Grass on dunes and in streets, no bushes, good condition.

Rehabilitation techniques in southern Kalahari - Vegetative and Management (Afrique du Sud)

Description

Shared interest by Mier Management Council and Provincial Department of Agriculture

Aims / objectives: Initially a combined effort by Department of Agriculture and Mier Management Council to combat degradation of game camps. Directed towards a male dominated farming community, also involving a few females (ages ranging from middle to old age). An objective was to educate towards awareness to degradation and techniques involving the rehabilitation of these areas and the prevention of getting to this state. Also including methods which prevent returning to this state. Initially using farmer???s days - education. Research came later, focussing on understanding the ecology of the area and then to concentrate on rehabilitation techniques. This was later introduced in farmer???s days, school education and education of management council. Stages of implementation: 1) Realisation by management council that veld was degraded. 2) Department of Agriculture requested to assist ??¡§ in the form of trial and error (i.e. resting camps, poisoning of shrubs). 3) Resting of camps showed no improvement, so Department requested assistance from Agricultural Research Council (Range and Forage Institute) to gain understanding of ecology of area. 4) Once understanding gained and techniques developed, education in the form of farmer???s days, school days and management council. Role of participants: 1) Nature Conservation: Initially involved in game number management. 2) Department of Agriculture: Advisory capacity management of techniques. 3) ARC - Research and advisory. 4) Management council ??¡§ labour control. 5) Community - involved through council in decision-making ??¡§ also jobs provided through labour.

Lieu

Lieu: Northern Cape, Afrique du Sud

Géo-référence des sites sélectionnés
  • 20.25, -25.925

Date de démarrage: 1988

Année de fin de l'Approche: sans objet

Type d'Approche
Bush packing, dunes in the Kalahari Different techniques of bush backing.
Grass on dunes and in streets, no bushes – good condition.

Objectifs de l'approche et environnement favorable

Principaux objectifs de l'Approche
The Approach focused mainly on SLM with other activities (Income generation for tax subsidy in the community, job creation for males in the community, land care, development of eco-tourism, collaboration with local leadership)

Education ??¡§ in techniques to combat desertification, also in prevention of degradation Financial empowerment Management techniques

The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: Finance, education (very little education with regards to labours)
Conditions favorisant la mise en oeuvre de la/(des) Technologie(s) appliquée(s) sous l'Approche
  • Cadre juridique (régime foncier, droits d'utilisation des terres et de l'eau): The existing land ownership, land use rights / water rights moderately helped the approach implementation: Hinder: moderate Farm-government won???t allow farmers to own land so attitude can be negative. Community reaps benefits from game farms.
Conditions entravant la mise en oeuvre de la/(des) Technologie(s) appliquée(s) sous l'Approche
  • Disponibilité/ accès aux ressources et services financiers: Very poor community Treatment through the SLM Approach: Landcare (money)
  • Cadre institutionnel: Financial - no money in Institute and Department Treatment through the SLM Approach: Money
  • Autre: Political: leads to mistrust and uneasiness w.r.t. Money Treatment through the SLM Approach: Work on the problem at hand and ignore politics

Participation et rôles des parties prenantes impliquées dans l'Approche

Parties prenantes impliquées dans l'Approche et rôles
Quels acteurs/ organismes d'exécution ont été impliqués dans l'Approche? Spécifiez les parties prenantes Décrivez le rôle des parties prenantes
exploitants locaux des terres / communautés locales Working land users were mainly men (Women did not work on project because of long distance to work). Labour, management. Labour work far too heavy for women (injuries have occurred). Women are directed towards cultivation techniques of Harpagophytum procumbens or basic homeskills (sewing etc.) Males - chopping & packing Rhigozum on dunes (degraded dunes).
enseignants/ élèves/ étudiants
ONG Research, management, education
gouvernement national (planificateurs, décideurs) Funding
Participation des exploitants locaux des terres/ communautés locales aux différentes phases de l'Approche
aucun
passive
soutien extérieur
interactive
auto-mobilisation
initiation/ motivation
x
workshops/seminars, public meetings; Discussions to indicate where researchers see the project going and how the land users would like to see it go.
planification
x
workshops/seminars, public meetings; Field workshops & meetings-discuss how and where the project should be carried out.
mise en œuvre
x
responsibility for major steps; Labour used for bushpacking responsibility for LandCare committee for salaries and labour.
suivi/ évaluation
x
public meetings,measurements/observations, reporting, workshop/seminars; Monitoring of project is on going by researchers with help of few labours. Congresses/workshops are used to describe process & public meetings allow community to be informed.
Research
x
on-station; On-farm & on-station is ongoing. Lab work for information on germination processes.
Diagramme/ organigramme

Approach

Prises de décision pour la sélection de la Technologie de GDT

Les décisions ont été prises par

  • les exploitants des terres seuls (auto-initiative)
  • principalement les exploitants des terres soutenus par des spécialistes de la GDT
  • tous les acteurs concernés dans le cadre d'une approche participative
  • principalement les spécialistes de la GDT, après consultation des exploitants des terres
  • les spécialistes de la GDT seuls
  • les responsables politiques/ dirigeants

