1.2 Detalles de contacto de las personas de referencia e instituciones involucradas en la evaluación y la documentación del Enfoque

Nombre del proyecto que facilitó la documentación/ evaluación del Enfoque (si fuera relevante)

Strengthening national-level institutional and professional capacities of country Parties towards enhanced UNCCD monitoring and reporting – GEF 7 EA Umbrella II (GEF 7 UNCCD Enabling Activities_Umbrella II)

Nombre de la(s) institución(es) que facilitaron la documentación/ evaluación del Enfoque si fuera relevante)

National Soil Services Centre, Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture & Livestock (NSSC) - Bután

1.3 Condiciones referidas al uso de datos documentados mediante WOCAT

¿Cuándo se compilaron los datos (en el campo)?

15/07/2023

El compilador y la/s persona(s) de referencia claves aceptan las condiciones acerca del uso de los datos documentados mediante WOCAT :

Sí

1.4 Referencia/s al/los Cuestionario(s) de Tecnologías MST

2.1 Breve descripción del Enfoque

Climate change has become inevitable, and there is a need to address this impending danger. In the Climate-Smart Village (CSV) approach, land users in Ngaru-Pongtang have implemented several technologies and innovations to address climate change impacts, and the programme has worked with 50 households on a total area of 137 acres (55 ha).

2.2 Descripción detallada del Enfoque MST

Descripción detallada del Enfoque MST:

This approach focused on transforming Ngaru-Pontang into a Climate-Smart Village (CSV) with actions that also contribute to mitigating climate change. The programme has worked with 50 households on a total area of 137 acres (55 ha). The approach included a participatory vulnerability assessment, and extensive training and education for the land users. They were equipped with skills, technologies, and innovative practices related to climate-smart agriculture (CSA). Additionally, the approach emphasized collaborative efforts, working closely with community members to foster better engagement and cooperation.

The primary objectives of the approach were to transform Ngaru-Pontang village into a CSV and thus effectively address the challenges posed by climate change. To achieve these goals, the approach employed various methods. It involved meetings with the community members, vulnerability assessment, fostering collaboration between the community, Agriculture Research and Development Centre (ARDC) Wengkhar, and Commercial Agriculture and the Resilient Livelihood Enhancement Programme (CARLEP). The community members received comprehensive training and attended workshops on climate-smart agriculture practices.
The implementation of the approach adopted the following stages:
1. Resource and livelihood analysis carried out through a Participatory Vulnerability Assessment.
2. Based on the findings from the above assessment, a project proposal was submitted to secure funding.
3. Subsequently, discussions were held with the community members, the extension agent, and the local government to ensure collective agreement and support.
4. A detailed plan with a timeline was developed to guide project implementation and monitoring.
5. Training and workshops on CSA practices were conducted by the ARDC and the extension agent, empowering the community members to take charge of project implementation and ensure sustainability.

Key stakeholders involved in the approach included:
1. ARDC Wenkhar, which led the implementation of the project, facilitated the training and workshops, provided technical assistance, and monitored the programme's progress.
2. The Gewog administration and the extension agent played crucial roles by offering support and assistance in implementing climate-smart agriculture practices in the field.
3. The community members actively participated in various program activities, playing a pivotal role in driving the project forward.
4. The Commercial Agriculture and Resilient Livelihood Enhancement Programme (CARLEP) acted as the funding agency.

The key CSA practices implemented through this approach are soil fertility improvement technologies (composting through use of FYM and bio-slurry, vermicomposting; liquid manure, biochar, Bhutan Agri-Microbial Solution (BAMS) and hedgerow plantations), community solar-electric fencing, heat and drought tolerant crops (spring paddy, soybean, avocados, mangoes and pineapples), biogas installations and establishment of weather station.
The implementation of CSA interventions has resulted in a wide range of impacts on livelihoods, income, and enhanced climate resilience. The diversification of crops, electric fencing, and improvement in irrigation have enabled farmers to expand their cultivation area thereby directly enhancing crop production and cash income. Similarly, the integration of improved livestock farming systems along with crops and the installation of biogas plants have reduced impacts on natural resources. Farmers have gained knowledge and exposure to different climate-smart agriculture practices. The only negative impact of the measures has been extra damage to crops by wild animals.

