1.2 تفاصيل الاتصال بالأشخاص الرئيسيين لمصدر المعلومات والمؤسسات المشاركة في تقييم وتوثيق التقنية

اسم المشروع الذي سهّل توثيق/تقييم التقنية (إذا كان ذلك على صلة)

Combating land degradation and biodiversity loss by promoting sustainable rangeland management and biodiversity conservation in Afghanistan

اسم المؤسسة (المؤسسات) التي سهلت توثيق/تقييم التقنية (إذا كان ذلك على صلة)

FAO Afghanistan (FAO Afghanistan) - أفغانستان

1.3 الشروط المتعلقة باستخدام البيانات الموثقة من خلال WOCAT

يوافق جامع المعلومات والشخص (لاشخاص) الرئيسي لمصدر المعلومات على الشروط المتعلقة باستخدام البيانات الموثقة من خلال WOCAT:

نعم

1.4 إعلان بشأن استدامة التقنية الموصوفة

هل التقنية الموصوفة هنا تمثل مشكلة فيما يتعلق بتدهور الأراضي، بحيث لا يمكن إعلانها تقنية مستدامة لإدارة الأراضي؟:

كلا

1.5 الإشارة إلى الاستبيان (الاستبيانات) حول مناهج الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي (موثقة باستخدام WOCAT)

2.1 وصف مختصر للتقنية

تعريف التقنية:

The learning site incorporates several key elements of the technology including a solar-powered water lifting system, three reservoirs and an adopted irrigation system. It features demonstration plots for various initiatives, such as tree planting (walnut, almond, pomegranate and mulberry , the cultivation of fodder (alfalfal Mazari palm) and and medicinal plants (e,g, cumin), and a nursery (walnut) established through the community’s own contributions.

2.2 وصف تفصيلي للتقنية

الوصف:

The site was rich in flora and fauna, but human and animal interference has led to significant degradation. Many indigenous plants have been uprooted, and wildlife has migrated due to the loss of habitat. In response, the community has begun to manage and restore the land through practices like rotational grazing and quarantine measures to combat illegal logging. The degradation of natural resources, particularly forests and rangelands, has significantly impacted local communities in Khost. Many residents rely on these resources for fuel, heating, and grazing livestock. However, challenges such as overgrazing, the uprooting of bushes and shrubs, and deforestation for fuel have led to considerable environmental degradation. The lack of proper management of these natural resources has resulted in consistent flooding, which erodes and pollutes agricultural lands. Additionally, local communities often do not recognize the value of these resources, leading to unsustainable land-use practices. Poverty, ongoing conflicts, political instability, and unemployment have driven residents to cut down trees for sale in local markets to support their livelihoods.
To address these challenges, we conducted a participatory assessment involving local communities and stakeholders, aiming to establish a learning site for sustainable land and forest management practices. Our assessment revealed that many local residents were unaware of sustainable practices or the ecological significance of these resources, contributing to ongoing environmental degradation.
After assessing the natural resources and community needs, we established a learning site for sustainable forest and rangeland management. Feasibility studies helped us identify available water sources, assess community interest, and select suitable land next to forests and rangelands. The site selected is easily accessible, located about 10 kilometers from the main road.
In the initial phase, we installed 26 solar panels on three metal stands, each with a capacity of 400 watts, positioned 200 meters from the water source. At the water source, we installed a 2-inch submersible pump to lift water to the learning site, which encompasses approximately 20 hectares of land across three small hills, each situated 300 meters apart.
We constructed three reservoirs, each with a capacity of 192 cubic meters. The first reservoir is located 300 meters from the water source and is fed by the solar system. A pipe network system utilizing 2-inch pipes connects the water source to the first reservoir and the other two reservoirs. This system allows the reservoirs to supply water to lower fields or demonstration plots via gravity.
In the demonstration plots, a network of pipes was installed every 50 meters, with taps placed accordingly. We established a 20-hectare learning site focused on sustainable forest and rangeland management practices, featuring demonstration plots for reforestation, fodder and medicinal plant production, reseeding, and a forest nursery. The dimensions of these plots include 10 hectares for reforestation, 2 hectares for fodder production, 0.5 hectares for medicinal plants, and 0.1 hectares for the walnut nursery. A total of 3,000 forest species were planted in the reforestation plot, along with alfalfa and Mazari palm in the fodder plots, and black cumin in the medicinal plot.
These plots are irrigated using flexible 1-inch pipes connected to the taps installed every 50 meters. Given Khost Province's favorable weather conditions, the plants require irrigation primarily from April to August; outside of this interval, the irrigation system provides sufficient water to sustain the site. And the site were fenced with barbed wire for protection.
The technology is applied to communal land adjacent to forests and rangelands. It serves as an educational center for the local community, focusing on sustainable landscape restoration and management. A savings box was created, and a Forest and Rangeland Management Association was established. Social funds were set up, along with fencing and hiring guards for the maintenance of the technology.
Key infrastructure was established, including a solar-powered lifting system, constructed reservoirs, and a piping network for irrigation. Various forest species were planted in reforestation plots, while local seeds were planted in fodder and medicinal plots. Additionally, walnut seeds were sown in a nursery for diverse restoration practices. These efforts have revitalized the land. Barbed wire fencing was installed for protection, and the site is now fully operational as a learning site.
The introduction of this technology brought about positive changes in the local community. They have successfully quarantined forest and rangeland, implemented rotational grazing, and collected local seeds and cuttings to plant on degraded lands and riverbanks. Community-based nurseries were also established to transplant seedlings into degraded forest areas, helping to revitalize natural resources.
The local community is optimistic about the technology, particularly the reservoir construction and solar-powered lifting systems that ensure water availability, as well as the restoration techniques employed. However, they expressed concerns about interference from neighbors, livestock grazing, floods that can clog pumps, and damage from hail and windstorms to solar panels.

