Common Interest Group Approach in Watershed Development [India]
- Creación:
- Actualización:
- Compilador: Philippe Zahner
- Editor: –
- Revisor: Fabian Ottiger
approaches_2366 - India
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Expandir todo Colapsar todos1. Información general
1.2 Detalles de contacto de las personas de referencia e instituciones involucradas en la evaluación y la documentación del Enfoque
Especialista MST:
Nombre de la(s) institución(es) que facilitaron la documentación/ evaluación del Enfoque si fuera relevante)
Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (DEZA / COSUDE / DDC / SDC) - Suiza1.3 Condiciones referidas al uso de datos documentados mediante WOCAT
El compilador y la/s persona(s) de referencia claves aceptan las condiciones acerca del uso de los datos documentados mediante WOCAT :
Sí
1.4 Referencia/s al/los Cuestionario(s) de Tecnologías MST
Diversion Weir [India]
Diversion weir is a masonary check dam constructed across a perinnial or semi perinnial stream to divert the runoff water into land users field for irrigation.
- Compilador: Niranjan Sahu
2. Descripción del Enfoque MST
2.1 Breve descripción del Enfoque
Group is formed based on a common interest such as irrigation to their fileds from the diversion weir.
2.2 Descripción detallada del Enfoque MST
Descripción detallada del Enfoque MST:
Aims / objectives: 1. To creat village level organisation so that post project maintenance is ensured. 2. To encourage community participation in the programme. 3. To ensure equi-distribution of benefits.
Methods: Common Interest group implements the programme, mobilising resources from the watershed committee.
Stages of implementation: 1. Site selection. 2. Layout. 3. Foundation. 4. Construction of Superstructure. 5. Earthen embankment and guidebunds construction. 6. Turfing. 7. Construction of irrigation channel. 8. User's contribution during the process of implementation.
2.3 Fotos del Enfoque
2.5 País/ región/ lugares donde el Enfoque fue aplicado
País:
India
Región/ Estado/ Provincia:
Orissa
Map
×2.6 Fechas de inicio y conclusión del Enfoque
Indique año del inicio:
2005
Año de conclusión (si el Enfoque ya no se aplica):
2010
2.7 Tipo de Enfoque
- proyecto/ basado en un programa
2.8 Propósitos/ objetivos principales del Enfoque
The Approach focused mainly on SLM with other activities (Cropping system, Irrigation)
Oranise community into common interest group; build their capacity, provide financial support and guide them to implement their own programme in a participatory manner so that the post project sustainability is ensured and the benefits from the project reaches to the right people with right propertion.
The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: natural calamity(drought); Poverty;Illiteracy; Sustainability in agriculture production, Poor socio economic conditio of the people
2.9 Condiciones que facilitan o impiden la implementación de la/s Tecnología/s aplicadas bajo el Enfoque
normas y valores sociales/ culturales/ religiosos
- impiden
Do not unite to solve a problem
Treatment through the SLM Approach: Organised into groups, identified their common problem and came out the possible solution
disponibilidad/ acceso a recursos y servicios financieros
- impiden
People are not able to afford the cost
Treatment through the SLM Approach: WORLP provided financial support for construction of the structure
marco de trabajo legal (tenencia de tierra, derechos de uso de tierra y agua)
- impiden
The existing land ownership, land use rights / water rights hindered a little the approach implementation Due to low land holding, the number of land users are high; thus the community mobilisation is less effective.
conocimiento de MST, acceso a apoyo técnico
- impiden
lack technical knowledge
Treatment through the SLM Approach: SWC specialist assisted in planning, designing and implementation of the structure
3. Participación y roles de las partes interesadas involucradas
3.1 Partes interesadas involucradas en el Enfoque y sus roles
- usuarios locales de tierras/ comunidades locales
Working land users were mainly men
Men are worried about the land degradation and irigation where as women are concerned with the types of crops. 45 marginal and small farmers are benefiting from the structure. They were formed into a group and all the group members were involved during the decision making process like selection of site, layout of the channel etc.
