Slopeland Control by Mechanical measures
(Chine)
Lieu
Lieu: Chaoyang county, Liaoning Province, Chine
Géo-référence des sites sélectionnés
Date de démarrage: sans objet
Année de fin de l'Approche: sans objet
Type d'Approche
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traditionnel/ autochtone
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initiative/ innovation récente locale
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fondé sur un projet/ programme
Comprehensive watershed management project (Gao Yunbiao)
Close view of contour trench (Zhou Xiaole)
Objectifs de l'approche et environnement favorable
Principaux objectifs de l'Approche
The aim of the approach are to: - Establish the control model of government and farmers; - Intercepting and restoring soil and water to prevent soil and water loss; - Publicizing the knowledge of soil and water conservation and the idea of sustainable development; - Protecting , improving and using soil resources rationally combining with biological measures; - Improving the productive and ecological environment, increasing yield and farmers income.
The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: - Severe soil and water loss, ecological environment deterioration; - Soil physical property deterioration: rigidity and hardening in drought period; heavy and clay in flooding period; water and fertilizer conservation capability decreased.
Conditions favorisant la mise en oeuvre de la/(des) Technologie(s) appliquée(s) sous l'Approche
Conditions entravant la mise en oeuvre de la/(des) Technologie(s) appliquée(s) sous l'Approche
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Normes et valeurs sociales/ culturelles/ religieuses : Social factors: Lack of soil and water conservation knowledge and understanding of water intercepting and drainage ditch; emphasis on using and ignoring management
Treatment through the SLM Approach: Strengthen publicizing at local level, pay attention to guidance and training
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Disponibilité/ accès aux ressources et services financiers: Shortage of capital: National investment is not enough; local investment is difficult to ensure; farmers investment is limited
Treatment through the SLM Approach: Establishing multi-level, diversification and multiple channels of the investment system of national investment, local support and labor input by farmers and using foreign and social investment.
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Connaissances sur la GDT, accès aux supports techniques: Requiring high level technique: Professionals should participate during construction period.
Treatment through the SLM Approach: Designing and construction are made by the units with qualification, training management personnel.
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Autre: Natural factors: Complicated landform, inconvenient transportation
Treatment through the SLM Approach: Pay attention to the corresponding engineering project such as temporary road
Participation et rôles des parties prenantes impliquées dans l'Approche
Parties prenantes impliquées dans l'Approche et rôles
Quels acteurs/ organismes d'exécution ont été impliqués dans l'Approche? |
Spécifiez les parties prenantes |
Décrivez le rôle des parties prenantes |
exploitants locaux des terres / communautés locales |
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Spécialistes de la GDT/ conseillers agricoles |
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gouvernement national (planificateurs, décideurs) |
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Participation des exploitants locaux des terres/ communautés locales aux différentes phases de l'Approche
aucun
passive
soutien extérieur
interactive
auto-mobilisation
planification
Farmers participate design process
suivi/ évaluation
Farmers participate investigation of benefit evaluation
Prises de décision pour la sélection de la Technologie de GDT
Les décisions ont été prises par
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les exploitants des terres seuls (auto-initiative)
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principalement les exploitants des terres soutenus par des spécialistes de la GDT
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tous les acteurs concernés dans le cadre d'une approche participative
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principalement les spécialistes de la GDT, après consultation des exploitants des terres
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les spécialistes de la GDT seuls
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les responsables politiques/ dirigeants
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Song-Liao Water Resources Commission, Ministry of
Les décisions ont été prises sur la base de
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l'évaluation de connaissances bien documentées en matière de GDT (prises de décision fondées sur des preuves tangibles)?
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les résultats de recherches?
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expériences et opinions personnelles (non documentées)
Soutien technique, renforcement des capacités et gestion des connaissances
Les activités ou services suivants ont fait partie de l'approche
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Renforcement des capacités/ formation
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Service de conseils
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Renforcement des institutions (développement organisationnel)
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Suivi et évaluation
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Recherche
Renforcement des capacités/ formation
La formation a été dispensée aux parties prenantes suivantes
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exploitants des terres
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personnels/ conseillers de terrain
Formats de la formation
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sur le tas
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entre agriculteurs (d'exploitants à exploitants)
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zones de démonstration
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réunions publiques
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cours
Suivi et évaluation
management of Approach aspects were monitored through measurements
land users involved aspects were monitored through measurements
area treated aspects were monitored through measurements
economic / production aspects were monitored through measurements
socio-cultural aspects were monitored through measurements
technical aspects were monitored through observations
bio-physical aspects were monitored through measurements
There were many changes in the Approach as a result of monitoring and evaluation: Formerly the government policy guides farmers to participate, investment is not enough and the enthusiasm of farmers is low, and treatment result is not obvious. Presently, government investment plus technique service support and favorable policy promote construction; Farmers enthusiasm is high, treatment result is obvious.