2.3 صور التقنية

2.4 فيديوهات عن التقنية

2.5 البلد/المنطقة/المواقع التي تم تنفيذ التقنية فيها والتي يغطيها هذا التقييم

2.6 تاريخ التنفيذ

اذكر سنة التنفيذ:

2023

2.7 إدخال التقنية

حدد كيف تم إدخال التقنية:

• من خلال المشاريع/ التدخلات الخارجية

التعليقات (نوع المشروع، الخ):

FAO- GEF-07 Combating land degradation and biodiversity loss by promoting sustainable rangeland management and biodiversity conservation in Afghanistan (GEF7)

3.1 الغرض الرئيسي ( الأغراض الرئيسية) للتقنية

• الحد من تدهور الأراضي ومنعه وعكسه
• الحفاظ على النظام البيئي
• الحفاظ على/تحسين التنوع البيولوجي
• التكيف مع تغير المناخ/الظواهر المتطرفة وآثارها

• serves as educational centre for the local community on sustainable landscape restoration and management

3.2 نوع (أنواع) استخدام الأراضي الحالية حيث يتم تطبيق التقنية

استخدامات الأراضي مختلطة ضمن نفس وحدة الأرض:

نعم

حدد استخدام الأراضي المختلطة (المحاصيل / الرعي / الأشجار):

• الرعي الحرجي

التعليقات:

Due to poor management, the land has been overgrazed. To address this, we established a learning site focused on restoration through various interventions: reforestation, fodder and medicinal plant demonstration plots, and a 50-square-meter nursery for sapling production. The site is protected by fencing to prevent herders from grazing, allowing them to collect fodder instead. Some fodder is left in the field to produce seeds for natural regeneration.
Forest and Rangeland Management Association focuses on:
Local seed collection: Gathering native seeds to enhance biodiversity and ensure ecosystem resilience.
Ecotourism development: Encouraging visitors to explore the sites, fostering appreciation for local flora and fauna while supporting conservation efforts.
Regeneration of native species: Implementing strategies to restore and regenerate various native plant species, which play crucial roles in maintaining ecological balance.
Fodder production for silage: Cultivating high-quality fodder crops that contribute to livestock nutrition and support sustainable agriculture.
Sapling production through nurseries: Establishing nurseries dedicated to growing saplings of native forest species as well as fruit and nut trees, which can be used for reforestation, habitat restoration efforts and generating income.

