior del Ecofogon 11". El Material de construcción utilizado : Ladrillo cuarterón y/o bloque, plancha metálica, arena, tubo de hierro de 4", malla metálica, protector de chimenea, pinza para remover tapaderas de las hornillas, sellador para evitar entrada de agua de la lluvia, la mesa puede ser construida de Adobe, Ladrillo o bloque.

Author:

Maria Teresa Rodríguez Pérez

Date:

21/03/2019

4.2 General information regarding the calculation of inputs and costs

Specify how costs and inputs were calculated:
  • per Technology unit
Specify unit:

Ecofogón

other/ national currency (specify):

Cordoba

If relevant, indicate exchange rate from USD to local currency (e.g. 1 USD = 79.9 Brazilian Real): 1 USD =:

33.0

4.3 Establishment activities

Activity Timing (season)
1. Ubicación del lugar de construcción Al inicio
2. Preparación y traslado de materiales Después de haber preparado el sitio de construcción del eco fogon.
3. Construcción de eco fogón Después haber preparado y traslado de materiales.
4. Prueba de funcionamiento Dos días después de construido el eco fogón.

4.4 Costs and inputs needed for establishment

Specify input Unit Quantity Costs per Unit Total costs per input % of costs borne by land users
Labour Construcción del Ecofogón D/H 2.0 700.0 1400.0
Labour Contrapartida del protagonista D/H 2.0 200.0 400.0 5.0
Construction material Adobe para Mesa Und 30.0 10.0 300.0
Construction material Ladrillo Cuarterón Unid 55.0 6.0 330.0
Construction material Ladrillo Para Cámara de combustión Unid 4.0 25.0 100.0
Construction material Cemento lbr 75.0 3.5 262.5
Construction material Tubo Para Chimenea de 4"Pulgadas mts 3.0 120.0 360.0
Construction material Arena baldes 5.0 40.0 200.0
Construction material Plancha metálica de 0.70 mt, largo * 0.35 mts de ancho , * 32 ml de grosor und 1.0 2500.0 2500.0
Construction material Malla expandida aislante de calor mts 2.0 220.0 440.0
Other Protector para chimenea de Zinc Liso y Remaches und 1.0 120.0 120.0
Other Pinza para retirar hornillas und 1.0 50.0 50.0
Total costs for establishment of the Technology 6462.5
Total costs for establishment of the Technology in USD 195.83
If land user bore less than 100% of costs, indicate who covered the remaining costs:

El Programa Gestión Comunitaria de la cuenca del rió Dipílto

Comments:

El total general para establecer la tecnología equivale a 6462.5 córdobas, incluyendo mano de obra y aporte del protagonista (195.83 dolares americanos). estos costos se refieren a la construcción de una unidad de Ecofogón.

4.5 Maintenance/ recurrent activities

Activity Timing/ frequency
1. Limpieza de las planchas diario Después que termina de cocinar
2. Limpieza de chimenea de 8 a 15 días
3. Limpieza en el área externa del eco fogón con tierra o cal diario
4. Extracción de ceniza al momento de encenderlo diario
5. Rellenar con ceniza cuando baja el nivel optimo al mes

4.6 Costs and inputs needed for maintenance/ recurrent activities (per year)

Specify input Unit Quantity Costs per Unit Total costs per input % of costs borne by land users
Labour Limpieza y mantenimiento del Ecofogon D/H 12.0 120.0 1440.0 100.0
Total costs for maintenance of the Technology 1440.0
Total costs for maintenance of the Technology in USD 43.64
Comments:

En la parte del mantenimiento, referente a la limpieza general del Ecofogón y relleno con ceniza es asumida el 100% por el usuario de la tierra.

5. Natural and human environment

5.1 Climate

Annual rainfall
  • < 250 mm
  • 251-500 mm
  • 501-750 mm
  • 751-1,000 mm
  • 1,001-1,500 mm
  • 1,501-2,000 mm
  • 2,001-3,000 mm
  • 3,001-4,000 mm
  • > 4,000 mm
Agro-climatic zone
  • sub-humid

5.2 Topography

Slopes on average:
  • flat (0-2%)
  • gentle (3-5%)
  • moderate (6-10%)
  • rolling (11-15%)
  • hilly (16-30%)
  • steep (31-60%)
  • very steep (>60%)
Landforms:
  • plateau/plains
  • ridges
  • mountain slopes
  • hill slopes
  • footslopes
  • valley floors
Altitudinal zone:
  • 0-100 m a.s.l.
  • 101-500 m a.s.l.
  • 501-1,000 m a.s.l.
  • 1,001-1,500 m a.s.l.
  • 1,501-2,000 m a.s.l.
  • 2,001-2,500 m a.s.l.
  • 2,501-3,000 m a.s.l.
  • 3,001-4,000 m a.s.l.
  • > 4,000 m a.s.l.
Indicate if the Technology is specifically applied in:
  • not relevant

5.3 Soils

Soil depth on average:
  • very shallow (0-20 cm)
  • shallow (21-50 cm)
  • moderately deep (51-80 cm)
  • deep (81-120 cm)
  • very deep (> 120 cm)
Soil texture (topsoil):
  • coarse/ light (sandy)
Soil texture (> 20 cm below surface):
  • coarse/ light (sandy)
Topsoil organic matter:
  • medium (1-3%)

5.4 Water availability and quality

Availability of surface water:

good

Water quality (untreated):

poor drinking water (treatment required)

Water quality refers to:

surface water

Is water salinity a problem?