There were several changes in the Technology as a result of monitoring and evaluation: The project shortens slope length and route of surface runoff to reduce the erosion; Not only improve the effective utilization of rainoff sources, but also promote agricultural production condition and farmers income.
Recherche
La recherche a traité les sujets suivants
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sociologie
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économie/ marketing
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écologie
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technologie
The research institute, university and relational technique units are as the main research part. Part of scientific data is obtained by farmers. Research fields include the benefits of soil and water conservation caused by contour trench and water intercepting ditch, the influence on water-fertilize condition and increasing yield. The research results are directly used to revise and perfect the project.
Financement et soutien matériel externe
Budget annuel en dollars US de la composante GDT
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< 2 000
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2 000-10 000
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10 000-100 000
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100 000-1 000 000
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> 1 000 000
Precise annual budget: sans objet
Approach costs were met by the following donors: government (National investment): 60.0%; local government (district, county, municipality, village etc) (Local financing): 30.0%; local community / land user(s) (Labor input by farmers): 10.0%
Les services ou mesures incitatives suivantes ont été fournis aux exploitants des terres
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Soutiens financiers/ matériels fournis aux exploitants des terres
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Subventions pour des intrants spécifiques
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Crédits
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Autres incitations ou instruments
Soutiens financiers/ matériels fournis aux exploitants des terres
Raw materials: cements, stone and sand; many kinds of conveyances; Scientific input is mainly the planning and design of specific personnel.
Crédits
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Conditions : repayment conditions: National investment, NA .
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Fournisseurs du crédit : sans objet
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Destinataires du crédit : sans objet
Analyses d'impact et conclusions
Impacts de l'Approche
Non
Oui, un peu
Oui, modérément
Oui, beaucoup
Did other land users / projects adopt the Approach?
An important method to develop soil and water loss prevention, improve utilization rate of rainoff sources and promote income in the similar area. Accepted generally by other land users.
Principale motivation des exploitants des terres pour mettre en oeuvre la GDT
Durabilité des activités de l'Approche
Les exploitants des terres peuvent-ils poursuivre ce qui a été mis en oeuvre par le biais de l'Approche (sans soutien extérieur) ?
Conclusions et enseignements tirés
Points forts: point de vue de l'exploitant des terres
Points forts: point de vue du compilateur ou d'une autre personne-ressource clé
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Government provides funds and techniques, communities participation (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Establish multi-mechanism investment forms diversification, strengthen farmers extension)
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Combining method, research and demonstration (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Strength scientific research, play the role of demonstration )
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Combining agricultural and forestry measures (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Developing greatly runoff agriculture and forestry and high efficiency agriculture)
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Shortening slope length and route of surface runoff (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Increase vegeta-tion coverage)
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Reducing erosion and sediment rushing into river (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: ArrangingGully Head Protection Project)
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Improving the effective utilization of rainoff sources (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Anti-scour Shrub Belt)
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Increasing grain yield and farmers income (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Planting economic crops on the slope, further perfect irrigation situation)
Faiblesses/ inconvénients/ risques: point de vue de l'exploitant des terrescomment surmonter
Faiblesses/ inconvénients/ risques: point de vue du compilateur ou d'une autre personne-ressource clécomment surmonter
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Establishing multi-level, diversification and multiple channels of the investment system of national investment, local support and labor input
By farmers and using foreign and social investment.
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After the two labours cancelled, the enthusiasm of farmers decreased
Government should link up with actual situation, make favorable policy to encourage farmers participating soil and water conservation construction.
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Extending from up to down by government, community participate passively, farmers understanding is limited
Establish diversified popularization and extension, increase the frequency of consultation and training.
Références
Date de mise en oeuvre: 7 octobre 2010
Dernière mise à jour: 13 juillet 2017
Personnes-ressources
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Anna Schuler (anna.schuler@cde.unibe.ch) - Spécialiste GDT
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Yongjun Wang (arllen123@163.com) - Spécialiste GDT
Description complète dans la base de données WOCAT
Données de GDT correspondantes
La documentation a été facilitée par
Institution
- Beijing Forestry University (BFU) - Chine
- CDE Centre for Development and Environment (CDE Centre for Development and Environment) - Suisse
Projet