3.3 هل تغير استخدام الأراضي نتيجة لتنفيذ التقنية؟

هل تغير استخدام الأراضي نتيجة لتنفيذ التقنية؟:

• نعم (يرجى ملء الأسئلة أدناه فيما يتعلق باستخدام الأراضي قبل تنفيذ التقنية)

استخدامات الأراضي مختلطة ضمن نفس وحدة الأرض:

نعم

حدد استخدام الأراضي المختلطة (المحاصيل / الرعي / الأشجار):

• الرعي الزراعي (بما في ذلك الإدارة المتكاملة للمحاصيل والثروة الحيوانية)

التعليقات:

The area is a dry mountainous terrain with natural vegetation including wild olive, mazari palm, hopbush, and grasses. It supports nomadic and semi-nomadic pastoralism, primarily grazing goats, sheep, and cows.

3.4 إمدادات المياه

إمدادات المياه للأرض التي يتم تنفيذ التقنية عليها:

• مختلط بعلي-مروي

التعليقات:

Near the learning site, a gully and springs provide a year-round water source. We have installed a solar-powered lifting system and constructed three reservoirs to distribute water across 20 hectares, including the planted areas and demonstration plots. A network of pipes and taps with flexible hoses ensures efficient water distribution. This water source is exclusively for this site and does not affect neighboring villages or farmers.

3.5 مجموعةالإدارة المستدامة للأراضي التي تنتمي إليها هذه التقنية

• إدارة مزارع الغابات
• تحسين الغطاء الأرضي/النباتي
• إدارة الري (بما في ذلك إمدادات المياه والصرف الصحي)

3.6 التدابير التقنية في مجال إلادارة المستدامة للأراضي

التعليقات:

The whole area 20 hectares have been fenced with barbed wire, under the structure measures, reservoirs have been constructed and dug pits for plants.

3.7 الأنواع الرئيسية من تدهور الأراضي التي تناولتها التقنية

التعليقات:

The local community relies on natural resources for their livelihoods, leading to deforestation, overgrazing, and the uprooting of shrubs and bushes for fuel. Severe runoff, droughts, and climate change have further contributed to environmental degradation.

3.8 منع أو حد أو عكس تدهور الأراضي

تحديد هدف التقنية فيما يتعلق بتدهور الأراضي:

• اصلاح/إعادة تأهيل الأراضي المتدهورة بشدة
• التكيف مع تدهور الأراضي

التعليقات:

An educational center (learning site) has been established on degraded land to enhance the capacity of the local community and other stakeholders about best practices for landscape restoration.

4.1 الرسم الفني للتقنية

4.2 معلومات عامة بخصوص حساب المدخلات والتكاليف

حدد كيفية احتساب التكاليف والمدخلات:

• حسب مساحة تنفيذ التقنية

حدد العملة المستخدمة لحساب التكاليف:

• دولار أمريكي USD

4.3 أنشطة التأسيس

	النشاط	التوقيت (الموسم)
1.	Conduction of survey, feasibility study, and site selection	1st month
2.	Finding of water source	2nd month
3.	Installation of solar power lifting system	4rd month
4.	Construction of reservoirs	5th month
5.	Installation of irrigation piping system	12th-1st month of the year
6.	Saplings delivered by supplier to the site from contracted nurseries	1st-2th month
7.	Planting of saplings	2-3rdmonth
8.	Preparation of two demonstration plots for fodder and medicinal plants	3rd month
9.	Planting of seeds for fodder and medicinal plants	3rd month
10.	Installation of barbed wire fencing for 20 hectares	7-9th month
11.	Ensurance of operation and maintenance of all systems	24th month

