Photo Showing Stall Feeding of Friesian Cow to facilitate collecting manure for soil fertility improvement. (Issa Aiga)
Due to land fragmentation and conflicts, traditional grazing systems where animals are reared in open grasslands is no longer feasible and sustainable since grassland is limited and stray animals would destroy neighboring crops. Now small holders with limited land but diversified livelihoods have to utilize the available land in full capacity and sustainable ways. For dairy farmers, stall feeding is an innovative and promising system.
In this practice, a Friesian cow and its calf are confined inside the built stall. The stall has four partitions. A Calf room, milking pallor, feeding and drinking area and sleeping room. Within the feeding area is placed a wooden box of width 0.5m, length 1.5m and height 0.3m; into which feed is put for the animal. A half drum that can hold 80 liters of water is also put inside the feeding area. Both the wooden feeder and half drum are raised to a height of 0.5 m above the ground surface to prevent contamination of the feed with dung and urine; and also ensure efficient feed intake.
The farmer cultivated 1 acre of Napier grass (elephant grass), which provides adequate feed for the demands of the cow (75-100 kg of fresh grass per day). The Napier grass is cut, chopped and put inside the wooden box, while water is fetched from the stream and put into the half drum.
Through this method, the animal movement is restricted. This reduces the exposure to parasites such as ticks, and contagious diseases such as East Coast Fever. This practice also reduces land conflicts that would be caused by stray animals destroying crops of neighbors. The animal does not waste energy to look for pasture and water, hence milk productivity is enhanced. Manure is also deposited within the feeding area and thus easy to collect, decompose and apply in both farmers’ crop and pasture fields. Animals do not need to be attended to, hence farmer has more time to rest and carry out other activities.
However, a lot of labor is required for cutting and chopping the grass, and carrying the feeds and water especially during the dry season. Treatment of animals and maintenance of the stall is costly and if management is poor, parasites and diseases can also build up within the stall. Stall feeding requires feed preservation in the form of fermented pasture (silage) and/or dried pasture (hay); stored and to be used for feeding the animals during dry seasons when pasture is dry and of poor quality.
To sustain this technology, the land users can supplement the feed through cultivating multipurpose tree species (Calliandra spp and Grivellia spp), leguminous forages such as lablab spp and macuna beans. Non-conventional feeds such as kitchen wastes (cassava, sweet potato and banana peelings) can also supplement the cut and carried Napier grass.
الموقع: Northern Region,Uganda, اوغندا
عدد مواقع تنفيذ التقنيةالتي تم تحليلها: موقع واحد
انتشار التقنية: منتشرة بالتساوي على مساحة (approx. < 0.1 كم2 (10 هكتار))
في منطقة محمية بشكل دائم؟:
تاريخ التنفيذ: 2014; منذ أقل من 10 سنوات (مؤخرًا)
نوع التقديم
| تحديد المدخلات | الوحدة | الكمية | التكاليف لكل وحدة (UGX) | إجمالي التكاليف لكل مدخل (UGX) | % من التكاليف التي يتحملها مستخدمو الأراضي |
| العمالة | |||||
| labour for transporting wood and cement | Persons | 25,0 | 5000,0 | 125000,0 | 70,0 |
| Labour for preparing and planting fields | Persons | 45,0 | 5000,0 | 225000,0 | 30,0 |
| Labour for constructing stall | persons | 12,0 | |||
| معدات | |||||
| Hoe | Pieces | 2,0 | 10000,0 | 20000,0 | 100,0 |
| Panga | Pieces | 1,0 | 7000,0 | 7000,0 | 100,0 |
| Spranger | Pieces | 1,0 | 10000,0 | 10000,0 | 100,0 |
| المواد النباتية | |||||
| Elephant grass | bundles | 5,0 | 100000,0 | 500000,0 | 100,0 |
| lab lab | Pieces | 4,0 | 5000,0 | 20000,0 | 100,0 |
| Mucuna | Pieces | 1,0 | 20000,0 | 20000,0 | 100,0 |
| مواد البناء | |||||
| Timber | Pieces | 40,0 | 3000,0 | 120000,0 | 100,0 |
| Cement | bags | 10,0 | 30000,0 | 300000,0 | 100,0 |
| Logs | Pieces | 60,0 | 3000,0 | 180000,0 | 100,0 |
| Nails | kgs | 10,0 | 3500,0 | 35000,0 | 100,0 |
| غير ذلك | |||||
| Grass to thatch the stall | bundles | 24,0 | 2000,0 | 48000,0 | 100,0 |
| إجمالي تكاليف إنشاء التقنية | 1'610'000.0 | ||||
| إجمالي تكاليف إنشاء التقنية بالدولار الأمريكي | 423.35 | ||||
| تحديد المدخلات | الوحدة | الكمية | التكاليف لكل وحدة (UGX) | إجمالي التكاليف لكل مدخل (UGX) | % من التكاليف التي يتحملها مستخدمو الأراضي |
| العمالة | |||||
| Labour on daily basis | Persons | 3,0 | 5000,0 | 15000,0 | 70,0 |
| Hired labour on monthly basis | Persons | 2,0 | 150000,0 | 300000,0 | 30,0 |
| معدات | |||||
| Hoe | Pieces | 10,0 | 10000,0 | 100000,0 | 100,0 |
| Rake | Pieces | 2,0 | 7000,0 | 14000,0 | 100,0 |
| Tauplin | Pieces | 1,0 | 35000,0 | 35000,0 | 100,0 |
| Polythene | Rolls | 1,0 | 25000,0 | 25000,0 | 100,0 |
| المواد النباتية | |||||
| pasture for planting | Bundles | 43,0 | 10000,0 | 430000,0 | 100,0 |
| غير ذلك | |||||
| Pesticides (monthly) | litres | 2,0 | 12000,0 | 24000,0 | 100,0 |
| إجمالي تكاليف صيانة التقنية | 943'000.0 | ||||
| إجمالي تكاليف صيانة التقنية بالدولار الأمريكي | 247.96 | ||||
The area which is under pasture.
0.5 acre improved pasture but lack management.
الكمية قبل الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي: 3 litres of milk per day
الكمية بعد الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي: 10litres of milk per day
Increased milk production.
Additional fodder.
Trees hold soils , are perennial as compared to annuals that need to be planted every year and need less maintenance.
But it has no much effect.
Planting material.
Sale of milk.
More products for sale (grass, milk, manure).
Feeding animal.
Income received from sale of milk is used for buying food.
Especially in savings and credit (SACCO).
Restricted movements of cattle since the ve is only cut and carried to where the animal is fed.
Less tampering with the soil.
Due to application of manure.
No zero grazing.
No bio gas production.
