Land users with an A-frame that they use to mark out contour lines on sloping land (Gyanbandhu Sharma)

Participatory hedgerow management (النيبال)

Sahabhagitamulak ghasehar bewasthapan (Main Contributor: Gyanbandhu Sharma, LI-BIRD)

الوصف

Hedgerow technology can be introduced through the joint participation of farmers, scientists, and related stakeholders. The whole community works together at all stages, including designing, planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation, and scaling up.

Aims / objectives: Communities can establish better hedgerows by supplementing the traditional knowledge that they have employed for generations with scientific knowledge through a participatory process where both groups are involved in every step of planning, designing, and implementation. This approach recognizes the validity of the local knowledge that farmers have about their land and supplements it with scientific techniques to facilitate the implementation of methods which will yield better results sooner.

Methods: Hedgerow technology can be implemented by forming farmers' groups and using a participatory approach. This technology has the potential to be scaled up and applied on a broader scale. The steps for sharing labour and know-how to establish hedgerows can be summarized as follows:
• Capacity is strengthened through discussions with technical persons.
• Farmers, technical persons, and related stakeholders work together to come up with plans that make the best use of both the farmers’ indigenous knowledge on how to form hedgerows and their understanding of the landscape, and scientific knowledge, for designing and planning.
• The hedgerows are established by the farmers as per the consensual plan.
• Some farmers are designated to periodically inspect the hedgerows and to perform maintenance as needed.
• The technology is scaled up by farmers who disseminate the learning to other farmers through extension and knowledge sharing at different fora.

Stages of implementation: Farmers, technical persons, and related stakeholders were all involved at every stage. In addition, LI-BIRD, local community-based organizations, and other related stakeholders such as the district forest office and the district agriculture office were on hand to support the farmers' group by offering technical and financial resources. The farmers' groups had a vested interest in this approach and demonstrated their commitment by: generating funds from a savings and credit scheme and conducting income generating activities. They also worked to establish effective linkages and to coordinate with related stakeholders to obtain resources which would ensure that the group would be self-reliant in the long run. The involvement of a wide range of participants will ensure that the technology is not only effective but that it is also sustainable. Moreover, when neighbouring communities see how successful this approach can be, it is hoped that they also will adopt the technology.

الموقع

الموقع: Gorkha, Tanahu District, النيبال

المرجع الجغرافي للمواقع المختارة
  • غير متاح

تاريخ البدء: غير متاح

سنة الإنهاء: غير متاح

نوع النهج
Land users with an A-frame that they use to mark out contour lines on sloping land (Gyanbandhu Sharma)
A local woman harvesting grass planted along a contour line (Gyanbandhu Sharma)

غايات النهج والبيئة المواتية

الغايات/الأهداف الرئيسية للنهج
The Approach focused mainly on SLM with other activities (Income generation)

The objective of this approach was to introduce the technology through participatory planning, designing, and implementation by integrating farmers’ knowledge and experiences in the process.

The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: This approach addressed a few of the major problems in the area. The outstanding problems were:
• poor technical knowledge,
• lack of group efforts,
• lack of cash for investment,
• poor access to service providers,
• inadequate use made of farmers' traditional knowledge,
• inadequate knowledge resources, and
• poverty and poor social cohesiveness.
الشروط التي تمكن من تنفيذ التقنية/التقنيات المطبقة في إطار النهج
الظروف التي تعيق تنفيذ التقنية/التقنيات المطبقة في إطار النهج
  • توفر/الوصول إلى الموارد والخدمات المالية: Farmers had insufficient financial resources to implement the technology Treatment through the SLM Approach: Farmers learned how to apply for resources from different related stakeholders and they also learned how to generate cash from their own group using savings and credit schemes.
  • الإطار المؤسساتي: Farmers had no formal institutional mechanisms and also had no capacity to run their institutions Treatment through the SLM Approach: Farmers learned how to form a formal group and also improved their capacity to run their institutions
  • الإطار القانوني (حيازة الأراضي، وحقوق استخدام الأراضي والمياه): The existing land ownership, land use rights / water rights hindered a little the approach implementation
  • المعرفة حول الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي، والوصول إلى الدعم الفني: Farmers had low technical knowledge Treatment through the SLM Approach: Farmers shared their know-how and also learned from scientists, other farmers and related stakeholders

