1.2 Contact details of resource persons and institutions involved in the assessment and documentation of the Technology

Name of project which facilitated the documentation/ evaluation of the Technology (if relevant)

Name of the institution(s) which facilitated the documentation/ evaluation of the Technology (if relevant)

Name of the institution(s) which facilitated the documentation/ evaluation of the Technology (if relevant)

1.3 Conditions regarding the use of data documented through WOCAT

The compiler and key resource person(s) accept the conditions regarding the use of data documented through WOCAT:

Ja

1.4 Declaration on sustainability of the described Technology

Is the Technology described here problematic with regard to land degradation, so that it cannot be declared a sustainable land management technology?

Nee

2.1 Short description of the Technology

Definition of the Technology:

Strip tillage to plant maize: a way to reduce soil disturbance and secure maize establishment.

2.2 Detailed description of the Technology

Description:

The region of Pays de Loire in Western France has a temperate climate with warm summers and mild winters. The region has many rural areas, dedicated mostly to agriculture, with large economic centres and conurbations (e.g. the Nantes area). The strip till technology is applied to te same area on a dairy farm in Pays de Loire (La Pouëze), which implements a form of conservation agriculture. Fields have not been ploughed for 9 years, and direct seeding of cover crops (i.e. clover seeded cover for green mulch, weed control and nitrogen fixation) and winter crops (economic cash crop) has been used for 4 years. Crop rotation is practiced on a 2 year rotation between spring maize and winter wheat.
Strip till is a conservation system that uses minimum tillage. It combines the soil drying and warming benefits of conventional tillage with the soil-protecting advantages of no-till by disturbing only the portion of the soil that is to be seeded. Strip till has been developed as an alternative to conventional tillage to prepare the soil before planting maize. It targets tillage on the line to be seeded: on 10 to 20 cm wide strips, at a depth of 10 to 30 cm. Strip till is harder to use in clayey and lumpy soil.
Strip till protects roots and facilitates crop establishment by creating higher soil porosity and seed line warming. As strip till does not disturb the inter-row, soil disturbance is minimized leading to:
-Improved production
-Reduced land degradation
-Beneficial economic impact

Initial investment costs are limited to purchasing the specialised strip till machine, which is about Euro 14,000. Benefits of strip till include:
- Increased: crop production, farm income, water drainage, nutrient cycling, soil organic matter carbon, vegetation cover, beneficial soil species, and habitat diversity
- Reduced: risk of production failure, workload/time, fuel, surface water runoff, evaporation, soil crusting, soil compaction, impact on soil life, and weed emergence

The compilation of this SLM is a part of the European Interreg project FABulous Farmers which aims to reduce the reliance on external inputs by encouraging the use of methods and interventions that increase the farm’s Functional AgroBiodiversity (FAB). Visit www.fabulousfarmers.eu and www.nweurope.eu/Fabulous-Farmers for more information.

2.3 Photos of the Technology

2.5 Country/ region/ locations where the Technology has been applied and which are covered by this assessment

Country:

France

Region/ State/ Province:

Pays de Loire

Further specification of location:

La Pouëze

Specify the spread of the Technology:

• evenly spread over an area

If the Technology is evenly spread over an area, specify area covered (in km2):

0.3

If precise area is not known, indicate approximate area covered:

• 0.1-1 km2

Is/are the technology site(s) located in a permanently protected area?

Nee

Map

×

2.6 Date of implementation

Indicate year of implementation:

2015

2.7 Introduction of the Technology

Specify how the Technology was introduced:

• through projects/ external interventions

Comments (type of project, etc.):

Discussions in soil training sessions, trade fairs and farmers' groups

3.1 Main purpose(s) of the Technology

• improve production
• reduce, prevent, restore land degradation
• create beneficial economic impact

3.2 Current land use type(s) where the Technology is applied

Land use mixed within the same land unit:

Nee

Cropland

• Annual cropping

Annual cropping - Specify crops:

• cereals - maize

Number of growing seasons per year:

• 1

Is intercropping practiced?

