1.2 تفاصيل الاتصال بالأشخاص الرئيسيين لمصدر المعلومات والمؤسسات المعنية بتقييم وتوثيق النهج

اسم المؤسسة (المؤسسات) التي سهلت توثيق/تقييم النهج (إذا كان ذلك على صلة)

HELVETAS (Swiss Intercooperation)

1.3 الشروط المتعلقة باستخدام البيانات الموثقة من خلال WOCAT

متى تم تجميع البيانات (ميدانيا)؟:

25/08/2015

يوافق جامع المعلومات والشخص (لاشخاص) الرئيسي لمصدر المعلومات على الشروط المتعلقة باستخدام البيانات الموثقة من خلال WOCAT:

نعم

1.4 المراجع الخاصة باستبيان(استبيانات) تقنيات الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي

2.1 وصف موجز للنهج

An approach to community participation in the sustainable management of natural resources

2.2 وصف تفصيلي للنهج

وصف تفصيلي للنهج:

The main objective of the intervention was to reduce the surface run-off and sediment flow from the selected degraded watershed, with soil and water conservation measures through community participation.


Agha Khan Foundation and representatives from the selected Community Development Councils (CDC) surveyed the area and discussed the main land use problems. On the basis of feasibility surveys, potential SLM technologies were identified and implemented. Contour lines were prepared with the help of an A-frame and lime. Several men from Zai Mahmood village were employed as daily wage workers for the technology implementation works. The land users used their own tools for trench excavation. Each worker excavated on an average one trench per day. The daily wage was 250 AFS/USD.

The project was executed over two years. In addition to the structural measures, training and exposure visits for watershed management committee and pasture committee members, reseeding of more areas, tree plantation campaigns and group-based women vegetable farming were realized. Women were employed for seed collection work with cash for work approach. The area was protected from grazing and shrub cutting pressure. Seeds of different fodder varieties and shrubs were also cultivated.

Since the realization of the project in 2008, soil and vegetation cover has improved, people’s knowledge about soil and water conservation has increased, flash floods have been controlled and discharge in the spring located below the watershed has increased by about 40%. AKF continues to support the target communities with community development and institution building. The water-shed work is sustained by a watershed and pasture management committee appointed by the people from three respective CDCs.

The Community-Based Natural Resource Management approach is documented by Sustainable Land Management Project implemented/HELVETAS Swiss Intercooperation which is funded by Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation with close support and cooperation of the Agha Khan Foundation (AKF).
The watershed project was funded by AusAID. The Aga Khan Foundation (AKF) facilitated the implementation by the community. The project was implemented in Zai Mahmood mountain slope area in Zai Mahmood village, Shiber district, Bamyan Province. The village, located downstream from the site, experienced problems such as excessive surface runoff/flash floods, snow avalanches, soil erosion, lack of drinking water, lack of soil moisture at the site.

2.3 صور عن النهج

2.5 البلد/المنطقة/المواقع التي تم تطبيق النهج فيها

2.6 تواريخ بدء وإنهاء تنفيذ النهج

2.7 نوع النهج

• قائم على مشروع/برنامج

2.8 الغايات/الأهداف الرئيسية للنهج

The Approach focused mainly on SLM with other activities (Disaster Risk Reduction, Pasture Improvement, Gender Equity, Income Generation)

Strengthen the capacity (organizational and technical), of the community to: restore their degraded lands, demonstrate multi-purpose soil and water conservation measures, reduce floods and snow avalanches, improve pastures, improve gender equity and the involvement of social disadvantaged groups, employment and income generation

The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: Lack of knowledge in terms of sustainable watershed management; poverty; drought; floods and avalanches

2.9 الظروف التي تمكن أو تعيق تنفيذ التقنية/التقنيات المطبقة بموجب النهج

3.1 أصحاب المصلحة المعنيون بالنهج وأدوارهم

3.2 انخراط مستخدمي الأراضي المحليين/المجتمعات المحلية في المراحل المختلفة للنهج

	انخراط مستخدمي الأراضي المحليين/المجتمعات المحلية	حدد من شارك وصف الأنشطة
المبادرة/التحفيز	تفاعلي	Meetings and Workshops for men and women
التخطيط	تفاعلي	With CDC members, mainly men for watershed works
التنفيذ	الدعم الخارجي	Interactive, Cash for work, Contributions from communities as well
الرصد/التقييم	تفاعلي	Ad hoc observations
Research	تفاعلي	Analyzing technology performance and making adjustments if required

3.3 مخطط التدفق (إذا كان متاحًا)

3.4 اتخاذ القرار بشأن اختيار تقنية/تقنيات الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي

حدد من الذي قرر اختيار التقنية/التقنيات التي سيتم تنفيذها:

• متخصصون في الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي بشكل أساسي، بعد التشاور مع مستخدمي الأراضي

اشرح:

AKF conducted awareness workshops before project implementation.

Decisions on the method of implementing the SLM Technology were made by mainly by land users supported by SLM specialists. land users implemented the technology after receiving guidelines from SLM specialists.

