Land users sowing seeds of grass and hedgerow species (PARDYP)

Local initiatives for rehabilitating degraded communal grazing land (Непал)

Kshetigrasta samudayik charan bhumi punarutthan ma sthaniya agrasarata (Nepali)

Тодорхойлолт

Supporting local initiatives and building local capacity for the rehabilitation of degraded communal land in the middle mountains of Nepal.

Aims / objectives: The main aim of the People and Resource Dynamics Project's (PARDYP) land rehabilitation activities were to help watershed residents, local groups, and line agencies understand the key issues and to test options for the improved management of water, land, and forests in a participatory way. In Dhotra VDC (Kavrepalanchok district) a local youth club (Ekantabasti Youth Club) had been trying to rehabilitate a 2.5 ha area of degraded communal land since May 2004. The club approached PARDYP for technical assistance. The area had been degraded by overgrazing with two big gullies formed and small landslips along the gullies affecting a trail and the adjoining agricultural land. An unsuccessful attempt had been made to plant the area eight years previously. It had failed due to the difficulty of retaining soil moisture in the area's compacted red soils. A series of meetings were organised to plan future activities, to ensure community participation, and to share responsibilities among local users and PARDYP. The community was committed to rehabilitating the area and took the responsibility for planting, protection, and overall management of the planted species. PARDYP provided planting materials and technical help. A needs assessment with the local people identified the most useful tree species. They entrusted the selection of appropriate grass and hedgerow species to the project's expertise. Project staff arrange for planting materials and logistical support, and showed villagers how to make eyebrow pits, plant hedgerows, and plug gullies. About 450 villagers participated in the rehabilitation activities with women contributing more than half of the labour. They worked four hours a day for 16 mornings.

Methods: A five-women strong user committee was formed to manage and protect the planted species and a five-man strong task force was set up to maintain regular links and coordination between the user committee, the youth club, and the villagers. The coordination committee, with guidance from the youth club, was responsible for facilitating and coordinating all the second season rehabilitation work in 2005.

Байршил

Байршил: Kavrepalanchowk/ Jhikhu khola watershed, Непал

Сонгосон байршлуудын газарзүйн холболт
  • 85.5, 27.5

Эхлэх огноо: тодорхойгүй

Төгсөх жил: 2005

Арга барилын төрөл
Land users preparing eyebrow pits with women actively involved (PARDYP)
Land users sowing seeds of grass and hedgerow species. (PARDYP)

Арга барилын зорилго ба эерэг нөлөө

Арга барилын үндсэн зорилго, зорилт
The Approach focused on SLM only

- To demonstrate appropriate technologies for rehabilitating degraded land and evaluating their effectiveness. - To provide training on soil and water conservation (SWC) technologies for effectively implementing the rehabilitation activities and to build the capacity of the local community to carry out the work. - To organise and mobilise a local community for implementing, protecting and managing the planted areas and the physical structures

The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: - Lack of awareness about low cost soil and water conservation technologies that address farmers' needs. - Weak institutional collaboration for developing and implementing technologies
Тухайн Арга барилын хүрээнд нэвтрүүлсэн Технологийг хэрэгжүүлэхэд дэмжлэг болох нөхцлүүд
Тухайн Арга барилын хүрээнд нэвтрүүлсэн Технологийг хэрэгжүүлэхэд хүндрэл учруулах нөхцлүүд
  • Санхүүгийн нөөц, үйлчилгээний хүртээмж / боломж: Government incentives lacking Treatment through the SLM Approach: Cost-effective technology demonstrated; planting materials and other logistic support provided
  • Бүтэц зохион байгуулалт: Weak institutional collaboration for technology development and demonstration Treatment through the SLM Approach: Collaboration with local youth club; formation of user committee and task force
  • Хууль, эрхзүйн хүрээ (газар эзэмшил, газар, ус ашиглах эрх): The existing land ownership, land use rights / water rights hindered a little the approach implementation The land is owned by the state and prior to starting the work there was a conflict over where the boundaries lay. Adjacent private landowners illegally claimed a part of the land but withdrew their claims before the rehabilitation work started. The existing land ownership and land use rights hindered the implementation of the approach at the beginning.
  • ГТМ-ийн талаарх мэдлэг, техникийн дэмжлэг авах боломж: Limited knowledge of appropriate SWC technologies and limited technical know-how to implement them Treatment through the SLM Approach: On-site training and exchange visits organised to demonstration sites