مشاركة وأدوار الأطراف المعنية

الأطراف المعنية بالنهج وأدوارها
ما هي الجهات المعنية / الكيانات المنفذة التي شاركت في النهج؟ حدد الأطراف المعنيين وصف أدوار الأطراف المعنية
مستخدمو الأراضي المحليون/المجتمعات المحلية
متخصصون في الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي / مستشارون زراعيون
منظمة غير حكومية LI-BIRD
الحكومة المحلية
الحكومة الوطنية (المخططون، صانعو القرار)
الوكالة الرائدة
Specialists and land users. During the design process, specialists organized on-farm visits and exposure visits. The plan was prepared jointly by the land users and the specialists who used each others' expertise.
انخراط مستخدمي الأراضي المحليين/المجتمعات المحلية في المراحل المختلفة للنهج
غير موجود
سلبي
الدعم الخارجي
تفاعلي
التعبئة الذاتية
المبادرة/التحفيز
x
At the beginning, the land users were mostly passive because they lacked information on sloping land management.
التخطيط
x
Land users were actively involved in the planning stage and they incorporated feedback from other stakeholders to finalize the action plan. During this phase they also prepared the land and the materials, and recruited the resource person needed to implement the technology
التنفيذ
x
Land users were involved in the implementation phase mobilizing their group members and shared the new technical knowledge that they had acquired.
الرصد/التقييم
x
Land users and other stakeholders remained actively involved throughout the different stages of monitoring and evaluation.
Research
x
Land users were actively involved in research work to test and validate the approach.
مخطط التدفق

Households (HH)
participate in hedgerow management

المؤلف: Gyanbandhu Sharma, AK Thaku
اتخاذ القرار بشأن اختيار تقنية الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي

وقد تم اتخاذ القرارات من قبل

  • مستخدمو الأراضي وحدهم (المبادرة الذاتية)
  • مستخدمو الأراضي بشكل أساسي، بدعم من متخصصي الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي
  • جميع الجهات الفاعلة ذات الصلة، كجزء من نهج تشاركي
  • متخصصون في الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي بشكل أساسي، بعد التشاور مع مستخدمي الأراضي
  • متخصصون في الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي بمفردهم
  • السياسيون / القادة

تم اتخاذ القرارات بناء على

  • تقييم المعرفة الموثقة جيدًا بشأن الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي(اتخاذ القرارات القائمة على الأدلة)
  • نتائج البحوث
  • خبرة وآراء شخصية(غير موثقة)

الدعم الفني وبناء القدرات وإدارة المعرفة

شكلت الأنشطة أو الخدمات التالية جزءًا من النهج
بناء القدرات/التدريب
تم تقديم التدريب للأطراف المعنية التالية
  • مستخدمو الأراضي
  • موظفون ميدانيون/ مستشارون
  • Local Resource Person
شكل التدريب
  • في العمل
  • من مزارع إلى مزارع
  • مناطق العرض
  • اجتماعات عامة
  • دورات
المواضيع المغطاة

This approach provided training on hedgerow technology and group mobilization to enhance the capacity of land users, field staff, and local resource persons. Site visits to the demonstration areas were also organized for the land users.

خدمة استشارية
تم تقديم الخدمة الاستشارية
  • في حقول مستخدمي الأراضي
  • في مراكز دائمة
Name of method used for advisory service: Group Mobilization Method; Key elements: networking and coordination of farmers' groups with district level line agencies such as the district forest office, the district agriculture office, the district livestock office, and other relevant stakeholders for learning and sharing of information.
تعزيز المؤسسات
تم تعزيز/إنشاء المؤسسات
  • لا
  • نعم، قليلا
  • نعم، باعتدال
  • نعم، إلى حد كبير
على المستوى التالي
  • محلي
  • إقليمي
  • وطني
صف المؤسسة والأدوار والمسؤوليات والأعضاء وما إلى ذلك.
نوع الدعم
  • مالي
  • بناء القدرات/التدريب
  • معدات
مزيد من التفاصيل
Trainings and sessions on capacity building were provided to the land users
الرصد والتقييم
bio-physical aspects were regular monitored by project staff, land users through observations; indicators: The land users and project staff made regular observations of sediment deposition rates after the intervention. technical aspects were regular monitored by project staff, land users through observations; indicators: The land users and project staff made regular observations on the formation of terraces and control of erosion. socio-cultural aspects were regular monitored by project staff, land users through observations; indicators: The land users and project staff regularly observed sociocultural impacts economic / production aspects were regular monitored by project staff, land users through observations; indicators: The land users and project staff regularly observed the extent to which the income of the land users changed. area treated aspects were regular monitored by government, land users through measurements; indicators: The land users and government staff monitored the coverage of the technology. no. of land users involved aspects were regular monitored by project staff, land users through observations; indicators: Regular observations were made by the land users and project staff on how many land users were adopting the technology. management of Approach aspects were regular monitored by project staff, land users through observations; indicators: The land users and project staff regularly observed how well the group functioned together and how well they linked with stakeholders There were few changes in the Approach as a result of monitoring and evaluation: Monitoring brought few changes; farmers used the information gathered during monitoring of on-farm demonstration to help them select the species they preferred but the technology remained the same. There were no changes in the Technology as a result of monitoring and evaluation
البحوث
تناول البحث المواضيع التالية
  • علم الاجتماع
  • الاقتصاد / التسويق
  • علم الايكولوجيا
  • تكنولوجيا

On-farm technical research was a part of the approach applied by land users, specialists, and relevant stakeholders who were involved in hedgerow technology trials.