4.4 التكاليف والمدخلات اللازمة للتأسيس

	تحديد المدخلات	الوحدة	الكمية	التكاليف لكل وحدة	إجمالي التكاليف لكل مدخل	% من التكاليف التي يتحملها مستخدمو الأراضي
العمالة	Installation of solar system and pipe installation	Person/day	100,0	6,0	600,0
العمالة	Digging pits, plantation and irrigation of Plants	Person/day	453,0	6,0	2718,0	100,0
العمالة	Excavation of foundation	Person/day	80,0	5,0	400,0
العمالة	Preparing demonstration plots for fodder and medicinal plants	Square meter	25000,0	0,13	3250,0	100,0
العمالة	Stone Masonry	Person/day	136,0	6,0	816,0
العمالة	Plastering	Person/day	72,0	5,0	360,0
العمالة	Plain cement concrete	Person/day	57,0	5,0	285,0
العمالة	Plain cement concrete PCC M20	Person/day	390,0	5,0	1950,0
معدات	Entrance Gate	Number	1,0	200,0	200,0
معدات	Solar panel 400W	Sheet	26,0	140,0	3640,0
معدات	Rotating PV panel mount	Number	3,0	350,0	1050,0
معدات	Submersible pump 2 inch (10PH-7500W)	Number	1,0	300,0	300,0
معدات	DC-AC current inverter 7.5-11kw	Number	1,0	200,0	200,0
معدات	Distribution board	Number	1,0	75,0	75,0
معدات	Sign board	Number	3,0	3,0	9,0
معدات	Sign board	Number	1,0	150,0	150,0
المواد النباتية	Walnut	Sapling	2000,0	0,56	1120,0
المواد النباتية	Almond	Sapling	500,0	0,67	335,0
المواد النباتية	Mulberry	Sapling	100,0	0,44	44,0
المواد النباتية	Pomegranate	Sapling	500,0	0,51	255,0
المواد النباتية	Alfalfa seed	Kg	50,0	2,72	136,0
المواد النباتية	Black Cumin seed	Kg	15,0	6,72	100,8
مواد البناء	Tap	Number	30,0	3,0	90,0
مواد البناء	Flexon 1 inch rubberized pipes	Meter	1250,0	2,0	2500,0
مواد البناء	DC current wire	Meter	100,0	2,0	200,0
مواد البناء	AC current wire	Meter	150,0	2,0	300,0
مواد البناء	Polyethylene pipe 1.5 inch	Meter	2000,0	2,0	4000,0
مواد البناء	Polyethylene pipe 2 inch	Meter	780,0	3,0	2340,0
مواد البناء	Polyethylene pipe 3 inch	Meter	300,0	5,0	1500,0
غير ذلك	Delivery to the site	Lump sum	1,0	300,0	300,0
غير ذلك	Galvanized iron pipe 2 inch for pillar	Meter	125,0	5,0	625,0
غير ذلك	Galvanized iron pipe 1.5 inch for bracing	Number	470,0	10,5	4935,0
غير ذلك	Fence	Meter	15,0	25,0	375,0
غير ذلك	Double strand galvanized barbed wire for fencing	Meter	4200,0	0,25	1050,0
إجمالي تكاليف إنشاء التقنية					36208,8
إجمالي تكاليف إنشاء التقنية بالدولار الأمريكي					36208,8

إذا تحمل مستخدم الأرض أقل من 100% من التكاليف، حدد من قام بتغطية التكاليف المتبقية:

FAO

التعليقات:

The land users contributed primarily by digging pits for planting, preparing demonstration plots, and maintaining the system. Additionally, they hired guards to protect the area from disturbances. All other costs associated with the project were covered by the FAO.