Талуудын оролцоо ба үүрэг

Арга барилд оролцогч талууд болон тэдгээрийн үүрэг
Ямар оролцогч талууд / хэрэгжүүлэгч байгууллагууд арга барилд оролцож байсан бэ? Оролцогч талуудыг тодорхойлно уу Оролцогч талуудын үүргийг тайлбарлана уу
Орон нутгийн газар ашиглагч / орон нутгийн иргэд Planning, implementing SLM activities and protection. Men and women worked equally. About 450 villagers participated in the rehabilitation activities. Women's participation was a little higher, they provided 56% of the labour.
ГТМ-ийн мэргэжилтэн/ хөдөө аж ахуйн зөвлөх
ТББ Technical and logistics support
Засгийн газар (шийдвэр гаргагч, төлөвлөгч)
Тэргүүлэх байгууллага
Initiation and implementation by local youth club representing land users. Technical and logistics support by national specialists
Арга барилын янз бүрийн үе шатанд орон нутгийн газар ашиглагчид / бүлгүүдийг татан оролцуулах
үгүй
идэвхигүй
Гадаад дэмжлэг
интерактив
өөрийн хүчийг нэгтгэсэн
санаачлага/идэвхжүүлэлт
Local youth club approached PARDYP for technical help during a meeting.
Төлөвлөгөө
Public meetings organised to share responsibilities. Land users took responsibility for land preparation, planting, protection, grazing control, and overall management of planted species. Men and women performed planned activities together. Construction of eyebrow pits done mostly by men. Filling o
Хэрэгжилт
Self-mobilised group under leadership of youth club implemented the activities; technical guidance during implementing period provided by project
Мониторинг/ үнэлгээ
Survival of planted species, effect of eyebrow pits, performance of species and check dams were monitored/observed. Results shared in public meetings and reported to the project
Research
Арга барил хэрэгжүүлэх бүдүүвч

PARDP project donors and implementing partners: SDC: (Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation); IDRC (Internat. Development Research Centre); ICIMOD

Зохиогч: Dhakal Madhav
ГТМ-ийн технологи сонгох шийдвэр гаргах явц

Шийдвэр гаргасан этгээд

  • Газар ашиглагч дангаараа (өөрийн санаачлага)
  • ГТМ-ийн мэргэжилтнүүдийн дэмжлэгтэйгээр, голчлон газар ашиглагчид
  • оролцооны зарчмын хэсэг болох бүх холбогдох талууд
  • голдуу ГТМ-ийн мэргэжилтнүүд, газар ашиглагчидтай зөвлөлдсөний үндсэн дээр
  • ГТМ-ийн мэргэжилтэн дангаараа
  • улс төрчид / удирдагчид

Шийдвэр гаргах үндэслэл нь

  • ГТМ-ийн мэдлэгийг баримтжуулалтын үнэлгээ (нотолгоонд суурилсан шийдвэр гаргах)
  • Судалгааны үр дүн, ололтууд
  • Хувь хүний туршлага ба санал бодол (баримтжуулаагүй)

Техникийн туслалцаа, чадавхи бий болгох болон мэдлэгийн менежмент

Дараах үйл ажиллагаа эсвэл үйлчилгээ нь арга барилын нэг хэсэг болсон
Чадавхи бэхжүүлэх / сургалт
Дараах сонирхогч талуудад сургалт хийсэн
  • Газар ашиглагчид
  • хээрийн ажилтан / зөвлөх
Сургалтын хэлбэр
  • Ажил дээр
  • фермерээс -фермер
  • үзүүлэнгийн талбай
  • Олон нийтийн уулзалт
  • курс дамжаа
Хамарсан сэдэв

On-site training sessions were organised for establishing the eyebrow pits, contour hedgerows, gully treatments, and check dams and their maintenance.

