Cash for Work
(Kenia)
Descripción
Giving cash incentives to farmers for them to undertake soil and water conservation
Aims / objectives: Overall purpose of reducing vulnerability to famine and recurrent drought in Mbeere district. Specific objectives were to increase access to cash to meet basic needs of some 2000 most vulnerable households for a period of 4 months and to increase adoption of improved drought tolerant crop varieties for some 2000 most vulnerable households for aperiod of 9 months.
Methods: Methods of delivery were cash for work in construction of SWC structures including rural access road improvement and provision of access to planting seeds, technical knowhow and drought tolerant crop varieties.
Stages of implementation: Stages of implementation were sensitization and awareness creation of key stake holders and land users, Recruitment of technical staff and their training , selection of the beneficiaries and formation of groups ( 10 groups each comprising 20 farmers ) per work site, Election of focal area committees and their training, actual implementation of the agreed activities and finally monitoring and evaluation.
Role of stakeholders: Role of the participants was to provide labour, undertake good crop husbandry practices on the conserved land and participate in meetings, field days and group activities.
Lugar
Lugar: Mbeere Distict In Eastern Province, Kenia
Georreferencia de sitios seleccionados
Dato de inicio: 2000
Año de conclusión: 2002
Tipo de Enfoque
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tradicional/ local
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iniciativa local reciente/ innovadora
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proyecto/ basado en un programa
.
.
Metas del Enfoque y entorno facilitador
Propósitos/ objetivos principales del Enfoque
The Approach focused mainly on SLM with other activities (*Water harvesting for crop productioin *Access roads improvement *Fruit trees establishment *Increased adoption of improved drought tolerant crop varieties)
*Increase access to cash so as to meet basic needs of the most vulnerable households *Consruction of soil and water conservation measures including improvement of access roads in the focal area ( work site ). *Increased adoption of improved drought tolerant crop varieties.
The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: * low land productivity due to soil erosion and drought *Migration of farmers to look for work during drouht speells *Poor access roads * Lack of seeds for improved drought tolerant crop varieties
Condiciones que facilitan la implementación de la/s Tecnología/s aplicadas bajo el Enfoque
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Marco de trabajo legal (tenencia de tierra, derechos de uso de tierra y agua): The existing land ownership, land use rights / water rights greatly helped the approach implementation: Individual land ownership encouraged the farmers to invest on their through various conservation efforts
Condiciones que impiden la implementación de la/s Tecnología/s aplicadas bajo el Enfoque
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Disponibilidad/ acceso a recursos y servicios financieros : migration to look for off farm employment
Treatment through the SLM Approach: cash incentives to make the farmers remain in their farms and do conservation
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Conocimiento de MST, acceso a apoyo técnico: Lack of adquate technical staff to lay out soil and water conservation measures
Treatment through the SLM Approach: Training work site (focal area) farmer commitees to do lay out work ie paraprofessionals.
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Otros: inadequate family labour on the farms
Treatment through the SLM Approach: Organise farmers into conservation groups ie communal work
Participación y roles de las partes interesadas involucradas
Partes interesadas involucradas en el Enfoque y sus roles
¿Qué partes interesadas/ entidades implementadoras estuvieron involucradas en el Enfoque? |
Especifique las partes interesadas |
Describa los roles de las partes interesadas |
usuarios locales de tierras/ comunidades locales |
Working land useres where work is equally divided between men and women |
The programme targeted the resource poor land users ie those that were already receiving food relief from the World food Programme (WFP).
|
ONG |
Diocese of Embu |
|
gobierno nacional (planificadores, autoridades) |
Ministry of agriculture |
|
organización internacional |
Catholic Relief Services (CRS) |
|
Involucramiento de los usuarios locales de tierras/ comunidades locales en las distintas fases del Enfoque
ninguno
pasivo
apoyo externo
interactivo
auto-movilización
iniciación/ motivación
public meetings; Series of work site meetings to explain the programme to the land users
planificación
Mainly: public meetings; partly: workshops/seminars; Workshops for key staholders held and training of the programme staff conducted
implementación
Mainly: casual labour; partly: responsibility for major steps; Wor site committees were responsible for organising the farmers day to day activities
monitoreo y evaluación
Mainly: measurements/observations; partly: public meetings, reporting; Focal area committees were assisting the technical staff in taking measurements compiling reports
Research
on-farm; The mother (16 varieties ) and baby (3 varieties) trials were managed by the farmers
La toma de decisiones en la selección de Tecnología MST
Las decisiones fueron tomadas por
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solamente usuarios de tierras (autoiniciativa)
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principalmente usuarios de tierras con el apoyo de especialistas MST
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todos los actores relevantes, como parte de un enfoque participativo
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principalmente por especialistas MST en consulta con usuarios de tierras
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solo por especialistas MST
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por políticos/ líderes
La toma de decisiones se basa en
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la evaluación de conocimiento MST bien documentado (la toma de decisiones se basa en evidencia)
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hallazgos de investigaciones
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la experiencia personal y opiniones (no documentadas)
Apoyo técnico, fortalecimiento institucional y gestión del conocimiento
Las siguientes actividades o servicios fueron parte del enfoque
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Construcción de capacidades / capacitación
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Servicio de asesoría
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Fortalecimiento institucional (desarrollo institucional)
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Monitoreo y evaluación
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Investigación
Construcción de capacidades/ capacitación
Se proporcionó capacitación a las siguientes partes interesadas
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usuarios de tierras
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personal de campo/ consejeros
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extensionists/trainers
Forma de capacitación
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en el contexto de trabajo
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de agricultor a agricultor
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áreas de demostración
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reuniones públicas
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cursos
Temas avanzados
Methods of soil conservation; Water harvesting for crop production; Lay out of soil conservation structures and tree planting
Servicio de asesoría
Se proporcionó servicio de asesoría
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en los campos de los usuarios de tierras
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en centros permanentes
Name of method used for advisory service: catchment (focal area) approach; Key elements: demonstrations, field days, trial plots and individual farm visits; 1) Mainly: government's existing extension system, Partly: projects own extension structure and agent 2) Mainly: government's existing extension system, Partly: projects own extension structure and agent; Extension staff: mainly government employees 3) Target groups for extension: land users; Activities: lay out work, agroforestry, individual tree nurseries establishment
Advisory service is quite adequate to ensure the continuation of land conservation activities; proramme used the existing extension staff within the focal areas. These staff arec still in place continously delivering extension services
Fortalecimiento institucional
Se fortalecieron/ establecieron instituciones
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no
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sí, un poco
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sí, moderadamente
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sí, mucho
Describa la institución, los roles y las responsabilidades, miembros, etc.