Les décisions ont été prises sur la base de

  • l'évaluation de connaissances bien documentées en matière de GDT (prises de décision fondées sur des preuves tangibles)?
  • les résultats de recherches?
  • expériences et opinions personnelles (non documentées)

Soutien technique, renforcement des capacités et gestion des connaissances

Les activités ou services suivants ont fait partie de l'approche
Renforcement des capacités/ formation
La formation a été dispensée aux parties prenantes suivantes
  • exploitants des terres
  • personnels/ conseillers de terrain
  • school children/students, planners, politicians/decision makers
Formats de la formation
  • sur le tas
  • entre agriculteurs (d'exploitants à exploitants)
  • zones de démonstration
  • réunions publiques
  • cours
Sujets abordés

Rehabilitation ecological processes, cultivation, preventative agriculture

Service de conseils
Le service de conseils était fourni
  • dans les champs des exploitants?
  • dans des centres permanents
Name of method used for advisory service: Not formal approach; Key elements: Education, Labour, Development; 1) Advisory service was carried out through: government's existing extension system Extension staff: mainly government employees 3) Target groups for extension: land users, school children/students; Activities: Bushpacking techniques, education; Education

Advisory service is inadequate to ensure the continuation of land conservation activities; The project is still in first phase - next phase will include female portion of community.
Renforcement des institutions
Institutions ont été renforcées ou mises en place
  • non
  • oui, un peu
  • oui, modérément
  • oui, beaucoup
au niveau suivant
  • local
  • régional
  • national
Décrivez l'institution, ses rôles et responsabilités, ses membres, etc.
Type de soutien
  • financier
  • renforcement des capacités/ formation
  • équipement
  • advise
Plus de détails
Suivi et évaluation
bio-physical aspects were regular monitored through measurements technical aspects were ad hoc monitored through observations socio-cultural aspects were ad hoc monitored hrough observations economic / production aspects were regular monitored through measurements area treated aspects were regular monitored through measurements no. of land users involved aspects were ad hoc monitored through observations management of Approach aspects were ad hoc monitored through observations There were few changes in the Approach as a result of monitoring and evaluation: Packing designs of Rhigozum plants on bare dunes. The less expensive, most efficient design was chosen.
Recherche
La recherche a traité les sujets suivants
  • sociologie
  • économie/ marketing
  • écologie
  • technologie

Rehabilitation techniques must fall within the capabilities and finance of the community.

Research was carried out on-farm

Financement et soutien matériel externe

Budget annuel en dollars US de la composante GDT
  • < 2 000
  • 2 000-10 000
  • 10 000-100 000
  • 100 000-1 000 000
  • > 1 000 000
Precise annual budget: sans objet
Approach costs were met by the following donors: government (national): 80.0%; local community / land user(s) (-): 20.0%
Les services ou mesures incitatives suivantes ont été fournis aux exploitants des terres
  • Soutiens financiers/ matériels fournis aux exploitants des terres
  • Subventions pour des intrants spécifiques
  • Crédits
  • Autres incitations ou instruments
Soutiens financiers/ matériels fournis aux exploitants des terres
en partie financé
entièrement financé
équipement: machines

x
équipement: machines: outils

x
intrants agricoles: semences

x
intrants agricoles: semences: fertilisants

x
Food and transport

x

La main d'oeuvre fournie par les exploitants des terres était

Analyses d'impact et conclusions

Impacts de l'Approche
Non
Oui, un peu
Oui, modérément
Oui, beaucoup
Est-ce que l'Approche a aidé les exploitants des terres à mettre en œuvre et entretenir les Technologies de GDT?

Stabilisation of dunes, greater vegetation on dunes.

x
Est-ce que l'Approche a amélioré les questions foncières et des droits d'utilisation qui entravent la mise en œuvre des Technologies?

Farmers realised the simplicity of rehabilitation. The problem is likely to be overcome in the near future. Attitudes would change if government allowed ownership of land.

x
Did other land users / projects adopt the Approach?

South Africa railways - lines which cut through dune systems

x
Principale motivation des exploitants des terres pour mettre en oeuvre la GDT
Durabilité des activités de l'Approche
Les exploitants des terres peuvent-ils poursuivre ce qui a été mis en oeuvre par le biais de l'Approche (sans soutien extérieur) ?

Conclusions et enseignements tirés

Points forts: point de vue de l'exploitant des terres
  • Own input into R &D
Points forts: point de vue du compilateur ou d'une autre personne-ressource clé
  • Community participation (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Greater responsibility to community)
  • Healthy integration of Scientists & Community action (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Good communication (Scientists & Community))
Faiblesses/ inconvénients/ risques: point de vue de l'exploitant des terrescomment surmonter
  • I do not know
Faiblesses/ inconvénients/ risques: point de vue du compilateur ou d'une autre personne-ressource clécomment surmonter
  • Slow recovery of natural resources I don't think there is a way to increase reaction time in this area

Références

Compilateur
  • Andre F. Van Rooyen
Editors
Examinateur
  • Fabian Ottiger
Date de mise en oeuvre: 13 janvier 2009
Dernière mise à jour: 18 juin 2017
Personnes-ressources
Description complète dans la base de données WOCAT
Données de GDT correspondantes
La documentation a été facilitée par
Institution Projet
This work is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareaAlike 4.0 International