trashline technology made of maize stocks (Paul Kahiga (8444-00300 Nairobi-Kenya))
Trash lines are crop residues laid in bands across the slope of annual crop fields to conserve soil and water, and to incorporate organic matter into the soil after decomposition. They are formed into ridges across the slope to form semi permeable barriers that decrease the runoff velocity and increase the infiltration duration, but allow passage of excess runoff. They impede runoff and enhance infiltration. They also prevent evaporation of water from the soil thus conserving soil moisture. Different dimensions and spacing as practiced by farmers have given rise to different structures depending on availability of materials and tools. Thus there are large and small, fixed and mobile trash lines, spaced about 15 m apart. The position of most trash lines is not fixed but instead new trash is placed 3 to 5m up slope each season.
Purpose of the Technology: Trash lines allow water to infiltrate into the soil in the area directly beneath them, and require little labour to construct but frequent maintenance. Trash lines form semi-permeable barriers across the slope that decrease the surface runoff velocity and increase the infiltration duration of impounded water, but allow passage of excess runoff. As a result, the amount of infiltrated water increases and the runoff volume and its erosive power decrease. Additionally, retention of sediment in the trash results in reduced soil and nutrient losses. Trash lines require low labor.
Establishment / maintenance activities and inputs: Farmers in Embu utilizes the crop residuals after harvesting. The most common used type of crop residual used in Embu district is maize stovers that are left behind after harvesting. They are laid down in a row along the contour and left to decompose after sometime leaving a line of rich organic matter. They do very well when practiced with conservation agriculture. This is very common in the lower Mbeere District.
Natural / human environment: In other areas, cereal stover (straw) and weeds that are collected during primary cultivation (hand hoeing), and heaped in strips along the approximate contour are used as trash lines. Creeping grasses should not be used in trash lines, they can alternatively be decomposed in bundles, and then used as mulch in nearby banana plantations. Trash lines can also be constructed on hillside fields where annual crops, including sorghum, finger millet, beans and peas, are grown.The recommended spacing between the improved trash lines is 5–10 m, depending on the slope: the steeper the closer. The amount of material available determines the cross section of each trash line (typically ±0.5 m wide and ±0.3 m high).
ទីតាំង: Embu North District, Eastern Province, ប្រទេសកេនយ៉ា
ចំនួនទីកន្លែងបច្ចេកទេស ដែលវិភាគ:
ការសាយភាយនៃបច្ចេកទេស: ត្រូវបានផ្សព្វផ្សាយត្រឹមតំបន់មួយ (approx. 1-10 គម2)
តើស្ថិតក្នុងតំបន់ការពារអចិន្ត្រៃយ៍?:
កាលបរិច្ឆេទនៃការអនុវត្ត: 10-50 ឆ្នាំ
ប្រភេទនៃការណែនាំឱ្យអនុវត្តន៍៖
| បញ្ជាក់ពីធាតុចូល | ឯកតា | បរិមាណ | ថ្លៃដើមក្នុងមួយឯកតា (Kshs) | ថ្លៃធាតុចូលសរុប (Kshs) | % នៃថ្លៃដើមដែលចំណាយដោយអ្នកប្រើប្រាស់ដី |
| កម្លាំងពលកម្ម | |||||
| Harvesting and cutting the stovers | Mandays | 4,0 | 1,0 | 4,0 | 100,0 |
| Marking the contours | Mandays | 3,0 | 1,3333 | 4,0 | 100,0 |
| Collecting the stovers and laying them along the marked contour | Mandays | 4,0 | 1,0 | 4,0 | 100,0 |
| សម្ភារៈ | |||||
| Tools | Numbers | 4,0 | 1,25 | 5,0 | 100,0 |
| សម្ភារៈដាំដុះ | |||||
| Seeds | ha | 1,0 | 16,0 | 16,0 | 100,0 |
| សម្ភារៈសាងសង់ | |||||
| Maize stovers | ha | 1,0 | 100,0 | 100,0 | 100,0 |
| ថ្លៃដើមសរុបក្នុងការបង្កើតបច្ចេកទេស | 133.0 | ||||
| ថ្លៃដើមសរុបក្នុងការបង្កើតបច្ចេកទេសគិតជាដុល្លារ | 1.33 | ||||
| បញ្ជាក់ពីធាតុចូល | ឯកតា | បរិមាណ | ថ្លៃដើមក្នុងមួយឯកតា (Kshs) | ថ្លៃធាតុចូលសរុប (Kshs) | % នៃថ្លៃដើមដែលចំណាយដោយអ្នកប្រើប្រាស់ដី |
| កម្លាំងពលកម្ម | |||||
| Adding stovers in the next season | Mandays | 4,0 | 1,0 | 4,0 | 100,0 |
| សម្ភារៈ | |||||
| Tools | ha | 1,0 | 10,0 | 10,0 | 100,0 |
| សម្ភារៈដាំដុះ | |||||
| Seeds | ha | 1,0 | 8,0 | 8,0 | 100,0 |
| សម្ភារៈសាងសង់ | |||||
| Maize stovers | ha | 1,0 | 50,0 | 50,0 | 100,0 |
| ថ្លៃដើមសរុបសម្រាប់ការថែទាំដំណាំតាមបច្ចេកទេស | 72.0 | ||||
| ថ្លៃដើមសរុបសម្រាប់ការថែទាំដំណាំតាមបច្ចេកទេសគិតជាដុល្លារ | 0.72 | ||||
A healthy crop stand produces high yields.
