Introduction of new seed varieties through demonstration plots with seed dealers [Azerbaiyán]
- Creación:
- Actualización:
- Compilador: shane stevenson
- Editor: –
- Revisor: David Streiff
approaches_2594 - Azerbaiyán
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Expandir todo Colapsar todos1. Información general
1.2 Detalles de contacto de las personas de referencia e instituciones involucradas en la evaluación y la documentación del Enfoque
Nombre de la(s) institución(es) que facilitaron la documentación/ evaluación del Enfoque si fuera relevante)
Oxfam GB (Oxfam GB) - Tayikistán1.3 Condiciones referidas al uso de datos documentados mediante WOCAT
¿Cuándo se compilaron los datos (en el campo)?
06/09/2013
El compilador y la/s persona(s) de referencia claves aceptan las condiciones acerca del uso de los datos documentados mediante WOCAT :
Sí
2. Descripción del Enfoque MST
2.1 Breve descripción del Enfoque
To facilitate information on new seed varieties.
2.2 Descripción detallada del Enfoque MST
Descripción detallada del Enfoque MST:
Aims / objectives: To build trust between the seed dealers and the farmers.
To introduce new seed varieties to rural farmers that are appropriate to the growing conditions of the region. These varieties have added benefits like taste, quality, disease resistance and longer storage capacity over local traditional varieties.
Methods: The programme uses a facilitation approach to bring stakeholders together and explain the mutual benefits of working together to improve the vegetable seed value chain in the region.
Stages of implementation: 1. Discuss with the seed dealers the idea of marketing their new imported seed varieties in the community using demonstration plots.
2. Help the seed dealer to identify capable and willing community based farmers to cultivate the demonstration plots.
3. Help facilitate the contractual arrangement between the stakeholders, in this case the seed dealer provides free seed and agricultural inputs, whilst the farmer cultivates the crop with advice from the seed dealer.
4. Just before the harvest an Open Field Day is held by the farmer and seed dealer for local rural farmers to visit the site and ask questions about the crop.
Role of stakeholders: Programme Staff: To facilitate the process and linkages between stakeholders.
Seed Dealers: to provide seed, inputs and information to the land user on cultivation methods.
Farmer: To cultivate the crop to the best of their ability and provide information to local farmers.
Other important information: In this context the seed dealer also is key player in the vegetable seed value chain for providing agricultural extension services to rural farmer, however, there are issues of trust between farmers and seed dealers due to the lack of control of quality of imported seed (90% of market), lack of information in the local language, and sold after the expired date.
2.3 Fotos del Enfoque
Galería de medios
2.5 País/ región/ lugares donde el Enfoque fue aplicado
País:
Azerbaiyán
Región/ Estado/ Provincia:
Upper Karabach
Especifique más el lugar :
Tarta / Barda / Agdam
Comentarios:
There are 18 demonstration plots in total each up to 0.1ha in total.
Map
×2.6 Fechas de inicio y conclusión del Enfoque
Indique año del inicio:
2012
Año de conclusión (si el Enfoque ya no se aplica):
2013
2.7 Tipo de Enfoque
- proyecto/ basado en un programa
2.8 Propósitos/ objetivos principales del Enfoque
The Approach focused mainly on other activities than SLM (Intensification and improved yields)
The main aim was to introduce more effective and high yielding varieties of traditional crops to the small rural farmers of central Azerbaijan, and consequently improve their livelihood status.
The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: There are several key problems, including low productivity, lack of agricultural knowledge, funds for investment, large rural poverty and lack of stimulus in the agricultural sector.
2.9 Condiciones que facilitan o impiden la implementación de la/s Tecnología/s aplicadas bajo el Enfoque
normas y valores sociales/ culturales/ religiosos
- impiden
There is an over dependence on traditional varieties of vegetable seeds and a lack of trust in the vegetable seed value chain.
Treatment through the SLM Approach: To build the trust between the seed dealer and the farmers through an evidence based process and consequently introduce better suited and higher yielding varieties.
disponibilidad/ acceso a recursos y servicios financieros
- impiden
Traditional varieties tend to be the cheapest on the market due to the volume. Seed dealers provide rural farmers with credit until harvest time but often fail to recouperate the loans due to poor yields.
Treatment through the SLM Approach: Seed dealers have increased confidence in the profit potential of new brands due to higher yields and are more likely to provide credit to farmers until harvest time.
entorno institucional
- impiden
The seed authority has a legal responsibility to inspect and certify seeds. At best this is a limited practice and does nothing to prevent the import of adulterated seed into the country.
Treatment through the SLM Approach:
marco de trabajo legal (tenencia de tierra, derechos de uso de tierra y agua)
- facilitan
Internally Displaced People (IDPs) in Azerbaijan have very limited access to land. Many of the them live in the region of implementation of the approach. It remains to be seen if the choice of variety will help these people improve their agricultural output.