2.3 Fotos del Enfoque

2.5 País/ región/ lugares donde el Enfoque fue aplicado

2.6 Fechas de inicio y conclusión del Enfoque

2.7 Tipo de Enfoque

• proyecto/ basado en un programa

2.8 Propósitos/ objetivos principales del Enfoque

The main objective of the approach was to establish Ngaru-Pongtang as a CSV and showcase different CSA practices geared towards combating, mitigating and addressing climate change impacts, which can be replicated to other gewogs and Dzongkhags.

2.9 Condiciones que facilitan o impiden la implementación de la/s Tecnología/s aplicadas bajo el Enfoque

3.1 Partes interesadas involucradas en el Enfoque y sus roles

3.2 Involucramiento de los usuarios locales de tierras/ comunidades locales en las distintas fases del Enfoque

	Involucramiento de los usuarios locales de tierras/ comunidades locales	Especifique quién se involucró y describa las actividades
iniciación/ motivación	pasivo	The local community members were informed verbally and through community meeting about the project.
planificación	interactivo	ARDC Wengkhar, Thangrong gewog administration, gewog agriculture extension agent and the community members came together and discussed the way forward for the project.
implementación	interactivo	Community members were provided with training and workshops on climate-smart agriculture and related agricultural skills. After the training and demonstrations, land users were divided into groups and made to apply these skills in their field.
monitoreo y evaluación	interactivo	Monitoring is being sporadically conducted by ARDC Wengkhar and the gewog agriculture extension agent, but it is left to the land users to monitor their own fields.

3.3 Flujograma (si estuviera disponible)

3.4 La toma de decisiones en la selección de Tecnología(s) MST

Especifique quién decidió la selección de las Tecnología/ Tecnologías a implementarse:

• principalmente por especialistas MST en consulta con usuarios de tierras

Explique:

ARDC Wenkhar was responsible for deciding on what technologies and innovations to apply in the community, however, this was done based on consultation and discussions with the community members of Ngaru-Pongtang.

Especifique las bases que sustentaron la toma de decisiones:

• la evaluación de conocimiento MST bien documentado (la toma de decisiones se basa en evidencia)

• Consultation with the community members

4.1 Construcción de capacidades / capacitación

¿Se proporcionó la capacitación a usuarios de tierras/ otras partes interesadas?

Sí

Especifique quién fue capacitado:

• usuarios de tierras

Si fuese relevante, también especifique género, edad, estatus, etnicidad, etc.

Both males and females were trained.

Forma de capacitación:

• de agricultor a agricultor
• áreas de demostración
• reuniones públicas

Temas avanzados:

The topics covered included climate-smart agriculture, sustainable land management, and good agricultural practices.

Comentarios:

The capacity building was conducted by the Agriculture Research Development Center (ARDC) in Wengkhar and the participants included community members. The program was coordinated, facilitated, and implemented by an extension agent in collaboration with Local Government and beneficiaries.

4.2 Servicio de asesoría

¿Los usuarios de tierras tienen acceso a un servicio de asesoría?

Sí

Especifique si servicio proporcionado se realizó:

• en los campos de los usuarios de tierras

Describa/ comentarios:

ARDC Wengkhar and the agricultural extension agent provided all the technical advice and assistance required by the community members.

4.3 Fortalecimiento institucional (desarrollo institucional)

¿Se establecieron o fortalecieron instituciones mediante el Enfoque?

• sí, moderadamente

Especifique el nivel o los niveles en los que se fortalecieron o establecieron las instituciones:

• local

Describa la institución, roles y responsabilidades, miembros, etc.

The local government was involved in the project from start till end, which enhanced their understanding and capacity to initiate and replicate similar projects in other villages.

Especifique el tipo de apoyo:

• construcción de capacidades/ entrenamiento

• Technical assistance

Proporcione detalles adicionales:

Local government officials were engaged in the capacity building programs implemented for the community and also provided technical assistance as and when required.

4.4 Monitoreo y evaluación

¿El monitoreo y la evaluación forman parte del Enfoque?

Sí

Comentarios:

ARDC Wenkhar and the agriculture extension agent sporadically conducted monitoring and evaluation. However, the local land users are given the full responsibility to monitor their own fields and seek assistance when required.

Si respondió que sí, ¿la documentación se utilizará para monitoreo y evaluación?

No

4.5 Investigación

¿La investigación formó parte del Enfoque?