- especialistas MST/consejeros agrícolas
- gobierno nacional (planificadores, autoridades)
Si varias partes interesadas estuvieron involucradas, indique la agencia principal:
The concept of common interest group was developed by social scientists.
3.2 Involucramiento de los usuarios locales de tierras/ comunidades locales en las distintas fases del Enfoque
Involucramiento de los usuarios locales de tierras/ comunidades locales | Especifique quién se involucró y describa las actividades | |
---|---|---|
iniciación/ motivación | interactivo | Mainly:rapid/participatory rural appraisal; partly: public meetings; Situational analysis was done using participatory tools like Social map ,Resource map and Transect. |
planificación | interactivo | rapid/participatory rural appraisal |
implementación | apoyo externo | Mainly: responsibility for major steps; partly: casual labour; Community contribution, Quality control, arraning of materials and labours were the major tasks performed by the land users. |
monitoreo y evaluación | auto-movilización | Mainly: measurements/observations; partly: public meetings; They were taking measurements as per the estimate while the construction was going on. They were also ensuring proper mix of materials while preparing mixtures of sand, cement, chips. |
Research | ninguno |
3.4 La toma de decisiones en la selección de Tecnología(s) MST
Especifique quién decidió la selección de las Tecnología/ Tecnologías a implementarse:
- principalmente usuarios de tierras con el apoyo de especialistas MST
Explique:
The selection of site for the structure was decided by the and users along with the SWC speciality.The positive and negative impact of the structure was discussed while finalising the location.
Decisions on the method of implementing the SLM Technology were made by mainly by land users supported by SLM specialists. SWC specilist helped in making the plan and design of the structure. He also assisted while alyout was given in the field.
4. Apoyo técnico, fortalecimiento institucional y gestión del conocimiento
4.1 Construcción de capacidades / capacitación
¿Se proporcionó la capacitación a usuarios de tierras/ otras partes interesadas?
Sí
Especifique quién fue capacitado:
- usuarios de tierras
- SWC specialists
Forma de capacitación:
- en el contexto de trabajo
- de agricultor a agricultor
- áreas de demostración
Temas avanzados:
Class room as well as on farm training provided to land users.
4.2 Servicio de asesoría
¿Los usuarios de tierras tienen acceso a un servicio de asesoría?
Sí
Especifique si servicio proporcionado se realizó:
- en centros permanentes
Describa/ comentarios:
Name of method used for advisory service: Participatory extension methods and exposure to successful sites, demo plots.; Key elements: Learning by Seeing, Learning by doing; 1) Advisory service was carried out through: projects own extension structure and agents 2) Advisory service was carried out through: projects own extension structure and agents; Extension staff: specifically hired project employees 3) Target groups for extension: land users
Advisory service is inadequate to ensure the continuation of land conservation activities; The staff strength in govt is very less, that is why project has hired experts from open markets and also developed community link workers for extension.
4.3 Fortalecimiento institucional (desarrollo institucional)
¿Se establecieron o fortalecieron instituciones mediante el Enfoque?
- sí, moderadamente
Especifique el nivel o los niveles en los que se fortalecieron o establecieron las instituciones:
- local
Especifique el tipo de apoyo:
- construcción de capacidades/ entrenamiento
4.4 Monitoreo y evaluación
¿El monitoreo y la evaluación forman parte del Enfoque?
Sí
Comentarios:
bio-physical aspects were regular monitored through measurements
technical aspects were ad hoc monitored through measurements
socio-cultural aspects were ad hoc monitored through observations
economic / production aspects were ad hoc monitored through observations
area treated aspects were regular monitored through observations
management of Approach aspects were ad hoc monitored through observations
There were few changes in the Approach as a result of monitoring and evaluation: Guidebank constructed to increase temporary storage in the structure. Increased participation and ownership. The CIG strengthened. Views of the land users respected and involved in decision making.
4.5 Investigación
¿La investigación formó parte del Enfoque?