4.5 الصيانة/الأنشطة المتكررة

	النشاط	التوقيت/الوتيرة
1.	Removal of sediment from reservoirs	Spring/annually
2.	Safeguarding the site such as solar system, and on-site interventions	All seasons/regular
3.	Repairing solar system & water pump and pipes	Regularly
4.	Demonstration plots maintenance (pest-diseases control, mulching, weeding and Irrigation	Spring & Automn/annually
5.	Replacing dead and dried plants	Feb/two times (1st & 2nd year)
6.	Repairing fencing	Year around

4.6 التكاليف والمدخلات اللازمة للصيانة/للأنشطة المتكررة (سنويًا)

	تحديد المدخلات	الوحدة	الكمية	التكاليف لكل وحدة	إجمالي التكاليف لكل مدخل	% من التكاليف التي يتحملها مستخدمو الأراضي
العمالة	Labour for cleaning the reservoir from sediment annually	Person/day	15,0	5,0	75,0	100,0
العمالة	Hiring guards for safeguarding the site	Person/day	12,0	100,0	1200,0	100,0
العمالة	Fixing pump when needed	Lump sum	1,0	50,0	50,0	100,0
العمالة	Repairing pipes	Lump Sum	1,0	100,0	100,0	100,0
العمالة	Repairing solar panel when required	Lump sum	1,0	1000,0	1000,0	100,0
العمالة	Weed control	Person/day	10,0	5,0	50,0	100,0
العمالة	Integrated Pest Management	Lump sum	1,0	5,0	5,0	100,0
العمالة	Irrigation	Person/day	8,0	50,0	400,0	100,0
المواد النباتية	Saplings	Number	1500,0	0,56	840,0	100,0
المواد النباتية	Local Seed	Kg	15,0	26,0	390,0	100,0
مواد البناء	Barbed wire	meter	3000,0	0,14	420,0	100,0
غير ذلك	Replacing dead and dried plants	Lump sum	1,0	300,0	300,0
إجمالي تكاليف صيانة التقنية					4830,0
إجمالي تكاليف صيانة التقنية بالدولار الأمريكي					4830,0

4.7 أهم العوامل المؤثرة على التكاليف

قدم وصفا لأهم العوامل التي تؤثر على التكاليف:

Construction materials cost

5.1 المناخ

5.2 طوبوغرافيا

وضح ما إذا كانت التقنية مطبقة على وجه التحديد في:

• حالات محدبة أو نتؤات

التعليقات والمواصفات الإضافية بشأن التضاريس:

The site is situated near a forest and rangeland, with a gentle slope of approximately 45 degrees and an elevation of 1,279.49 meters above sea level. Surrounding mountains are covered with wild olive forests.

5.3 التربة

5.4 توافر المياه ونوعيتها

هل تعتبر ملوحة الماء مشكلة؟:

كلا

هل تحدث فيضانات في المنطقة؟:

نعم

الإنتظام:

بشكل عرضي

تعليقات ومواصفات أخرى بشأن نوعية المياه وكميتها:

The water quality meets site requirements; however, seasonal fluctuations occur due to droughts. Floods in the lower gully, carry debris and sediments that can impact the source.

5.5 التنوع البيولوجي

التعليقات والمواصفات الإضافية بشأن التنوع البيولوجي:

The site was rich in flora and fauna, but human and animal interference has led to significant degradation. Many indigenous plants have been uprooted, and wildlife has migrated due to the loss of habitat. In response, the community has begun to manage and restore the land through practices like rotational grazing and quarantine measures to combat illegal logging.

5.6 خصائص مستخدمي الأراضي الذين يطبقون التقنية

5.7 متوسط مساحة الأرض التي يستخدمها مستخدمو الأراضي الذين يطبقون التقنية

5.8 ملكية الأراضي، وحقوق استخدام الأراضي، وحقوق استخدام المياه

ملكية الارض:

• مجتمعي/قروي

حقوق استخدام الأراضي:

• مجتمعي (منظم)

حقوق استخدام المياه:

• مجتمعي (منظم)

هل تعتمد حقوق استخدام الأراضي على نظام قانوني تقليدي؟:

نعم

حدد:

Land use rights in traditional legal systems are generally straightforward, with each family in a village having equal access to natural resources.

التعليقات:

Overall, this traditional approach emphasizes community and family roles in resource management, balancing individual rights with communal responsibilities

5.9 الوصول إلى الخدمات والبنية التحتية

التعليقات:

Due to three to four decades of political conflict, people lack access to essential services and infrastructure. This situation has been largely overlooked, with insufficient attention given to providing these services. Additionally, there has been a lack of budget allocation and support from the government and NGOs. As a result, communities continue to suffer from inadequate resources and infrastructure development.