Research was carried out on-farm

التمويل والدعم المادي الخارجي

الميزانية السنوية بالدولار الأمريكي لمكون الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي
  • < 2000
  • ‏ 10,0000-2,000
  • 100,000-10,000
  • 1,000000-100،000
  • > 1,000,000
Precise annual budget: غير متاح
Approach costs were met by the following donors: national non-government: 20.0%; local government (district, county, municipality, village etc): 10.0%; local community / land user(s): 70.0%
تم تقديم الخدمات أو الحوافز التالية لمستخدمي الأراضي
  • الدعم المالي/المادي المقدم لمستخدمي الأراضي
  • إعانات لمدخلات محددة
  • الائتمان
  • حوافز أو وسائل أخرى
الدعم المالي/المادي المقدم لمستخدمي الأراضي
LI-BIRD provided some support.

تحليل الأثر والتصريحات الختامية

آثار النهج
لا
نعم، قليلا
نعم، باعتدال
نعم، إلى حد كبير
هل ساعد النهج مستخدمي الأراضي على تنفيذ وصيانة تقنيات الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي؟

This approach helped to stabilize the fragile hill slopes.

x
هل ساهم النهج في تمكين الفئات المحرومة اجتماعيا واقتصاديا؟

The capacity of marginal ethnic groups increased; they learned how local institutions function and felt empowered to seek resources from their service providers.

x
Did other land users / projects adopt the Approach?

This approach was adopted by adjoining villagers and scaled up gradually in Dhading, Chitwan, Nawalparasi, and Makwanpur Districts. According to preliminary information, at least 450 households have now adopted this approach for sustainable land management.

x
المحفز الرئيسي لقيام مستخدمي الأراضي بتنفيذ الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي
استدامة أنشطة النهج
هل يمكن لمستخدمي الأراضي الحفاظ على استدامة ما تم تنفيذه من خلال النهج (بدون دعم خارجي)؟

الاستنتاجات والدروس المستفادة

نقاط القوة: وجهة نظر مستخدم الأرض
نقاط القوة: وجهة نظر جامع المعلومات أو غيره من الأشخاص الرئيسيين لمصدر المعلومات
  • Sustained capacity building (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Continue to build strong links and coordinate with government line agencies)
  • Improved access to services providers helped to enhance their capacity to cope with adverse conditions (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Continue to build and maintain contact with government line agencies)
  • Local institutions were strengthened (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Established formal institutions and help to sustain them)
  • Land users actively participated and took ownership (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Continue capacity building and training. At present the government is initiating programmes with leasehold forest groups in Gorkha and Tanahu Districts that encourages the establishment hedgerows è Work to mainstream the approach within government programmes)
  • Collaboration helped land users to sustain their efforts (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Continue to build a sense of community between land users)
نقاط الضعف / المساوىء / المخاطر: وجهة نظر مستخدم الأرضكيفية التغلب عليها
نقاط الضعف / المساوىء / المخاطر: وجهة نظر جامع المعلومات أو غيره من الأشخاص الرئيسيين لمصدر المعلوماتكيفية التغلب عليها
  • Difficult to develop common understanding Organized regular learning and sharing to develop common understanding
  • Farmers have only a limited understanding of the skills needed
    Continue to strengthen farmers' groups and continue to mobilize through sharing and learning
  • The approach is resource intensive. Promote savings and credit schemes with farmers' groups. Mobilize farmers' groups so that they can petition other groups and line agencies for resources.
  • Time consuming Work with land users to improve their time management and their ability to plan future activities and delegate responsibilities
  • Few farmers participated during the initial stages Conduct awareness raising activities and promote activities that give some tangible benefits in the short term.

المراجع

جامع المعلومات
  • Shreedip Sigdel
المحررون
المُراجع
  • Fabian Ottiger
تاريخ التوثيق: 20 أغسطس، 2015
اخر تحديث: 8 يوليو، 2017
الأشخاص الرئيسيين لمصدر المعلومات
الوصف الكامل في قاعدة بيانات WOCAT
بيانات الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي المرتبطة
تم تسهيل التوثيق من قِبَل
المؤسسة المشروع
المراجع الرئيسية
  • Building on partnership approaches in participatory identification of integrated agricultural technological packages suitable for sloping land areas (unpublished), Regmi, BR; Aryal, KP; Shrestha, PK; Tamang, BB (2003): LI-BIRD
This work is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareaAlike 4.0 International