Sí
Especifique los temas:
- sociología
- tecnología
Proporcione detalles adicionales e indique quién hizo la investigación:
Technology is looked with gender lens. Participatory technology development is an inbuilt strategy in the WORLP project.
Research was carried out on-farm
5. Financiamiento y apoyo material externo
5.1 Presupuesto anual para el componente MST del Enfoque
Si no se conoce el presupuesto anual preciso, indique el rango:
- 10,000-100,000
Comentarios (ej. fuentes principales de financiamiento/ donantes principales):
Approach costs were met by the following donors: local community / land user(s) (CIG members (50); Watershed Committee/other members (20)): 70.0%; other (Project Support): 30.0%
5.2 Apoyo financiero/material proporcionado a los usuarios de tierras
¿Los usuarios de tierras recibieron financiamiento/ apoyo material para implementar la Tecnología/ Tecnologías? :
No
5.3 Subsidios para insumos específicos (incluyendo mano de obra)
- ninguno
Si la mano de obra de usuarios de tierras fue un insumo sustancial, ¿fue:
- voluntario?
Comentarios:
They contributing their labour for PRA, Planning, meeting etc.
5.4 Crédito
¿Se proporcionó crédito bajo el Enfoque para actividades MST?
No
6. Análisis de impacto y comentarios de conclusión
6.1 Impactos del Enfoque
¿El Enfoque ayudó a los usuarios de tierras a implementar y mantener Tecnologías MST?
- No
- Sí, un poco
- Sí, moderadamente
- Sí, mucho
Got water to their field since the water was diverted. 45-60 acres of land production and productivity increased.
¿El Enfoque mejoró cuestiones de tenencia de tierra/ derechos de usuarios que obstaculizaron la implementación de la Tecnologías MST?
- No
- Sí, un poco
- Sí, moderadamente
- Sí, mucho
Decision making is difficult.
Did other land users / projects adopt the Approach?
- No
- Sí, un poco
- Sí, moderadamente
- Sí, mucho
Other Watershed programme in the state has slowly adopting this approach
6.3 Sostenibilidad de las actividades del Enfoque
¿Pueden los usuarios de tierras sostener lo que se implementó mediante el Enfoque (sin apoyo externo)?
- sí
Si respondió que sí, describa cómo:
They are now empowerd to take their own decisions. They are acting as pressure group and leveraging resources from other line departments.
6.4 Fortalezas/ ventajas del Enfoque
Fuerzas/ ventajas/ oportunidades desde la perspectiva del usuario de la tierra |
---|
'We will manage the Diversion weir, cultivate paddy, ground nut, Onion and Brinjal.' (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: We will maintain this structure from our own contribution.) |
Fuerzas/ ventajas/ oportunidades desde la perspectiva del compilador o de otra persona de referencia clave |
---|
Community Based Organisation are the local institutions which can manage their own. (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Limited support as and when required) |
Self monitoring by the land users |
Ownership (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: User rights ensured, common fund developed) |
6.5 Debilidades/ desventajas del Enfoque y formas de sobreponerse a ellos
Debilidades/ desventajas/ riesgos desde la perspectiva del usuario de la tierra | ¿Cómo sobreponerse a ellas? |
---|---|
Since, SWC is a big investment. If, for some natural calamaity, the structure collapse it will be very difficult to reconstruct. |
Debilidades/ desventajas/ riesgos desde la perspectiva del compilador o de otra persona de referencia clave | ¿Cómo sobreponerse a ellas? |
---|---|
Sometime over ambitious since social change is very slow | Expectation should not be raised while mobilising the community |
7. Referencias y vínculos
7.1 Métodos/ fuentes de información
- visitas de campo, encuestas de campo
- entrevistas con usuarios de tierras
Vínculos y módulos
Expandir todo Colapsar todosVínculos
Diversion Weir [India]
Diversion weir is a masonary check dam constructed across a perinnial or semi perinnial stream to divert the runoff water into land users field for irrigation.
- Compilador: Niranjan Sahu
Módulos
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