Multi-stakeholder LandCare process (Sudáfrica)

Multi-stakeholder process, LandCare, Action research

Descripción

A multi-stakeholder approach using action research methodologies to implement conservation agriculture

Aims / objectives: - To develop and diffuse conservation agriculture technologiy
- To develop capacity among stakeholders
- To improve soil health
- To reverse soil degradation

Methods: - Training of trainers, i.e. lead farmers and extension worker
- Awareness events, e.g. farmer days, field days
- On-farm experimentation
- Farmer-to-farmer extension
- Local institutionalization
- Partnerships Monitoring and Evaluation

Stages of implementation: 1. Stakeholder analysis
2. Diagnosis / Situation analysis
3. Planning and design
4. Implementing and management
5. Learning and adopting
6. Exit strategy

Role of stakeholders: Researchers: - facilitators, advisors, trainers, management of trials
Extension worker:- advisors, trainers
Lead farmers: Trainers for other farmers, awarenes builders, on-farm: leaders of farmer managed trials/experiments, facilitators for learning groups

Other important information: Other stakeholders, e.g. input suppliers are also important and need to be involved at various stages and events

Lugar

Lugar: Bergville / Emmaus Ward, South Africa / KwaZulu-Natal, Sudáfrica

Georreferencia de sitios seleccionados
  • n.d.

Dato de inicio: 2000

Año de conclusión: 2006

Tipo de Enfoque

Metas del Enfoque y entorno facilitador

Propósitos/ objetivos principales del Enfoque
The Approach focused on SLM only

Build capacity among key stakeholders Change traditional practices to conservation agriculture practices Build strong local institutions (learning groups) Improve experimental skills Improve soil health

The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: Soil erosion Soil fertility and -acidity Poverty / food security Lack of knowledge and skills Poor / weak local institutions
Condiciones que facilitan la implementación de la/s Tecnología/s aplicadas bajo el Enfoque
  • Marco de trabajo legal (tenencia de tierra, derechos de uso de tierra y agua): The existing land ownership, land use rights / water rights moderately helped the approach implementation: Helped ot introduce grazing system that promotes rotational grazing, which is a major new approach for communal grazing.
Condiciones que impiden la implementación de la/s Tecnología/s aplicadas bajo el Enfoque
  • Disponibilidad/ acceso a recursos y servicios financieros : Lack of capital inputs Treatment through the SLM Approach: Groups save money to buy inputs in bulk
  • Entorno institucional: Poor local institutions, poor leadership Treatment through the SLM Approach: Building capacity in learning groups to learn and adapt / develop leadership / facilitation skills

Participación y roles de las partes interesadas involucradas

Partes interesadas involucradas en el Enfoque y sus roles
¿Qué partes interesadas/ entidades implementadoras estuvieron involucradas en el Enfoque? Especifique las partes interesadas Describa los roles de las partes interesadas
usuarios locales de tierras/ comunidades locales Different cultural roles and attitudes between men and women. Women were better performers in training others; women were easier trained than men
ONG
gobierno nacional (planificadores, autoridades)
organización internacional
Involucramiento de los usuarios locales de tierras/ comunidades locales en las distintas fases del Enfoque
ninguno
pasivo
apoyo externo
interactivo
auto-movilización
iniciación/ motivación
x
Farmers were interviewed during the informal semi-structured survey
planificación
x
implementación
x
Lead farmers were part of implementing team; were responsible for farmer-to-farmer extension
monitoreo y evaluación
x
Were fully involved in most monitoring and evaluation activities
Research
x
Lead farmers were responsible for farmer mangaed trials
Flujograma

Junior Landcare FreeState organogram

Autor: L Lindeque, Pretoria, South Africa (Free State)
La toma de decisiones en la selección de Tecnología MST

Las decisiones fueron tomadas por

  • solamente usuarios de tierras (autoiniciativa)
  • principalmente usuarios de tierras con el apoyo de especialistas MST
  • todos los actores relevantes, como parte de un enfoque participativo
  • principalmente por especialistas MST en consulta con usuarios de tierras
  • solo por especialistas MST
  • por políticos/ líderes

La toma de decisiones se basa en

  • la evaluación de conocimiento MST bien documentado (la toma de decisiones se basa en evidencia)
  • hallazgos de investigaciones
  • la experiencia personal y opiniones (no documentadas)

Apoyo técnico, fortalecimiento institucional y gestión del conocimiento

Las siguientes actividades o servicios fueron parte del enfoque
Construcción de capacidades/ capacitación
Se proporcionó capacitación a las siguientes partes interesadas
  • usuarios de tierras
  • personal de campo/ consejeros
Forma de capacitación
  • en el contexto de trabajo
  • de agricultor a agricultor
  • áreas de demostración
  • reuniones públicas
  • cursos
Temas avanzados

Conservation agriculture principles, communication, visionry, training, value adding

