Enfoques

Palayamanan: Climate Change Adaptation Strategy for Lowland Ecosystem [Filipinas]

Palayamanan

approaches_1972 - Filipinas

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1. Información general

1.2 Detalles de contacto de las personas de referencia e instituciones involucradas en la evaluación y la documentación del Enfoque

Persona(s) de referencia clave/s

Especialista MST:
Especialista MST:

Corales Dr.Rizal G.

rg.corales@philrice.gov.ph

Philippine Rice Research Institute

Science City of Munoz

Filipinas

Especialista MST:

Baradi Dr. Mary Ann U.

Philippine Rice Research Institute

Batac City

Filipinas

Nombre del proyecto que facilitó la documentación/ evaluación del Enfoque (si fuera relevante)
Decision Support for Mainstreaming and Scaling out Sustainable Land Management (GEF-FAO / DS-SLM)
Nombre de la(s) institución(es) que facilitaron la documentación/ evaluación del Enfoque si fuera relevante)
Department of Agriculture-Region VIII (DA-8) - Filipinas

1.3 Condiciones referidas al uso de datos documentados mediante WOCAT

¿Cuándo se compilaron los datos (en el campo)?

10/03/2016

El compilador y la/s persona(s) de referencia claves aceptan las condiciones acerca del uso de los datos documentados mediante WOCAT :

1.4 Referencia/s al/los Cuestionario(s) de Tecnologías MST

2. Descripción del Enfoque MST

2.1 Breve descripción del Enfoque

Synergistic mix of farming ventures implemented by the farm family based on the existing environment and their resources to address food security, income instability, and sustainability.

2.2 Descripción detallada del Enfoque MST

Descripción detallada del Enfoque MST:

The objectives of the approach are the following: to improve resources allocation; to enhance biodiversity and ecological balance; to reduce production risks; and to increase cropping intensity, productivity, profitability, and economic stability. It also includes continuous food supply and higher income for land users. With Palayamanan, the farm is not just intended for rice. It is about food security, livelihood and empowering farmers to become better decision makers and resilient to climate change. It also aims to develop land users to become farmer-researchers, extension workers and entrepreneurs.

Methods: Participatory approach with the stakeholders/land users.

Implementation comprised the following stages: (1) Selection of the demonstration sites an farmer-partners; (2) Conduct participatory rapid appraisal on the sites; (3) Planning; (4) Conduct of training for the farmers (Farmers Field School) and for the Agricultural Extension Workers; (5) Establishment of the demonstration farm; (6) Monitoring and Evaluation; and (7) Human Resource Development for Farmers (to become farmer-researcher, extension worker, entrepreneur)

Stakeholders: A. Philippine Rice Research Institute (PhilRice): take the lead in the implementation of the program; facilitate the conduct of training;provide technical assistance to the program; and monitor the progress of the program.
B. Local Government Unit (Agriculture Office): provide support to the activities of the program; spearhead the dissemination and expansion of the program within their concerned municipality.
C. Farmer: participate in various activities of the program from planning to establishment; conduct on-site researches.

The approach introduced a systematized method of farm management involving technologies and practices to utilize available resources without compromising human health and environment. Some of the technologies incorporated under this approach are the following: crop rotation, aquaculture, waste recycling, diversified cropping, alternate wetting and drying, nutrient management, and integrated pest management.

2.3 Fotos del Enfoque

2.5 País/ región/ lugares donde el Enfoque fue aplicado

País:

Filipinas

Región/ Estado/ Provincia:

San Nicolas, Dingras, Currimao, Ilocos Norte

2.6 Fechas de inicio y conclusión del Enfoque

Indique año del inicio:

2001

Año de conclusión (si el Enfoque ya no se aplica):

2009

Comentarios:

Introduced by the Philippine Rice Research Institute (PhilRice)

2.7 Tipo de Enfoque

  • proyecto/ basado en un programa

2.8 Propósitos/ objetivos principales del Enfoque

The objectives of the approach are the following: to improve resources allocation; to enhance biodiversity and ecological balance; to reduce production risks; to increase cropping intensity, productivity, profitability, and economic stability. It also includes continuous food supply and higher income for land users. With Palayamanan, the farm is not just intended for rice. It is about food security, livelihood and empowering farmers to become better decision makers and resilient to climate change.It also aims to develop land users to become farmer-researchers, extension workers and entrepreneurs.

2.9 Condiciones que facilitan o impiden la implementación de la/s Tecnología/s aplicadas bajo el Enfoque

disponibilidad/ acceso a recursos y servicios financieros
  • facilitan

Organized the League of Sangguniang Bayan Chairperson for Agriculture to ensure the source of finance for the expansion areas

entorno institucional
  • facilitan

LGUs were involved and invited during training, seminars and other activities related to the Palayamanan during the implementation to gain their support in the sustainability of the program; Organization of farmers association.

conocimiento de MST, acceso a apoyo técnico
  • facilitan

capacity building and training such as conduct of Farmers Field School.

