The tabia technology is similar to the jessour system but is used in the gently-sloping foothill and piedmont areas. It is considered to be a relatively new technique, developed by mountain dwellers who migrated to the plains. Tabias, like jessour, comprise an earthen dyke (50-150 m in length, 1-2 m in height), a spillway (central and/or lateral) and an associated water harvesting area. The ratio between the area where water is applied (cropped area) and the total area from which water is collected varies from 1:6 to 1:20. The differences between the tabia and the jessour systems are that the former contains two additional lateral bunds (up to 30 m long) and sometimes a small flood diversion dyke (mgoud). Small tabia are constructed manually using shovels, pickles and carts. Larger constructions are done mechanically using tractors and bulldozers.
Purpose of the Technology: Tree products and annual crops are commonly grown using tabia. Besides their water harvesting qualities, tabias also have a positive effect on soil erosion and groundwater recharge.
Natural / human environment: The tabia runoff-water harvesting technique is widely practised in central Tunisia. Tabias are usually installed on the piedmont, where the slope does not exceed 3% and where the soil is relatively deep. Ancient remnants of tabias have been found in the region of Gafsa (south west Tunisia). The system has been adopted by people living in the neighbouring foothills and plains of the central and southeastern regions (Jeffara) of the country, following the transformation of their pasture to cultivated fields.
Lugar: Medenine nord, Medenine, Tunisia
No. de sitios de Tecnología analizados:
Difusión de la Tecnología: distribuida parejamente sobre un área (approx. 10-100 km2)
¿En un área de protección permanente?:
Fecha de la implementación: 10-50 años atrás
Tipo de introducción
Especifique insumo | Unidad | Cantidad | Costos por unidad (TND) | Costos totales por insumo (TND) | % de los costos cubiertos por los usuarios de las tierras |
Mano de obra | |||||
Labour | ha | 1,0 | 500,0 | 500,0 | 100,0 |
Material de construcción | |||||
ha | 1,0 | 170,0 | 170,0 | 100,0 | |
Costos totales para establecer la Tecnología | 670.0 | ||||
Costos totales para establecer la Tecnología en USD | 515.38 |
Especifique insumo | Unidad | Cantidad | Costos por unidad (TND) | Costos totales por insumo (TND) | % de los costos cubiertos por los usuarios de las tierras |
Mano de obra | |||||
Labour | ha | 1,0 | 150,0 | 150,0 | 100,0 |
Material de construcción | |||||
ha | 1,0 | 50,0 | 50,0 | 100,0 | |
Indique los costos totales para mantenecer la Tecnología | 200.0 | ||||
Costos totales para mantener la Tecnología en USD | 153.85 |