Зөвлөх үйлчилгээ
Зөвлөх үйлчилгээ үзүүлсэн
  • Газар ашиглагчийн талбай дээр
  • Тогтмол төвд
Name of method used for advisory service: Rehabilitation of degraded land thorough demonstration and training; Key elements: On site training, Demonstration, Exchange visits and public meetings; After implementing the technology, a number of exchange and interaction, audio visual presentation, and monitoring programmes were carried out as a scaling up strategy.

Advisory service is quite adequate to ensure the continuation of land conservation activities; Trained human resources can continue the activities.
Институцийг бэхжүүлэх
Институци бэхжисэн / бий болсон
  • Үгүй
  • Тийм, бага
  • Тийм, дунд зэрэг
  • Тийм, маш их
дараах түвшинд
  • Орон нутгийн
  • Бүс нутгийн
  • Үндэсний
Байгууллага, үүрэг, хариуцлага, гишүүд зэргийг тодорхойлно уу.
Дэмжлэгийн төрөл
  • Санхүүгийн
  • чадавхи бэхжүүлэх / сургалт
  • Тоног төхөөрөмж
Дэлгэрэнгүй мэдээлэл
Technical training was provided to local youth club.
Мониторинг ба үнэлгээ
bio-physical aspects were ad hoc monitored through observations; indicators: soil type and texture technical aspects were regular monitored through measurements; indicators: performance of planted species and their survival rates socio-cultural aspects were ad hoc monitored through observations; indicators: preferred tree species and closing the area for grazing economic / production aspects were ad hoc monitored through observations; indicators: seed and grass production no. of land users involved aspects were ad hoc monitored through observations; indicators: participation in maintaining planted species and structures There were no changes in the Approach as a result of monitoring and evaluation: The users increased the size of the eyebrow pits and dug new pits and extended the hedgerow lines to fill in gaps; but the overall approach was not changed.
Судалгаа
Судалгаа нь дараах сэдвийг хамарсан
  • Социологи
  • Эдийн засаг/ зах зээл
  • Экологи
  • Технологи

Research was not a major focus of the approach although the performance and survival rates of planted species, and performance of eyebrow pits and connecting drainage trenches were regularly observed.

Research was carried out on-farm

Санхүүжилт болон хөндлөнгийн материаллаг дэмжлэг

ГТМ-ийн бүрэлдэхүүн хэсгийн жилийн төсөв ам.доллараар
  • < 2,000
  • 2,000-10,000
  • 10,000-100,000
  • 100,000-1,000,000
  • > 1,000,000
Precise annual budget: тодорхойгүй
Approach costs were met by the following donors: international (SDC, IDRC, ICIMOD): 90.0%; local community / land user(s) (materials and tools for training): 10.0%
Газар ашиглагч нарт дараах урамшуулал, үйлчилгээг үзүүлсэн
  • Газар ашиглагчдад санхүүгийн / материаллаг дэмжлэг үзүүлсэн
  • Тодорхой хөрөнгө оруулалтанд нөхөн олговор олгох
  • Кредит
  • Бусад урамшуулал, хэрэгсэл
хэсэгчлэн санхүүждэг
Бүрэн санхүүждэг
Seedlings

Some locally arranged and some from forest departm

Газар ашиглагчаас гаргасан хөдөлмөр хүчний зардал

Нөлөөллийн дүн шинжилгээ ба дүгнэлт

Арга барилын үр нөлөө
Үгүй
Тийм, бага зэрэг
Тийм, зарим
Тийм, их
Арга барил нь ГТМ-ийн технологийг хэрэгжүүлж, хадгалахад газар ашиглагчдад тусласан уу?

An organized land users' group was formed, and awareness on SLM increased.

Арга барил нь ГТМ-ийн технологийг хэрэгжүүлэхэд саад учруулсан газрын эзэмшил / ашиглах эрхийг сайжруулахад чиглэсэн үү?