Nee

Is flooding of the area occurring?

Nee

5.5 Biodiversity

Species diversity:
  • medium
Habitat diversity:
  • medium

5.6 Characteristics of land users applying the Technology

Sedentary or nomadic:
  • Sedentary
Market orientation of production system:
  • subsistence (self-supply)
Off-farm income:
  • less than 10% of all income
Relative level of wealth:
  • poor
Individuals or groups:
  • individual/ household
Level of mechanization:
  • manual work
Gender:
  • women
  • men
Age of land users:
  • youth
  • middle-aged

5.7 Average area of land used by land users applying the Technology

  • < 0.5 ha
  • 0.5-1 ha
  • 1-2 ha
  • 2-5 ha
  • 5-15 ha
  • 15-50 ha
  • 50-100 ha
  • 100-500 ha
  • 500-1,000 ha
  • 1,000-10,000 ha
  • > 10,000 ha
Is this considered small-, medium- or large-scale (referring to local context)?
  • small-scale

5.8 Land ownership, land use rights, and water use rights

Land ownership:
  • individual, titled
Land use rights:
  • individual
Water use rights:
  • communal (organized)
  • individual
Are land use rights based on a traditional legal system?

Ja

Specify:

Titulo de Propiedad /Escritura publica

5.9 Access to services and infrastructure

health:
  • poor
  • moderate
  • good
education:
  • poor
  • moderate
  • good
technical assistance:
  • poor
  • moderate
  • good
employment (e.g. off-farm):
  • poor
  • moderate
  • good
markets:
  • poor
  • moderate
  • good
energy:
  • poor
  • moderate
  • good
roads and transport:
  • poor
  • moderate
  • good
drinking water and sanitation:
  • poor
  • moderate
  • good
financial services:
  • poor
  • moderate
  • good

6. Impacts and concluding statements

6.1 On-site impacts the Technology has shown

Socio-economic impacts

Production

forest/ woodland quality

decreased
increased
Comments/ specify:

Disminuye la presión al bosque, aumentando cobertura vegetal, retención de agua y productividad de los suelos dentro del área de influencia del proyecto.

Income and costs

workload

increased
decreased
Comments/ specify:

Al disminuir la cantidad de leña quese usa, disminuye el tiempo para la recolección de la misma y costos al comprar la leña para preparar alimentos.

Socio-cultural impacts

health situation

worsened
improved
Comments/ specify:

Es aceptado por la mayoría de los usuarios de la tierra, dado que reduce el consumo de leña e inhalación de humo que disminuye enfermedades respiratorias.

Ecological impacts

Biodiversity: vegetation, animals

Vegetation cover

decreased
increased
Comments/ specify:

Al aumentar la cobertura vegetal no se altera los nichos ecológicos.

habitat diversity

decreased
increased
Comments/ specify:

Diversidad de ecosistemas conservados para las diferentes especies .

6.2 Off-site impacts the Technology has shown

damage on neighbours' fields

increased
reduced
Comments/ specify:

Al reducir el consumo de leña , los usuarios de la tierra ya no entran a extraerla donde los vecinos o asear ajenas.

damage on public/ private infrastructure

increased
reduced

6.4 Cost-benefit analysis

How do the benefits compare with the establishment costs (from land users’ perspective)?
Short-term returns:

positive

Long-term returns:

positive

How do the benefits compare with the maintenance/ recurrent costs (from land users' perspective)?
Short-term returns:

positive

Long-term returns:

positive

6.5 Adoption of the Technology

  • 11-50%
Of all those who have adopted the Technology, how many did so spontaneously, i.e. without receiving any material incentives/ payments?
  • 0-10%

6.6 Adaptation

Has the Technology been modified recently to adapt to changing conditions?

Nee

6.7 Strengths/ advantages/ opportunities of the Technology

Strengths/ advantages/ opportunities in the land user’s view
Evitamos la contaminación ambiental
Reducción de gastos por consumo de leña
Mejora las condiciones de salud ( enfermedades respiratorias)
Strengths/ advantages/ opportunities in the compiler’s or other key resource person’s view
Es asimilada por usuarios ( protagonistas)
Fácil construcción y manejo
Comprobada la reducción del consumo de leña y no requiere de mucha inversión para el mantenimiento.

6.8 Weaknesses/ disadvantages/ risks of the Technology and ways of overcoming them

Weaknesses/ disadvantages/ risks in the compiler’s or other key resource person’s view How can they be overcome?
No todos los usuarios han adoptado la tecnología Capacitar y sensibilizar a los usuarios

7. References and links

7.1 Methods/ sources of information

  • field visits, field surveys

1

  • interviews with land users

1

  • interviews with SLM specialists/ experts

3

When were the data compiled (in the field)?

21/03/2019

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