- impiden
carga de trabajo, disponibilidad de mano de obra
- impiden
Many of the traditional varieties require high levels of input for cultivation to maintain yields, albeit low, and prevent disease.
Treatment through the SLM Approach: New varieties have a higher degree of disease resistance and require less agricultural inputs.
3. Participación y roles de las partes interesadas involucradas
3.1 Partes interesadas involucradas en el Enfoque y sus roles
- usuarios locales de tierras/ comunidades locales
The land users were predominantly men i.e. 15 /18, however, there was reasonable representation by women at the field days. (The three demonstration plots tended by women land users were not as successful due to their limited technical capacity)
Also disadvantaged groups are involved. (It improved the profit margins of rural land users by increasing yield, quality and storage capacity of crops. In some cases there was a 50% increase in profits in tomato, onion, aubergine and sweet pepper).
Land user provides land and labour resources for cultivation.
- organizaciones comunitarias
Community land users attended open days to gain information.
- especialistas MST/consejeros agrícolas
Seed dealers in this context
Provide agricultural extension services
- ONG
Facilitate the approach
- sector privado
Seed dealers
Provide inputs and advice free of charge
3.2 Involucramiento de los usuarios locales de tierras/ comunidades locales en las distintas fases del Enfoque
| Involucramiento de los usuarios locales de tierras/ comunidades locales | Especifique quién se involucró y describa las actividades | |
|---|---|---|
| iniciación/ motivación | ninguno | |
| planificación | auto-movilización | the land users decide with the seed dealers on the crop to be planted |
| implementación | auto-movilización | The land user is entirley responsible for the cultivation and harvest activities. |
| monitoreo y evaluación | auto-movilización | The land user is responsible to report back the success of the project to the seed dealer and the local community. |
| Research | ninguno |
3.3 Flujograma (si estuviera disponible)
Descripción:
The programme's role (i.e. Oxfam's) was to act as a facilitator in the process and not to provide tangible assets for the seed dealer or the farmers. It is beased up the Market for the Poor approach developed by Springfield Consultancy, UK.
Autor:
S. Stevenson (Oxfam Azerbaijan)
3.4 La toma de decisiones en la selección de Tecnología(s) MST
Especifique quién decidió la selección de las Tecnología/ Tecnologías a implementarse:
- principalmente usuarios de tierras con el apoyo de especialistas MST
Explique:
Seed dealer and land users were brought together by the SLM specialists, the choice of crop and variety were decided between the stakeholders.
Decisions on the method of implementing the SLM Technology were made by mainly by land users supported by SLM specialists. The seed dealers provide practical advice on the cultivation techniques to the farmer.
4. Apoyo técnico, fortalecimiento institucional y gestión del conocimiento
4.1 Construcción de capacidades / capacitación
¿Se proporcionó la capacitación a usuarios de tierras/ otras partes interesadas?
Sí
Especifique quién fue capacitado:
- usuarios de tierras
- community famers gain some information on the open field days.
Forma de capacitación:
- áreas de demostración
- reuniones públicas
Temas avanzados:
Specifically on cultivation techniques, inputs and irrigation.
4.2 Servicio de asesoría
¿Los usuarios de tierras tienen acceso a un servicio de asesoría?
Sí
Especifique si servicio proporcionado se realizó:
- en los campos de los usuarios de tierras
Describa/ comentarios:
Name of method used for advisory service: Seed Dealers; Key elements: Seed variety, Cultivation, Agricultural Inputs; This is cursory support.
Advisory service is inadequate to ensure the continuation of land conservation activities; This is an informal arrangement whereby the seed dealers act as agricultural extension services, this is not their primary purpose and will only continue to do it as part of a customer service remit.
4.3 Fortalecimiento institucional (desarrollo institucional)
¿Se establecieron o fortalecieron instituciones mediante el Enfoque?
- no
4.4 Monitoreo y evaluación
¿El monitoreo y la evaluación forman parte del Enfoque?
Sí
Comentarios:
Bio-physical aspects were regular monitored by project staff through observations; indicators: Output from demo plots was calculated
Bio-physical aspects were regular monitored by project staff through measurements; indicators: Quality of the cultivation was observed by project staff.
Technical aspects were regular monitored by project staff through observations; indicators: Number of land users attending demonstration days was recorded
Technical aspects were None monitored by project staff through measurements
There were no changes in the Approach as a result of monitoring and evaluation
There were no changes in the Technology as a result of monitoring and evaluation
4.5 Investigación
¿La investigación formó parte del Enfoque?
Sí
Especifique los temas:
- economía/ marketing
Proporcione detalles adicionales e indique quién hizo la investigación:
Comparitive cost benefit analysis was undertaken between the demonstration plots and traditional varieties.