3. Participación y roles de las partes interesadas involucradas

3.1 Partes interesadas involucradas en el Enfoque y sus roles

  • usuarios locales de tierras/ comunidades locales
  • especialistas MST/consejeros agrícolas
  • gobierno local

Local Government Unit

3.2 Involucramiento de los usuarios locales de tierras/ comunidades locales en las distintas fases del Enfoque
Involucramiento de los usuarios locales de tierras/ comunidades locales Especifique quién se involucró y describa las actividades
iniciación/ motivación pasivo land users were informed about the program through technical briefing/consultation meetings
planificación interactivo PhilRice in consultation with the land users and LGUs
implementación interactivo Land users have the option on what technologies they will implement with the technical assistance of PhilRice
monitoreo y evaluación interactivo farm record keeping, testimonial during field day and Palayamanan Congress, land user as correspondent during project monitoring
research interactivo land users developed their own on-site research; they presented the results in a research study paper contest during Palayamanan Congress

3.3 Flujograma (si estuviera disponible)

Descripción:

PhilRice introduced and implemented the Palayamanan to one barangay per municipality. The concerned Local Government Unit through its Agriculture Office is responsible to radiate and expand the program to other barangays.

3.4 La toma de decisiones en la selección de Tecnología(s) MST

Especifique quién decidió la selección de las Tecnología/ Tecnologías a implementarse:
  • principalmente usuarios de tierras con el apoyo de especialistas MST

4. Apoyo técnico, fortalecimiento institucional y gestión del conocimiento

4.1 Construcción de capacidades / capacitación

¿Se proporcionó la capacitación a usuarios de tierras/ otras partes interesadas?

Especifique quién fue capacitado:
  • usuarios de tierras
  • personal de campo/ consejeros
  • Agricultural Extension Workers
Forma de capacitación:
  • en el contexto de trabajo
  • de agricultor a agricultor
  • áreas de demostración
  • reuniones públicas
Temas avanzados:

Farmers Field School (FFS) were conducted to capacitate and inform the land users on various farming technologies (i.e. fertilizer, crop, water, and pest management) and entrepreneurship. Training also incorporated topics on post harvest and farm record keeping. There were also training of trainers (TOT) for farmers on rice production and other crops.

4.2 Servicio de asesoría

¿Los usuarios de tierras tienen acceso a un servicio de asesoría?

Especifique si servicio proporcionado se realizó:
  • en centros permanentes
Describa/ comentarios:

Advisory through Radio Program, Farmers served as correspondents

4.3 Fortalecimiento institucional (desarrollo institucional)

¿Se establecieron o fortalecieron instituciones mediante el Enfoque?
  • sí, moderadamente
Especifique el nivel o los niveles en los que se fortalecieron o establecieron las instituciones:
  • local
Describa la institución, roles y responsabilidades, miembros, etc.

The local government was not supportive in the early stage of the program but after witnessing the positive impact in the agricultural sector, they started to finance the establishment of training centers in the barangays. Agricultural technicians from the LGU were active in the sustainability of the program.

Especifique el tipo de apoyo:
  • financiero
  • construcción de capacidades/ entrenamiento
  • equipo

4.4 Monitoreo y evaluación

¿El monitoreo y la evaluación forman parte del Enfoque?

Si respondió que sí, ¿la documentación se utilizará para monitoreo y evaluación?

No

4.5 Investigación

¿La investigación formó parte del Enfoque?

Especifique los temas:
  • economía/ marketing
  • ecología
  • tecnología
Proporcione detalles adicionales e indique quién hizo la investigación:

Researches were conducted bu the Philippine Rice Research Institute (PHILRICE)

5. Financiamiento y apoyo material externo

5.1 Presupuesto anual para el componente MST del Enfoque

Si no se conoce el presupuesto anual preciso, indique el rango:
  • 2,000-10,000
Comentarios (ej. fuentes principales de financiamiento/ donantes principales):

PhilRice 50%, LGU 20%, Farmers' association 30%

5.2 Apoyo financiero/material proporcionado a los usuarios de tierras

¿Los usuarios de tierras recibieron financiamiento/ apoyo material para implementar la Tecnología/ Tecnologías? :

Si respondió sí, especifique el tipo o los tipos de apoyo, condiciones y proveedor(es) :

Subsidies from the government were given in terms of seedlings,training, tools and equipment.

5.3 Subsidios para insumos específicos (incluyendo mano de obra)

  • equipo
Especifique qué insumos se subsidiaron En qué grado Especifique los subsidios
herramientas parcialmente financiado
  • agrícola
Especifique qué insumos se subsidiaron En qué grado Especifique los subsidios
semillas parcialmente financiado
fertilizantes parcialmente financiado
  • infraestructura
Especifique qué insumos se subsidiaron En qué grado Especifique los subsidios
greenhouse, training center totalmente financiado
Si la mano de obra de usuarios de tierras fue un insumo sustancial, ¿fue:
  • voluntario?

5.4 Crédito

¿Se proporcionó crédito bajo el Enfoque para actividades MST?

Especifique las condiciones (tasa de interés el apoyo, amortización, etc.):

Credit was provided in terms of agricultural inputs (seeds and fertilizers) and is paid in cash after harvest. This payment will serve as revolving fund of the farmers association.