6.1 الآثار التي أظهرتها التقنية في الموقع

الآثار الاجتماعية والاقتصادية

الإنتاج

توافر المياه ونوعيتها

الدخل والتكاليف

الآثار الاجتماعية والثقافية

الآثار الايكولوجية

دورة المياه / الجريان السطحي

التربة

التنوع البيولوجي: الغطاء النباتي، الحيوانات

الحد من مخاطر المناخ والكوارث

6.2 الآثار التي أظهرتها التقنية خارج الموقع

6.3 تعرض التقنية وحساسيتها لتغير المناخ التدريجي والظواهر المتطرفة/الكوارث المرتبطة بالمناخ (كما يراها مستخدمو الأراضي)

تغير مناخ تدريجي

تغير مناخ تدريجي

	الموسم	زيادة أو نقصان	كيف تتعامل التقنية مع ذلك؟
درجة الحرارة السنوية		انخفاض	ليس جيدا على الاطلاق
هطول الأمطار السنوي		زيادة	ليس جيدا على الاطلاق
هطول الأمطار الموسمية	الصيف	زيادة	ليس جيدا على الاطلاق

الظواهر المتطرفة / الكوارث المرتبطة بالمناخ

الكوارث الجوية

	كيف تتعامل التقنية مع ذلك؟
عاصفة ثلجية محلية	ليس جيدا على الاطلاق

الكوارث المناخية

	كيف تتعامل التقنية مع ذلك؟
موجة حر	ليس جيدا على الاطلاق
جفاف	ليس جيدا على الاطلاق

الكوارث الهيدرولوجية

	كيف تتعامل التقنية مع ذلك؟
فيضان مفاجئ	ليس جيدا على الاطلاق

التعليقات:

Before the implementation of the project land users faced severe challenges, including drought, high temperatures, water scarcity for irrigation, reduced yields, and a lack of winter feed alternatives for livestock.
Following the introduction of sustainable rangeland management and biodiversity conservation, local communities adopted rotational grazing practices and protected forests from cutting, which had previously been their main source of income. As a result, vegetation cover improved, carbon stocks increased, and rainwater began to seep into the ground, recharging the water table, springs, canals, and Karezes. These efforts reulted in a more resilient and productive environment.

6.4 تحليل التكلفة والعائد

كيف يمكن مقارنة العوائد نسبة لتكاليف الإنشاء (من وجهة نظر مستخدمي الأراضي)؟

كيف تتم مقارنة العوائدمع كلفة الصيانة/التكاليف المتكررة (من وجهة نظر مستخدمي الأراضي)؟

6.5 اعتماد التقنية

• 1-10‏%

من بين جميع الذين تبنوا التقنية، كم عدد الذين فعلوا ذلك بشكل تلقائي، أي دون تلقي أي حوافز مادية/مدفوعات؟:

• 10-0‏%

التعليقات:

The adoption of the technology in the specified area has primarily been spontaneous, significantly influenced by the support provided by the project. While a small percentage of land users may have received material incentives, the majority embraced the technology due to its demonstrated benefits and the project's educational efforts. This support helped to build trust and confidence among the land users, enabling them to implement the technology effectively in their practices. Overall, this highlights the importance of community engagement and capacity building in fostering sustainable land management practices.

6.6 التكيف

هل تم تعديل التقنية مؤخرًا لتتكيف مع الظروف المتغيرة؟:

كلا

6.7 نقاط القوة / المزايا / الفرص التي توفرها التقنية

نقاط القوة/ المزايا/ الفرص من وجهة نظر مستخدمي الأراضي
It is crucial for local communities to learn sustainable land and forest restoration techniques. These methods are not only accessible but also involve minimal operational costs. By empowering land users with this knowledge.
We can adopt sustainable land and forest management practices to revitalize our degraded land. This learning process is straightforward and easily applicable.
We have great opportunities and abundant resources to utilize. This area serves as a hub for scaling sustainable practices, allowing us to learn, observe, and implement solutions that will benefit future generations.
We can efficiently use surface water for irrigation instead of groundwater, helping to restore degraded land through these initiatives.
Reduce greenhouse gas emissions through effective carbon sequestration.
Learn regeneration techniques, rainwater harvesting, and grazing management methods like rotational grazing. Focus on producing fodder and medicinal plants, while understanding indigenous plants and shrubs for the future.