Research was carried out on-farm
5. Financiamiento y apoyo material externo
5.1 Presupuesto anual para el componente MST del Enfoque
Si no se conoce el presupuesto anual preciso, indique el rango:
- < 2,000
Comentarios (ej. fuentes principales de financiamiento/ donantes principales):
Approach costs were met by the following donors: international non-government (facilitation, including the arrangement of the open field days): 65.0%; private sector (seeds and input materials): 5.0%; local community / land user(s) (labour and agricultural machinery): 30.0%
5.2 Apoyo financiero/material proporcionado a los usuarios de tierras
¿Los usuarios de tierras recibieron financiamiento/ apoyo material para implementar la Tecnología/ Tecnologías? :
Sí
Si respondió sí, especifique el tipo o los tipos de apoyo, condiciones y proveedor(es) :
30% of the approach was paid by the private sector (i.e. seed dealers and farmers)
5.3 Subsidios para insumos específicos (incluyendo mano de obra)
- equipo
| Especifique qué insumos se subsidiaron | En qué grado | Especifique los subsidios |
|---|---|---|
| maquinaria | totalmente financiado | |
| labour | totalmente financiado | |
- agrícola
| Especifique qué insumos se subsidiaron | En qué grado | Especifique los subsidios |
|---|---|---|
| semillas | totalmente financiado | new seeds |
- otro
| Otro (especifique) | En qué grado | Especifique los subsidios |
|---|---|---|
| Open field day | totalmente financiado | Training room and lunch |
Si la mano de obra de usuarios de tierras fue un insumo sustancial, ¿fue:
- voluntario?
Comentarios:
Land users provided the machinery and labour. However, they also received the profit from the crops.
5.4 Crédito
¿Se proporcionó crédito bajo el Enfoque para actividades MST?
No
6. Análisis de impacto y comentarios de conclusión
6.1 Impactos del Enfoque
¿El Enfoque ayudó a los usuarios de tierras a implementar y mantener Tecnologías MST?
- No
- Sí, un poco
- Sí, moderadamente
- Sí, mucho
It improved their crop selection and had a slight impact on their technical capacity.
¿El Enfoque empoderó a grupos en desventaja social y económica?
- No
- Sí, un poco
- Sí, moderadamente
- Sí, mucho
For 15 rural farmers that have cultivated demo plots.
Did other land users / projects adopt the Approach?
- No
- Sí, un poco
- Sí, moderadamente
- Sí, mucho
It is too early to say, however this was a primary goal of the project.
Did the Approach lead to improved livelihoods / human well-being?
- No
- Sí, un poco
- Sí, moderadamente
- Sí, mucho
It did for the farmers of the demo plots, however, as we don't know how much impact it has yet, it is hard to evaluate the impact of the approach.
Did the Approach help to alleviate poverty?
- No
- Sí, un poco
- Sí, moderadamente
- Sí, mucho
To what extent it is hard to evaluate at this stage.
6.2 Motivación principal del usuario de la tierra para implementar MST
- producción incrementada
improved production.
- incremento de la renta(bilidad), proporción mejorada de costo-beneficio
improve profits.
- prestigio, presión social/ cohesión social
a little from improved products
6.3 Sostenibilidad de las actividades del Enfoque
¿Pueden los usuarios de tierras sostener lo que se implementó mediante el Enfoque (sin apoyo externo)?
- sí
Si respondió que sí, describa cómo:
Oxfam will continue to facilitate the demonstration plots for another season, and whereby this arrangement will then have to be self sustained. The issue is whether the seed dealer will continue with the open fields days or rely on the famer to spread the information with regards to the crop.
6.4 Fortalezas/ ventajas del Enfoque
| Fuerzas/ ventajas/ oportunidades desde la perspectiva del usuario de la tierra |
|---|
| It was successful as profit from the land has been improved, and new varieties have been introduced. (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Try more varieties to see how they grow.) |
| Fuerzas/ ventajas/ oportunidades desde la perspectiva del compilador o de otra persona de referencia clave |
|---|
| The approach was easy to implement once the stakeholders understood the idea behind it. (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: The famers could develop into sub dealers for the farmers.) |
6.5 Debilidades/ desventajas del Enfoque y formas de sobreponerse a ellos
| Debilidades/ desventajas/ riesgos desde la perspectiva del usuario de la tierra | ¿Cómo sobreponerse a ellas? |
|---|---|
| Availability of the seed variety in the next season is not sure. | Provide positive feedback to the seed dealers that there is a demand for their product. |
| Debilidades/ desventajas/ riesgos desde la perspectiva del compilador o de otra persona de referencia clave | ¿Cómo sobreponerse a ellas? |
|---|---|
| It is fully dependent upon the seed dealer participating.There are also issues to ensure that the new seed variety will continue to be imported into the country and that it remains financially competitive. | An advocacy event is planned to encourage importers to further develop links with the importers. Seed dealers were invited to a coordination meeting to discuss their experiences and share success stories. |
7. Referencias y vínculos
7.1 Métodos/ fuentes de información
- visitas de campo, encuestas de campo
- entrevistas con usuarios de tierras
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