Servicio de asesoría
Se proporcionó servicio de asesoría
  • en los campos de los usuarios de tierras
  • en centros permanentes
Name of method used for advisory service: Multi-stakeholder process using action research; Key elements: Monitoring and evaluation / experiments, Training of farmers, Farmer-to-farmer extension

Advisory service is quite adequate to ensure the continuation of land conservation activities; Have been empowered quite successfully with project
Monitoreo y evaluación
bio-physical aspects were regular monitored through measurements; indicators: Soil health technical aspects were regular monitored through measurements; indicators: Conservation agriculture principles adopted socio-cultural aspects were regular monitored through observations; indicators: Changes in SKA economic / production aspects were regular monitored through measurements; indicators: Yield & gross margin area treated aspects were regular monitored through observations; indicators: Area no. of land users involved aspects were regular monitored through measurements; indicators: Number of farmers trained management of Approach aspects were None monitored through measurements; indicators: Number of farmers using tools for adaptive management There were many changes in the Approach as a result of monitoring and evaluation: Monitoring and evaluation was the main methodology used to induce change to focus, improve and integrate project management. Land users learned to use monitoring and evaluation tools to improve their learning in groups as well as their adaptive management capacity.
Investigación
La investigación trató los siguientes temas
  • sociología
  • economía/ marketing
  • ecología
  • tecnología

Action research through monitoring and evaluation; applied at different levels; used various tools and technologies to apply it. Action research was used to improve, focus and integrate project strategies

Research was carried out on-farm

Financiamiento y apoyo material externo

Presupuesto anual en dólares americanos para el componente MST
  • < 2,000
  • 2,000-10,000
  • 10,000-100,000
  • 100,000-1,000,000
  • > 1,000,000
Precise annual budget: n.d.
Approach costs were met by the following donors: government (LandCare programme,90%, Research programme 10%): 100.0%
Los siguientes servicios o incentivos fueron proporcionados a los usuarios de las tierras
  • Apoyo financiero/material proporcionado a los usuarios de tierras
  • Subsidios para insumos específicos
  • Crédito
  • Otros incentivos o instrumentos
Apoyo financiero/material proporcionado a los usuarios de tierras
parcialmente financiado
totalmente financiado
equipo: maquinaria

x
equipo: maquinaria: herramientas

x
agrícola: semillas

x
agrícola: semillas: fertilizantes

x

El trabajo de los usuarios de las tierras fue

Análisis de impacto y comentarios de conclusión

Impactos del Enfoque
No
Sí, un poco
Sí, moderadamente
Sí, mucho
¿El Enfoque ayudó a los usuarios de tierras a implementar y mantener Tecnologías MST?

Conservation agriculture pronciples: no-till, mulching, multiple cropping, using special implements

x
Did other land users / projects adopt the Approach?

Aim is to scale-out approach to other projects/ programmes.

x
Motivación principal del usuario de la tierra para implementar MST
Sostenibilidad de las actividades del Enfoque
¿Pueden los usuarios de tierras sostener lo que se implementó mediante el Enfoque (sin apoyo externo)?

Conclusiones y lecciones aprendidas

Fortalezas: perspectiva del usuario de tierras
  • Have higher level of knowledge and skills (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Through experimentation, communication forums, field days, training courses)
  • Better contact with outside stakeholders - improved networks (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Frequent stakeholder forums)
  • Higher status of lead farmers and their groups (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Continuous contact and use of lead farmers' experience and capacity)
  • Improved food security through collective action (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Monitoring and evaluation of sustainable land management practices)
  • Improved communication between land users (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Frequent local action forums)
Fortalezas: punto de vista del compilador o de otra persona recurso clave
  • Empower key stakeholders (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Frequent stakeholder forums / meetings / workshops)
  • Help people 'learn how to learn' (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Provide them with learning tools (monitoring and evaluation) and skills)
  • Promote a culture of adoptive management (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Build their capacity through monitoring and evaluation tools and processes)
  • Develop a capacity to experiment among farmers (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Facilitate and promote experiments through agricultural research)
  • Develop self-reliant local institutions and leadership (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Develop local capacity to lead and facilitate learning groups)
Debilidades/ desventajas/ riesgos: perspectiva del usuario de tierrascómo sobreponerse
Debilidades/ desventajas/ riesgos: punto de vista del compilador o de otra persona recurso clavecómo sobreponerse

Referencias

Compilador
  • Hendrik Johannes Smith
Editors
Revisado por
  • Fabian Ottiger
Fecha de la implementación: 20 de abril de 2009
Últimas actualización: 18 de junio de 2017
Personas de referencia
Descripción completa en la base de datos de WOCAT
Datos MST vinculados
La documentación fue facilitada por
Institución Proyecto
Referencias claves
  • Amt für Landwirtschaft und Natur des Kantons Bern LANAT, Ruetti, 3052 Zollikofen. Kanton Bern fördert Ressourcen schonenden Ackerbau.AGRARForschung 14 (3): 128-133, 2007: http://www.vol.be.ch/site/lanat-3155-mbressourcen.pdf
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