Project requested the users to solve the problem before rehabilitation work, users community and private land users solved the issue by measuring area of the community land. An authorized technician from the government office helped solving the issue.

Did other land users / projects adopt the Approach?

The approach adopted during rehabilitation activities is quite standard and is taken by many other land management and community development projects.

Газар ашиглагчид ГТМ хэрэгжүүлэх болсон үндсэн шалтгаан
  • үйлдвэрлэл нэмэгдсэн
  • Ашиг нэмэгдсэн (боломж), зардал-үр ашгийн харьцаа сайжирсан
  • Газрын доройтол буурсан
  • Гамшигийн эрсдэл буурсан
  • Ажлын ачаалал бууруулсан
  • төлбөр / татаас
  • дүрэм журам (торгууль) / сахиулах
  • нэр хүнд, нийгмийн дарамт / нийгмийн холбоо
  • Сүлжээ/ бүлэг төсөл/ хөдөлгөөнд гишүүнээр элсүүлэх
  • Байгаль орчны ухамсар
  • зан заншил, ёс суртахуун
  • ГТМ-ийн мэдлэг, туршлага дээшилсэн
  • гоо зүйн сайжруулалт
  • зөрчилдөөнийг бууруулах
Арга барилын хүрээнд хэрэгжүүлсэн үйл ажиллагааны тогтвортой байдал
Газар ашиглагчид арга барилаар дамжуулан хэрэгжүүлсэн арга хэмжээг тогтвортой үргэлжлүүлж чадах уу (гадны дэмжлэггүйгээр)?
  • Үгүй
  • Тийм
  • Тодорхойгүй

Дүгнэлт, сургамж

Давуу тал: газар ашиглагчийн бодлоор
  • Suitable technologies were shared and valuable knowledge given during the rehabilitation work (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Continue this incorporating new ideas)
  • Community institution strengthened, and some money (US$ 17) raised by selling grasses and grass seed within two years of rehabilitation. Money used for social activities (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: As above)
Давуу тал: эмхэтгэгч эсвэл бусад мэдээлэл өгсөн хүмүүсийн бодлоор
  • Site visits and focus group discussion meetings were effective for disseminating and scaling up the approach (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Continue these initiatives on a regular basis to strengthen land users??? involvement in SLM activities)
  • Among total participants, women's participation was higher. User committee was made up of just women (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Continue this)
  • The local youth club played a key role in rehabilitation activities - a key factor for sustainability and continuity (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: More local institutions should be identified and involved.)
  • This is a bottom-up approach with the rehabilitation activities purely demand driven. Farmers' priorities for tree species to be planted were identified in a participatory way (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Continue by including new priorities)
Сул тал/ дутагдал / эрсдэл: газар ашиглагчийн бодлоордаван туулах боломжууд
  • Research was not a main focus of the activity, and not enough options were explored. Explore and test more options
Сул тал/ дутагдал / эрсдэл: эмхэтгэгч эсвэл бусад мэдээлэл өгсөн хүмүүсийн бодлоордаван туулах боломжууд
  • Collaboration with government line agencies was lacking Rehabilitation work should be carried out involving all main stakeholders

Суурь мэдээлэлүүд

Эмхэтгэгч
  • Madhav Dhakal
Хянан тохиолдуулагчид
Хянагч
  • Fabian Ottiger
Баримтжуулсан огноо: 19 1-р сар 2009
Сүүлийн шинэчлэл: 09 7-р сар 2017
Мэдээлэл өгсөн хүн
WOCAT мэдээллийн сан дахь бүрэн тодорхойлолт
Холбогдох ГТМ мэдээлэл
Баримтжуулалтыг зохион байгуулсан
Байгууллага Төсөл
Гол сурвалж баримт сэлт
  • ICIMOD (2007) Good Practices in Watershed Management, Lessons Learned in the Mid Hills of Nepal. Kathmandu: ICIMOD: ICOMOD
This work is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareaAlike 4.0 International