نقاط القوة/ المزايا/ الفرص من وجهة نظر جامع المعلومات أو غيره من الاشخاص الرئيسيين لمصدر المعلومات
This site is highly accessible, surrounded by dense forests and extensive rangelands that can be utilized sustainably.
Local community members, university students, and stakeholders can easily visit this site.
This site is an excellent destination for tourists to visit, enjoy, and learn about the importance of natural resources and their management techniques.
The local community can easily adopt these simple techniques to learn sustainable land and forest restoration practices.
The local community has hired guards to maintain the site effectively. They are gaining knowledge and enhancing their capacity for future interventions, contributing positively to development initiatives.

6.8 نقاط ضعف / مساوىء / مخاطر التقنية وسبل التغلب عليها

نقاط الضعف/ المساوىء/ المخاطر من وجهة نظر مستخدم الأراضي	كيف يمكن التغلب عليها؟
Insufficient maintenance and repair services for the technology.	Establishing strong linkages with service providers and maintenance support. This also facilitates nationwide technology transfer, enabling broader adoption and implementation of sustainable practices.
There is a lack of qualified professionals on-site to teach visitors the technical aspects of the technology. This gap hinders effective learning and limits the ability of visitors to fully understand and engage with the technology.	Hire on-farm officers to oversee and manage the learning site and provide information to visitors.
A check dam is required in the gully to store water for sustainability, especially during drought seasons when water availability decreases.	Construct a check dam in the lower section of the gully to store water for sustainability, allowing visitors to learn about water harvesting techniques.
There are currently no available resources for replacing the dead plants.	Establish nurseries for forest species to produce saplings that can replace dead and dried plants in the future.

نقاط الضعف/ المساوىء/ المخاطر من وجهة نظر جامع المعلومات أو غيره من الاشخاص الرئيسيين لمصدر المعلومات	كيف يمكن التغلب عليها؟
There are concerns about windstorms and hail potentially damaging the solar panels.	The local community should establish a social fund to cover repairs for any damage to solar panels caused by windstorms or hail, as well as to fund the installation of fencing around the solar panel stands.
Concerns have arisen regarding land disputes as the local community acts on land distribution amidst a growing population.	All villagers should receive a formal guaranteed letter, signed by the district governor, ensuring that no future actions will be taken to redistribute this site among the villagers.
There is a lack of essential water structures, such as percolation tanks and detention ponds, for effective rainwater harvesting.	Construct percolation tanks and detention ponds to harvest rainwater, which can be used to water livestock. Additionally, this initiative will provide an opportunity to learn and implement dryland farming techniques.
Too much water is wasted through flexible pipe basin irrigation methods. Additionally, required live hedges for fencing and windbreaks.	Install a drip irrigation system with an efficient piping layout and plant pine, poplar, and other trees alongside barbed wire to create a windbreak and a natural barrier for site protection. This will also provide an opportunity to learn various agricultural techniques.

7.1 طرق جمع/مصادر المعلومات

7.2 المراجع للمنشورات المتاحة

العنوان، المؤلف، السنة، النظام القياسي الدولي لترقيم الكتب ISBN:

N/A

7.3 روابط للمعلومات ذات الصلة على الإنترنت

العنوان/الوصف:

N/A

7.4 تعليقات عامة

The questionnaire is well-structured, but some sections, particularly 6.2 and 6.3, need simplification. Additionally, the database should provide outputs during data processing, highlighting both best practices and common mistakes related to the technology. This will help us generate a comprehensive report that showcases effective practices and identifies areas for improvement.