The picture shows the farmer steering in the 1,000 liters collection tank for the waste at the kraal (Amon Aine)
The Kraal (livestock zero grazing shed) was initially designed with a waste management system to hold cow dug in a reservoir for 1 to 2 months before being used in a 2-acre garden as manure. However, the farmer faced challenges transporting and distributing manure to the garden which was tedious and time wasting.
The dung from 4 cows is first mixed with water at a ratio of 1 (dung): 3 (water) as it drains into the reservoir producing approximately 1,500 litres of liquid manure monthly. Therefore, a pipe outlet was devised at the base of the cow dung reservoir to transport the waste 50m down-slope into 3 other reservoirs (each 2×1×1m, l×w×h) evenly distributed within the garden. These reservoirs store the liquid manure until the farmer wishes to fertilize the garden.
The garden preparation starts with clearing the weeds and then excavating small trenches that direct the flow of the liquid manure to any direction of interest in the garden. At different points along the flow in the trenches, the farmer opens tributaries leading to pits dug at least 0.75 m away from the banana plantains of interest. The pits made are normally approximately of 12.5 litres capacity. The trenches, tributaries and pits are then covered with soil after a day. This integrated fertilizer-irrigation system can only be possible on farms established on a gently sloping terrain. To set up the system one must have an animal house or any other source of animal dung uphill. The source must be able to provide enough dung to sustain the gardens established downhill.
Alternatively, the system can also be set up with a biogas plant replacing the cow dung reservoir to produce biogas for domestic energy supply and the slurry being used as manure. In case of such modification, the biogas should be set up at a slightly elevated position to give the liquid digestate a gravity force to flow to the garden. A foundation is excavated and a mixing chamber (50 litres capacity) constructed at some distance away from the farm house as well as 3 reservoirs to store the digestate (of a capacity at least 400 litres each) sited in the garden. An outlet pipe is fixed at the bottom of the mixing chamber through which the slurry can be channelled into the garden after the fermentation process producing biogas has stopped.
The construction process of the system without the biogas plant cost the farmer labour worth USD $ 13.44, construction materials were USD $ 251.04 and equipment USD $ 32.25. According to the farmer, the system is averagely expensive in the short run but profitable in the long run.
The system eases waste management and reduces costs of labour. The farmer, over the last 3 seasons realized improvement in the number of banana bunches harvested from averagely 50 to 60 bunches per month. The bunch weight also increased from 8-15Kg to 10-25Kg on average which is important for food security and livelihood.
The impacts of drought on the plantation have reduced compared to the time before adopting the technology. The farmer recommends upscaling since it is easy to manage, it improves productivity and is environment friendly. The major challenge is lack of enough cow dung supply from the kraal and scarcity of water in the dry season. A rainwater harvest system may be constructed to collect and provide water for diluting the cowdung.
Lieu: Rwentuha T/C , Kitwe, Wester Uganda, Bushenyi, Ouganda
Nbr de sites de la Technologie analysés: site unique
Diffusion de la Technologie: répartie uniformément sur une zone (approx. < 0,1 km2 (10 ha))
Date de mise en oeuvre: 2016
Type d'introduction
| Spécifiez les intrants | Unité | Quantité | Coûts par unité (Uganda shillings) | Coût total par intrant (Uganda shillings) | % des coût supporté par les exploitants des terres |
| Main d'œuvre | |||||
| Labour | Man day | 3,0 | 17000,0 | 51000,0 | 100,0 |
| Equipements | |||||
| Hoe hire | pieces | 2,0 | 5000,0 | 10000,0 | 100,0 |
| Panga | pieces | 1,0 | 9999,0 | 9999,0 | 100,0 |
| Hammer | pieces | 1,0 | 50000,0 | 50000,0 | 100,0 |
| Wheel barrow hire | pieces | 1,0 | 50000,0 | 50000,0 | 100,0 |
| Matériaux de construction | |||||
| Cement | 60kg bags | 13,0 | 29000,0 | 377000,0 | 100,0 |
| Sand | 1 tonne trips | 2,0 | 70000,0 | 140000,0 | 100,0 |
| Bricks | 1 tonne trip | 1,0 | 270000,0 | 270000,0 | 100,0 |
| Doom pipe | Meters | 2,0 | 15000,0 | 30000,0 | 100,0 |
| Coût total de mise en place de la Technologie | 987'999.0 | ||||
| Spécifiez les intrants | Unité | Quantité | Coûts par unité (Uganda shillings) | Coût total par intrant (Uganda shillings) | % des coût supporté par les exploitants des terres |
| Main d'œuvre | |||||
| Labour to clean the cow shed and the reservoir and drain it | Man day | 1,0 | 17000,0 | 17000,0 | 100,0 |
| Labour to excavate temporary drains | Man per month | 2,0 | 150000,0 | 300000,0 | 100,0 |
| Equipements | |||||
| Spade | piece | 1,0 | 50000,0 | 50000,0 | 100,0 |
| Hoe | piece | 1,0 | 50000,0 | 50000,0 | 100,0 |
| Coût total d'entretien de la Technologie | 417'000.0 | ||||
Quantité avant la GDT: 50 bunches
Quantité après la GDT: 70bunches
The hygiene at the cattle kraal has improved
Increase soil moisture and manure
Less labor required to handle wastes from the cattle
Quantité avant la GDT: 3 workers
Quantité après la GDT: 1 worker
Increased production of banana bunches per unit area monthly
No need for casual labor to fetch manure with baskets
Manure from dug is well distributed in the garden
Irrigation through the liquid slurry
Waste from the cattle is well managed and utilized for manure