4.1 بناء القدرات/التدريب

هل تم تقديم التدريب لمستخدمي الأراضي / الأطراف المعنيين الآخرين؟:

نعم

حدد من تم تدريبه:

• مستخدمو الأراضي
• موظفون ميدانيون/ مستشارون

شكل التدريب:

• في العمل
• من مزارع إلى مزارع
• مناطق العرض
• اجتماعات عامة

المواضيع المغطاة:

Vegetable farming for women; soil and water conservation; watershed management; pasture management. Training was mainly on-the-job, and awareness was raised through public meetings, site visits and demonstrations.

4.2 خدمة استشارية

هل يملك مستخدمو الأراضي وصولا إلى خدمة استشارية؟:

نعم

وصف/تعليقات:

On-site visits by DAIL (Department of Agriculture, Irrigation and Livestock; Key elements: Pasture management, Site selection

Advisory service is quite adequate to ensure the continuation of land conservation activities; The government or other advisory service is quite adequate to ensure the continuation of land conservation activities although the staff turnover rate in government sector is high. DAIL Bamyan office has the technical capacity but not adequate financial resources.

4.3 تعزيز المؤسسات (التطوير التنظيمي)

هل تم إنشاء أو تعزيز مؤسسات من خلال هذا النهج؟:

• نعم، إلى حد كبير

حدد المستوى (المستويات) التي تم فيها تعزيز أو إنشاء المؤسسات:

• محلي

حدد نوع الدعم:

• مالي
• بناء القدرات/التدريب

اعط مزيدا من التفاصيل:

CDCs and District Development Assembly (DDA) in terms of financial and capacity building of participating

4.4 الرصد والتقييم

هل يشكل الرصد والتقييم جزءا من النهج؟:

نعم

التعليقات:

bio-physical aspects were regular monitored by project staff, land users through measurements; indicators: Biomass before and after
technical aspects were ad hoc monitored by project staff, land users through observations; indicators: growth of saplings, shrubs and fodder grasses (alfalfa)
socio-cultural aspects were ad hoc monitored by project staff, land users through measurements; indicators: Water availablity, food security, income
economic / production aspects were regular monitored by project staff through measurements; indicators: fodder production, income
area treated aspects were ad hoc monitored by project staff through measurements; indicators: areas where technology was applied
no. of land users involved aspects were regular monitored by project staff, land users through measurements; indicators: CDCs and men and women involved
management of Approach aspects were regular monitored by project staff, government, land users through observations; indicators: area protected or not

There were few changes in the Approach as a result of monitoring and evaluation: Women has given some more chances for the participation but still there is long way to go. There were some technology refinements and adjustments in project management.

4.5 البحوث

هل كانت البحوث جزءًا من النهج؟:

نعم

حدد المواضيع:

• علم الاجتماع
• الاقتصاد / التسويق
• علم الايكولوجيا
• تكنولوجيا

أعط تفاصيل إضافية وأشر إلى من قام بالبحوث:

However there are no publications to verify that. Research was carried out on-farm

5.1 الميزانية السنوية لمكون الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي في النهج المذكور

إذا لم تكن الميزانية السنوية الدقيقة معروفة، قم بالإشارة إلى نطاقها:

• 100,000-10,000

التعليقات (على سبيل المثال المصادر الرئيسية للتمويل/الجهات المانحة الرئيسية):

Approach costs were met by the following donors: international: 50.0%; national non-government: 30.0%; local community / land user(s): 20.0%

5.4 الائتمان

هل تم توفير ائتمان في إطار نهج أنشطة الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي؟:

كلا

5.5 حوافز أو وسائل أخرى

هل تم استخدام حوافز أو أدوات أخرى لتشجيع تنفيذ تقنيات الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي؟:

كلا

6.1 آثار النهج

6.2 المحفز الرئيسي لقيام مستخدمي الأراضي بتنفيذ الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي

6.3 استدامة أنشطة النهج

هل يمكن لمستخدمي الأراضي المحافظة على استدامة ما تم تنفيذه من خلال النهج (بدون دعم خارجي)؟:

• غير مؤكد

إذا كان الجواب لا أو غير متأكد، حدد ذلك وعلق عليه:

Although the participating CDCs indicate that they will continue to manage the watershed properly

6.4 نقاط قوة/مزايا النهج

نقاط القوة/ المزايا/ الفرص من وجهة نظر جامع المعلومات أو غيره من الاشخاص الرئيسيين لمصدر المعلومات
Increase in vegetation cover
People knowledge regarding SWC improved
Increase in spring water
Flash flood controlled
Watershed and pasture management committees formed

6.5 نقاط الضعف/ العيوب في المنهج وطرق التغلب عليها

نقاط الضعف/ المساوىء/ المخاطر من وجهة نظر جامع المعلومات أو غيره من الاشخاص الرئيسيين لمصدر المعلومات	كيف يمكن التغلب عليها؟
Disturbance in NRM / soil disturbance	Minimize the soil disturbance, and compact the excavated soil
Increase in mice	Compact the excavated soil, other control measures
Plant growth is slow due to high elevation	Choose adaptable species
No watershed benefit sharing mechanism in place	Benefit mechanism be developed in a participatory way and agreed by the land users and other stakeholders

7.1 طرق جمع/مصادر المعلومات