Research results of applying new afforestation technology P 2013-0555 in arid areas (Dr. Blagoje Pejić)
1. This technology has been applied in arid conditions Ramsko golubačka peščara Sands (East Serbia). This semi deserts is one of three located in Serbia. As is known, all the ecosystems (agro, forest and water ecosystems) in the surrounding of sands and deserts are highly endangered by wind erosion, which causes movement and transport of the sand and damage to people, agronomy and biodiversity. This is poor area, inhabited by the Roma population - highly affected by the consequences of moving sands;
2. This process of complete mulching of land with specific polyethylene foil enables use of poor habitat conditions (high temperature, insolation and etc) tor a positive impact on the development of plants. This innovative technology provides fully use of the reserves of moisture and mineral matters in the soil, as well as intensification of the process of photosynthesis of cultivated plants, which are the main reasons for the rapid growth and exceptionally good overall condition of young plantations
3 The purpose of this technology is to increase success of the procedure and ensure the achievement of the targeted functionality of woody plants (binding and greening sands, ensuring of food and wind shelter for humans and wild animals, increasing biodiversity) in a much shorter period of time than traditional methods afforestation.
4. In relation to the works that follow the classical techniques to raise woody plants, for this patented technology is necessary to additionally provide a trained workforce for the setting up of mulch, specific material for mulching and license to use the patent. To establish this technology trained workforces are required to set up the specific materials for mulching, taking care of the plants, as well a license to use the patented technology must be acquired
5. Based on the principle “make it and leave it” this technological process enables the following conditions: no need for additional irrigation; no need for mechanical soil cultivation before afforestation; no need for additional manpower and works that are required in maintaining young forest plantations raised by classical methods of afforestation (hoeing, inter-row processing, harrowing, weeds and stump sprout removing...); in the next 3-5 years completely prevented the appearance of unwanted species of plants (weeds) without the use of chemicals; no environmental pollution; no soil erosion as well as rinsing and removal of humus on slopes; fructification of fruit tree species starting earlier, shelterbelts and snow protective belts are usable for far less time, the sands bind is faster, afforestation of degraded land and the process of rehabilitation and recultivation is shortened, production cycle of energy crops takes less time and give faster return on investment, binding of sands and stop wind erosion has a positive impact on the microclimate of whole sandy area and helps to increase the biodiversity as well as increase of yields of agricultural crop.
6. Although the cumulative amount of costs of implementing the patented technology is much lower compared to the works following the classic techniques to raise woody plants, an aggravating circumstance for the use of this technology may be the obligation to hold a license to use the patent and greater capital investment in the first year of plantation. Users especially likes fact that young plantations reaches the targeted purposes for drastically shorter time, without additional irrigation.
Байршил: Ramsko golubačka peščara Sands, Veliko Gradište, Серб
Дүн шинжилгээнд хамрагдсан технологи нэвтрүүлсэн газрын тоо: 2-10 байршилд
Технологийн тархалт: газар дээр жигд тархсан
Тусгай хамгаалалттай газар нутагт?:
Хэрэгжилтийн огноо: <10 жилийн өмнө (саяхны)
Нутагшууллын төрөл
| Зардлын нэр, төрөл | Хэмжих нэгж | Тоо хэмжээ | Нэгжийн үнэ (€ (Euro)) | Зардал бүрийн нийт өртөг (€ (Euro)) | Нийт дүнгээс газар ашиглагчийн төлсөн % |
| Хөдөлмөр эрхлэлт | |||||
| workers | person - days | 37.0 | 35.0 | 1295.0 | |
| skilled labor force | person - days | 3.0 | 100.0 | 300.0 | |
| Тоног төхөөрөмж | |||||
| Machine hours | working hours | 10.0 | 15.0 | 150.0 | |
| Tools | kom | 10.0 | 10.0 | 100.0 | |
| таримал материал | |||||
| Seedlings | kom | 1300.0 | 1.0 | 1300.0 | |
| Бордоо ба биоцид | |||||
| Zeolite | kg | 910.0 | 0.32 | 291.2 | |
| Барилгын материал | |||||
| Material for mulching | square meter | 10000.0 | 0.22 | 2200.0 | |
| Бусад | |||||
| Licence | ha | 1.0 | 500.0 | 500.0 | |
| Transport of seedlings | Euro | 1300.0 | 0.01 | 13.0 | |
| Transport of workers | Euro | 37.0 | 0.7 | 25.9 | |
| Технологи бий болгох нийт үнэ өртөг | 6'175.1 | ||||
| Технологи бий болгох нийт үнэ өртөг, ам.доллар | 6'175.1 | ||||
| Зардлын нэр, төрөл | Хэмжих нэгж | Тоо хэмжээ | Нэгжийн үнэ (€ (Euro)) | Зардал бүрийн нийт өртөг (€ (Euro)) | Нийт дүнгээс газар ашиглагчийн төлсөн % |
| Хөдөлмөр эрхлэлт | |||||
| workers | person - days | 3.0 | 35.0 | 105.0 | |
| Технологийн арчилгаа/урсгал үйл ажиллагаанд шаардагдах нийт үнэ өртөг | 105.0 | ||||
| Технологи арчилах ба урсгал ажлын нийт үнэ өртөг, ам.доллар | 105.0 | ||||
ГТМ хэрэгжихээс өмнөх тоо хэмжээ: -3
ГТМ хэрэгжиснээс хойшхи тоо хэмжээ: 3
During studied period in the “Ramsko-Golubačka peščara” Sands, recorded seedling survival rate:
on the experimental area 80-100%;
on the control area 0-7%.
ГТМ хэрэгжихээс өмнөх тоо хэмжээ: -2
ГТМ хэрэгжиснээс хойшхи тоо хэмжээ: 3
During studied period in the “Ramsko-Golubačka peščara” Sands, seedlings showed vigorous growth, a large amount of leaf mass, and excellent overall vitality of the plants, which the results are unusual even for a very good habitat!
on the experimental area H = 3m;
on the control area H = 0.5m
ГТМ хэрэгжихээс өмнөх тоо хэмжээ: -2
ГТМ хэрэгжиснээс хойшхи тоо хэмжээ: 3
In accordance with ecology cultivated species of trees - this technology, even in unfavorable habitats, enables faster growth of cultivated plant species, thus shortening the transition from plantations in the forest, and to achieve specific purposes, which indicates that the used method has success, even in harsh climates sands and deserts, where classical methods of afforestation does not give the desired results.
ГТМ хэрэгжихээс өмнөх тоо хэмжээ: -3
ГТМ хэрэгжиснээс хойшхи тоо хэмжээ: 3
This new patented technology (P 2013-055) provides, even in the extremely harsh environmental conditions, better water and air regime of soil, which improves overall quality of the land and drastically increases the chances for success of the afforestation
ГТМ хэрэгжихээс өмнөх тоо хэмжээ: -2
ГТМ хэрэгжиснээс хойшхи тоо хэмжээ: 2
The new technology of raising forest provides sustainable use of soils of lower quality (sands).
ГТМ хэрэгжихээс өмнөх тоо хэмжээ: -1
ГТМ хэрэгжиснээс хойшхи тоо хэмжээ: 2
The cost of applying these technological methods of raising young seedlings were higher in the first year of life, but the cumulative costs, over a five-year maintenance period plantation tree species, is much lower than in traditional afforestation methods.
ГТМ хэрэгжихээс өмнөх тоо хэмжээ: -3
ГТМ хэрэгжиснээс хойшхи тоо хэмжээ: 3
All the ecosystems (agro, forest and water ecosystems) near the deserts are highly endangered by different destructive processes, primarily by wind erosion. Wind erosion is a very destructive factor, causes movement and transport of the sand and consequential damages to people, agricultural crops and entire biodiversity. This is why the community in the Veliko Gradište (Eastern Serbia), especially people who are living on the periphery of the Ramsko golubačka peščara Sands - where themselves provide food (fruits of the forest) and job (forestry and agriculture), is highly affected by the consequences of moving sands.
This technology have a special significance for the wider community because it provides a successful model for stopping desertification and conservation/enhancement of biodiversity and protect settlements and agricultural crops from the negative effects of moving sands.
ГТМ хэрэгжихээс өмнөх тоо хэмжээ: -1
ГТМ хэрэгжиснээс хойшхи тоо хэмжээ: 2
The new technology provides sustainable use of soils of lower quality (sands) by raising forest/orchards plantations and, in same time, provides food and wind shelter for humans and wild animals on the long-term period.
ГТМ хэрэгжихээс өмнөх тоо хэмжээ: -3
ГТМ хэрэгжиснээс хойшхи тоо хэмжээ: 3
Reduces the cost of water provide enough moisture for the life of cultivated plant species, without the need for irrigation young plants
ГТМ хэрэгжихээс өмнөх тоо хэмжээ: 0
ГТМ хэрэгжиснээс хойшхи тоо хэмжээ: 3
This patented technology provides improvement of the water-air properties, Also, water retention of precipitation in the root zone of cultivated species is provided on the way that moisture is accessible only to the cultivated plants.
ГТМ хэрэгжихээс өмнөх тоо хэмжээ: -2
ГТМ хэрэгжиснээс хойшхи тоо хэмжээ: 2
ГТМ хэрэгжихээс өмнөх тоо хэмжээ: -1
ГТМ хэрэгжиснээс хойшхи тоо хэмжээ: 2
The occurrence of unwanted (invasive alien) species of plants is completely prevented , without the use of chemicals;
ГТМ хэрэгжихээс өмнөх тоо хэмжээ: -1
ГТМ хэрэгжиснээс хойшхи тоо хэмжээ: 2
Increasing forest area and providing food and shelter for wildlife has a positive impact on increasing biodiversity
ГТМ хэрэгжихээс өмнөх тоо хэмжээ: -3
ГТМ хэрэгжиснээс хойшхи тоо хэмжээ: 2
This technology provide enough moisture for the life of cultivated plant species without the need for irrigation young plants, improves soil moisture regime reducing the cost of water, without the negative trends in terms of the presence of nutrients and without additional irrigation - relying only on the water from atmospheric precipitates;