Especifique los destinatarios del crédito :

Credit receivers are land users covered under the approach.

5.5 Otros incentivos o instrumentos

¿Se usaron otros incentivos o instrumentos para promover la implementación de Tecnologías MST?

No

6. Análisis de impacto y comentarios de conclusión

6.1 Impactos del Enfoque

¿El Enfoque ayudó a los usuarios de tierras a implementar y mantener Tecnologías MST?
  • No
  • Sí, un poco
  • Sí, moderadamente
  • Sí, mucho

There was a shift in the cropping system from mono cropping to diversified cropping resulted in the improvement soil properties. Through the approach, location specific rice-based farming technologies were developed to address the issue on climate change.

¿El Enfoque empoderó a grupos en desventaja social y económica?
  • No
  • Sí, un poco
  • Sí, moderadamente
  • Sí, mucho

Farmers were trained as extension workers to serve as resource speaker in training other farmers within their municipality. Through this, their confidence and self esteem, specially, in dealing with other people were developed. The approach introduced cost-saving and yield-enhancing technologies to optimize the farm operation.

¿El Enfoque resultó en mejor seguridad alimentaria/ mejoró la nutrición?
  • No
  • Sí, un poco
  • Sí, moderadamente
  • Sí, mucho

The approach provided knowledge, as well as, experience to the land users that was eventually applied in improving their farming system to increase their farm production and income. Diversified farming sustain the farmer's food requirement and also generate income from the different crops and animals grown.

Did other land users / projects adopt the Approach?
  • No
  • Sí, un poco
  • Sí, moderadamente
  • Sí, mucho

Seventy percent (70%) of the land users within the area adopted the program because of the successful initial program implementation in the locality.

Did the Approach lead to improved livelihoods / human well-being?
  • No
  • Sí, un poco
  • Sí, moderadamente
  • Sí, mucho

Some of the land users who practice Palayamanan, namely Teresita Allado and Honorio Dela Cruz Jr., were named as farmer-scientists or “magsasaka-siyentista”. Due to this approach, other programs from government and non-government agencies were introduced and given to the land users. In addition, diversified cropping was practiced thus increasing the income of farmers which was used in the construction of their homes, buying of livestock and acquiring additional land for farming. Land users increased their risk taking ability or investing capacity towards farming.

6.2 Motivación principal del usuario de la tierra para implementar MST

  • producción incrementada
  • incremento de la renta(bilidad), proporción mejorada de costo-beneficio
  • well-being and livelihoods improvement

6.3 Sostenibilidad de las actividades del Enfoque

¿Pueden los usuarios de tierras sostener lo que se implementó mediante el Enfoque (sin apoyo externo)?
Si respondió que sí, describa cómo:

The approach would continue without the support from Philippine Rice Research (PhilRice) since the technologies were successfully transferred to the land users. The land users or farmer-partners recognized the positive impact and outcome of the technologies in their own farm areas. Moreover, farmer-partners were actively involved in the dissemination on the developed location-specific technologies.

6.4 Fortalezas/ ventajas del Enfoque

Fuerzas/ ventajas/ oportunidades desde la perspectiva del usuario de la tierra
Farmers' receptiveness to the technologies under the approach.
Land users were empowered due to the participatory approach of the program.They developed location specific technologies and practices and are confident in disseminating the knowledge to fellow farmers.
Fuerzas/ ventajas/ oportunidades desde la perspectiva del compilador o de otra persona de referencia clave
Research studies conducted by the farmers.
Good monitoring activity during the implementation stage of the program.
Land users/farmer-partners were empowered since they have the option on what technologies they want to apply/used in their farm.
Strong cooperation among the implementing partners including PhilRice, LGUs, and farmer-partners in the sustainability of the approach through provision of technical assistance, construction of training centers, subsidy in agricultural inputs and other activities related to Palayamanan.

6.5 Debilidades/ desventajas del Enfoque y formas de sobreponerse a ellos

Debilidades/ desventajas/ riesgos desde la perspectiva del compilador o de otra persona de referencia clave ¿Cómo sobreponerse a ellas?
Not fully strong collaboration from other agencies Develop convergence among concerned specialists and agencies
Sustaining the farmer’s participation/attention Selection/Assessment for identifying the potential beneficiaries
Inability to monitor the sustainability of the project due to no funding Institutionalize who will monitor the sustainability of the project
No approved budget for the sustainability/exit plan of the program Institutionalize who will monitor the sustainability of the project

7. Referencias y vínculos

7.1 Métodos/ fuentes de información

  • visitas de campo, encuestas de campo
  • entrevistas con usuarios de tierras

7.2 Referencias a publicaciones disponibles

Título, autor, año, ISBN:

PALAYAMANAN: A RICE-BASED FARMING SYSTEMS MODEL FOR SMALL-SCALE FARMERS, RG CORALES et al, 2005

¿Dónde se halla disponible? ¿Costo?

http://www.cabi.org/gara/FullTextPDF/2009/20093019315.pdf

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