Breve descripción de la práctica óptima

Ngitiri or enclosure is an indigenous silvopastoral system practised by Sukuma people in Shinyanga region. It involves the conservation of grazing lands supplemented by tree planting; protects the soil, reclaims degraded lands and provides fodder and other woody, non-woody products to communities.|

Lugar

Shinyanga region.

Si el lugar tiene límites bien definidos, especifique su extensión en hectáreas:

5.0

Población estimada que vive en el lugar:

2800000.0

Breve descripción del entorno natural en el lugar especificado

The Eastern part of the region is dominated by heavy black clay soils with areas of red loam and sandy soil. Most of the Shinyanga region is dry flat lowland thus its agro- economic zones are not well pronounced as it is with some regions in the country.
The topography of Shinyanga region is characterized by flat, gently undulating plains covered with low sparse vegetation. The North- Western and North- Eastern parts of the region are covered by natural forests which are mainly miombo woodland. |
Shinyanga region has a tropical type of climate with clearly distinguished rainy and dry seasons. Average temperature for the region is about 280 C. The region experience rainfall of 600mm as minimum and 900 mm as maximum per year. The region has two seasons a year.

Condiciones socioeconómicas imperantes de los habitantes del lugar o las proximidades

The population is devided into low to medium Income levels.
Agriculture; Livestock keeping; Petty trade; and Artisanal Mining  
Customary and Lease land rights;
Communal land use rights.

¿En base de qué criterios o indicadores (no relacionados con la Estrategia) se ha considerado la práctica propuesta y la tecnología correspondiente como ‘óptima’?

i. It has demonstrated effectiveness in reclaiming degraded lands;
ii. It supplies forage/fodder during dry season;
iii. It is used as a source of woodfuels, plant medicines;
iv. It is used as a source of income by selling forage/fodder and fuelwood; and
v. It improves the micro-climate conditions.|

Principales problemas que trata la práctica óptima

i. Shortage of fodder/forage;
ii. shortage of fuelwood;
iii. Low Income and
iv. Land degradation.

Explique los problemas específicos de la degradación de las tierras que trata la práctica óptima.

i. Soil erosion;
ii. Deforestation;
iii. Overgrazing;
iv. Water runoff;
v. Soil infertility and
vi. Adverse micro-climate conditions.

Especifique los objetivos de la práctica óptima.

i. Restoration of degraded lands
ii. Increased supply of fodder/forage
iii. Improved household fuel supply
iv. Improved income levels.

Breve descripción de las principales actividades, por objetivo

Improved Income levels.
Selling of fodder/forage and fuelwood.
Increased Supply of fodder/forage.
Restricting grazing of the Ngitiri during the rain season.|Using the Ngitiri during the dry season only.
Restoration of degraded lands:-
Identification of degraded lands, suitable for Ngitiri project.
|Restricting the use of identified area|Planting of multipurpose trees.
Improved household fuel supply.
Controlled harvesting of multipurpose and regeneration trees.

Breve descripción y especificaciones técnicas de la tecnología

NA
NA.

Describa los impactos in situ (los dos principales impactos por categoría).

The selling of woody and non-woody products from Ngitiri leads to improved income levels. In addition the availability of fuelwood in Ngitiri areas contribute to the saving on time used for fuelwood collection.
The restriction on use of Ngitiri and planting of trees leads to the regeneration of natural vegetation that leades to improved biodiversity and supply of woody and non-woody products
Regeneration of vegetation in Ngitiri areas leads to improved vegetation cover which in turn restores degraded lands. As a result of this, soil erosion is reduced and micro climate improved.|

Describa los dos principales impactos fuera del lugar (por ejemplo, que no se registran en el lugar, pero sí en las zonas próximas).

The improved vegetation cover in Ngitiri can lead to reduced sedimentation of water bodies found in the area due to reduced soil erosion.

Impacto en la diversidad biológica y el cambio climático

Justifíquelo:

it impacts on biodiversity due to the regeneration of vegetation cover. The regenerated vegetation cover and planted trees improves the biodiversity of the area.
Increase in carbon stock due to tree planting and regeneration of vegetation which restores both above and ground carbon.

¿Se ha elaborado un análisis costo-beneficio?

¿Se ha elaborado un análisis costo-beneficio? :

Sí

Especifique:

At a 10% discount rate, CBA shows a +ve PV. A multiplier effect generated through improvement of security for social services and of Sustainable Land Use Management was observed. The total monthly value of benefits per person is est. at USD 14, surpasing the national av. rate of USD 8.5. |

¿La tecnología se difundió o introdujo en otros lugares?

¿La tecnología se difundió o introdujo en otros lugares? :

No

¿Puede identificar las tres principales condiciones para el éxito de la práctica óptima/tecnología presentada?

Higly motivated households.
Shinyanga region has a serious shortage of grazing areas during dry season. Ngitiri system was developed by the local communities on their own in order to increase fodder/forage during the dry season. This factor did contribute significantly to the success of the system.

Replicabilidad

¿En su opinión, la práctica óptima/la tecnología que ha propuesto se puede reproducir en cualquier otro lugar con un cierto nivel de adaptación?

Sí

¿A qué nivel?

• Local
• Subnacional

En relación con los recursos humanos

Ngitiri has shown that when individuals are determined and committed, they can solve their own problems using local solutions.  |

En relación con los aspectos financieros

Not every Land degradation problem requires high input of financial resources to overcome it.

En relación con los aspectos técnicos

TK has a a potential to contribute in solving DLDD related problems.