Sí

• Vulnerability Assessment

Proporcione detalles adicionales e indique quién hizo la investigación:

ARDC Wengkhar conducted a resource and livelihoods analysis through vulnerability assessment before designing and implementng the project in the community.

5.1 Presupuesto anual para el componente MST del Enfoque

Indique el presupuesto anual para el componente del MST del Enfoque (en US$):

55920,82

Comentarios (ej. fuentes principales de financiamiento/ donantes principales):

The funding was through Commercial Agriculture and Resilient Livelihoods Enhancement Programme (CARLEP) funded by International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD).

5.2 Apoyo financiero/material proporcionado a los usuarios de tierras

¿Los usuarios de tierras recibieron financiamiento/ apoyo material para implementar la Tecnología/ Tecnologías? :

Sí

Si respondió sí, especifique el tipo o los tipos de apoyo, condiciones y proveedor(es) :

Material inputs such as seeds and seedlings, organic fertilizers, sprinkler pipes, and green shade net were provided through the project.

5.3 Subsidios para insumos específicos (incluyendo mano de obra)

• equipo

• agrícola

Si la mano de obra de usuarios de tierras fue un insumo sustancial, ¿fue:

• voluntario?

Comentarios:

The project beneficiaries arranged their own family labour or through informal labour exchange model.

5.4 Crédito

¿Se proporcionó crédito bajo el Enfoque para actividades MST?

No

5.5 Otros incentivos o instrumentos

¿Se usaron otros incentivos o instrumentos para promover la implementación de Tecnologías MST?

No

6.1 Impactos del Enfoque

6.2 Motivación principal del usuario de la tierra para implementar MST

6.3 Sostenibilidad de las actividades del Enfoque

¿Pueden los usuarios de tierras sostener lo que se implementó mediante el Enfoque (sin apoyo externo)?

• sí

Si respondió que sí, describa cómo:

The land users have built their capacity, improved their production and cash income which should enable them to sustain the project activities.

6.4 Fortalezas/ ventajas del Enfoque

Fuerzas/ ventajas/ oportunidades desde la perspectiva del usuario de la tierra
Capacity building and technical assistance on CSA and SLM were provided.
Gained knowledge and skills on CSA practices
Were able to increase crop production through CSA interventions
Were provided with an assured market for their produce

Fuerzas/ ventajas/ oportunidades desde la perspectiva del compilador o de otra persona de referencia clave
Built human and natural capital through capacity building and implementation of CSA practices.
Enhanced community resilience to climate change impacts

6.5 Debilidades/ desventajas del Enfoque y formas de sobreponerse a ellos

Debilidades/ desventajas/ riesgos desde la perspectiva del usuario de la tierra	¿Cómo sobreponerse a ellas?
The approach didn't address the pest problem, specifically the vertebrate pest adequately.	Explore additional funding to support electric fencing and if possible chain link fencing.
Farmers' hesitance to adopt technology.	Create adequate awareness prior to actual design an implementation of the project.

7.1 Métodos/ fuentes de información

7.2 Referencias a publicaciones disponibles

Título, autor, año, ISBN:

Saanogo, D, Sail, M., & Camara, B. A.. (2020). The climate-smart village approach: putting communities at the heart of restoration. Tropenbos International, Wageningen.

¿Dónde se halla disponible? ¿Costo?

https://www.tropenbos.org/file.php/2385/etfrn-news-60-sanogo-the-climate-smart-village-approach.pdf

Título, autor, año, ISBN:

Aggarwal, P. K., Jarvis, A., Campbell, B. M., & Zougmore, R. (2018). The climate-smart village approach: Framework of an integrative strategy for scaling up adaptation options in agriculture. Ecology and Society, 23(1).

¿Dónde se halla disponible? ¿Costo?

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322765373_The_climate-smart_village_approach_Framework_of_an_integrative_strategy_for_scaling_up_adaptation_options_in_agriculture

7.3 Vínculos a la información relevante disponible en línea

Título/ descripción:

The climate smart villages approach

URL:

https://www.grida.no/resources/4928

Título/ descripción:

THE CLIMATE-SMART VILLAGE APPROACH: FRAMEWORK OF AN INTEGRATIVE STRATEGY FOR SCALING UP ADAPTATION OPTIONS IN AGRICULTURE

URL:

https://ccafs.cgiar.org/resources/publications/climate-smart-village-approach-framework-integrative-strategy-scaling