Ja

If yes, specify which crops are intercropped:

Maize - Cover crops

Is crop rotation practiced?

Ja

If yes, specify:

Crop rotation is practiced on a 2 year rotation between spring Maize and winter Wheat

3.3 Has land use changed due to the implementation of the Technology?

Has land use changed due to the implementation of the Technology?

• No (Continue with question 3.4)

3.4 Water supply

Water supply for the land on which the Technology is applied:

• rainfed

3.5 SLM group to which the Technology belongs

• rotational systems (crop rotation, fallows, shifting cultivation)
• minimal soil disturbance

3.6 SLM measures comprising the Technology

agronomic measures

• A1: Vegetation/ soil cover
• A2: Organic matter/ soil fertility
• A3: Soil surface treatment

3.7 Main types of land degradation addressed by the Technology

soil erosion by water

• Wt: loss of topsoil/ surface erosion

chemical soil deterioration

• Cn: fertility decline and reduced organic matter content (not caused by erosion)

physical soil deterioration

• Pc: compaction

biological degradation

• Bl: loss of soil life

3.8 Prevention, reduction, or restoration of land degradation

Specify the goal of the Technology with regard to land degradation:

• reduce land degradation

4.1 Technical drawing of the Technology

Technical specifications (related to technical drawing):

The strip till is a machine equipped with:
- 4 teeth permitting soil tillage at a soil depths between 10 cm and 30 cm
- 4 pairs discs to crumble the soil between 10 cm and 20 cm depth for preparation of the seedbed
Between each till line cover crops can be allowed to remain but may be cut back to near soil level to reduce competition with crop seeds.
Technology was applied on 30ha of maize plantation in regular row planting formation.

Author:

Alan Rabdourne

Date:

29/03/2021

4.2 General information regarding the calculation of inputs and costs

Specify how costs and inputs were calculated:

• per Technology area

other/ national currency (specify):

€

If relevant, indicate exchange rate from USD to local currency (e.g. 1 USD = 79.9 Brazilian Real): 1 USD =:

0.9

4.3 Establishment activities

4.4 Costs and inputs needed for establishment

4.5 Maintenance/ recurrent activities

4.6 Costs and inputs needed for maintenance/ recurrent activities (per year)

4.7 Most important factors affecting the costs

Describe the most determinate factors affecting the costs:

The initial investment to buy the strip till is high, but its cost by passage is lower than ploughing or other simplified techniques of implantation.

5.1 Climate

5.2 Topography

Indicate if the Technology is specifically applied in:

• not relevant

5.3 Soils

5.4 Water availability and quality

Is water salinity a problem?

Nee

Is flooding of the area occurring?

Nee

5.5 Biodiversity

5.6 Characteristics of land users applying the Technology

5.7 Average area of land used by land users applying the Technology

5.8 Land ownership, land use rights, and water use rights

Land ownership:

• individual, titled

Land use rights:

• leased

Water use rights:

• individual

Are land use rights based on a traditional legal system?

Nee

5.9 Access to services and infrastructure

6.1 On-site impacts the Technology has shown

Socio-economic impacts

Production

Income and costs

Ecological impacts

Water cycle/ runoff

Soil

Biodiversity: vegetation, animals

6.3 Exposure and sensitivity of the Technology to gradual climate change and climate-related extremes/ disasters (as perceived by land users)

Gradual climate change

Gradual climate change

6.4 Cost-benefit analysis

How do the benefits compare with the establishment costs (from land users’ perspective)?

How do the benefits compare with the maintenance/ recurrent costs (from land users' perspective)?

6.5 Adoption of the Technology

• single cases/ experimental

Of all those who have adopted the Technology, how many did so spontaneously, i.e. without receiving any material incentives/ payments?

• 0-10%

6.6 Adaptation

Has the Technology been modified recently to adapt to changing conditions?

Nee

6.7 Strengths/ advantages/ opportunities of the Technology

6.8 Weaknesses/ disadvantages/ risks of the Technology and ways of overcoming them

7.1 Methods/ sources of information