Tipo de apoyo
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financiero
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construcción de capacidades/ entrenamiento
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equipo
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logistical surpport-transport
Detalles adicionales
Monitoreo y evaluación
technical aspects were regular monitored
economic / production aspects were regular monitored
area treated aspects were regular monitored by 0 through measurements; indicators: None
no. of land users involved aspects were None monitored by 0 through None; indicators: None
There were no changes in the Approach as a result of monitoring and evaluation: None
Investigación
La investigación trató los siguientes temas
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sociología
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economía/ marketing
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ecología
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tecnología
adaptive onfarm trials carried out on new drought tolerant crop varieties
Research was carried out on-farm
Financiamiento y apoyo material externo
Presupuesto anual en dólares americanos para el componente MST
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< 2,000
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2,000-10,000
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10,000-100,000
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100,000-1,000,000
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> 1,000,000
Precise annual budget: n.d.
Approach costs were met by the following donors: international non-government (Catholic relief services): 99.0%; local community / land user(s) (Depreciation of farm tools): 1.0%
Los siguientes servicios o incentivos fueron proporcionados a los usuarios de las tierras
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Apoyo financiero/material proporcionado a los usuarios de tierras
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Subsidios para insumos específicos
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Crédito
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Otros incentivos o instrumentos
Apoyo financiero/material proporcionado a los usuarios de tierras
In addition to the cash the land users were given seeds and fruit tree seedlings
parcialmente financiado
totalmente financiado
El trabajo de los usuarios de las tierras fue
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voluntario?
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comida por trabajo?
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pagado en efectivo?
-
recompensado con otro tipo de apoyo material?
Análisis de impacto y comentarios de conclusión
Impactos del Enfoque
No
Sí, un poco
Sí, moderadamente
Sí, mucho
¿El Enfoque ayudó a los usuarios de tierras a implementar y mantener Tecnologías MST?
incorporation of water harvesting techniques in crop production and manure application
¿El Enfoque mejoró cuestiones de tenencia de tierra/ derechos de usuarios que obstaculizaron la implementación de la Tecnologías MST?
Did other land users / projects adopt the Approach?
The approach to spread to several other districts
Motivación principal del usuario de la tierra para implementar MST
Sostenibilidad de las actividades del Enfoque
¿Pueden los usuarios de tierras sostener lo que se implementó mediante el Enfoque (sin apoyo externo)?
Conclusiones y lecciones aprendidas
Fortalezas: perspectiva del usuario de tierras
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training (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: more field days and farmer tours)
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provision of seeds and seedlings (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: setting up of bulking plots and group tree nurseries)
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cash provision (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: intensify production of cash generating enterprises especially fruit trees like mangoes and pawpaws)
Fortalezas: punto de vista del compilador o de otra persona recurso clave
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group approach (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: training of the committees, encourage more group activities and projects)
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involvement and use of locally based extension staff
Debilidades/ desventajas/ riesgos: perspectiva del usuario de tierrascómo sobreponerse
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lack of appropriate tools
provision of suitable tools as the condition of the area dictate
Debilidades/ desventajas/ riesgos: punto de vista del compilador o de otra persona recurso clavecómo sobreponerse
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use of cash as incentive
should be phased out gradually
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low land user involvement in the initial stages
use of participatory methods
Referencias
Fecha de la implementación: 20 de enero de 2009
Últimas actualización: 12 de junio de 2017
Personas de referencia
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Boniface, Mutegi Birichi (pc+changeme1@nalep.co.ke) - Especialista MST
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Joseph Wamuyu - Especialista MST
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Vincent Ireri - Especialista MST
Descripción completa en la base de datos de WOCAT
La documentación fue facilitada por
Referencias claves
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Catchment planning- by E.Mwenda , MOA&RD-Nairobi
Mbeere district development plan 1997-2002: