A pile of manure covered with grass to minimize ammonia valatilization and left for microbial decay (Allan Bubelwa (Box 38 Kyaka Kagera Tanzania))
Multiplier banana fertilization is a system where rapid growing small ruminants (preferably dairy goats) of low gestation period are kept under zero grazing within a banana based (Kibanja) farming system and their excrement are used in complementing other fertilization of the banana fields. Dairy goats also improve diet of the rural poor and diversify their income. The animals were initially supported by SLM projects as quick win income generating motivation/incentives to farmer who spent their valuable time in SLM activities of long term benefit realization. In multiplier fertilization, a farmer starts only with a few numbers of animals (as kick start). Usually 2 female dairy goats and one improved male goat (buck) suffice. Goat dung collected from the shed is used to perform selective and on spot application of manure to banana plants. Because of their rapid growth and short gestation nature, goats multiplies and increase in number within few years and at the same time in multiplier terms farmers spread and apply manure to more banana plants. Farmers begin with a small animal shed of usually carrying capacity of 4 to 6 goats and can expand it as goat increases. Goats feed on products cut and carried outside or within the kibanja farm. Animals also feed on domestic residuals (e.g. banana peels), food supplements and water for their maximum performance. Goat dung is collected weekly from the shed and is piled in layers, covered with grass and kept shaded under banana canopies to allow microbial action and minimize nutrient loss through volatilization. Depending on the growth stage of banana, dry manure is applied on sport and selectively after every three months of microbial decay. The numbers of animal increases year after year at the same time farmer benefit from the use/sale of animal product (milk in the short term and meat in the long term) and in multiplier manner continue expanding manure application to other banana plants. Manure from goats contributes in improved banana productivity. Benefits accrued from goats also motivate and induce farmers’ patience in terms of their participation in SLM interventions of long term benefit realization.
Purpose of the Technology: Purposes: improved banana productivity, livelihood diversification, income of the rural poor and soil ecosystem through fertility and organic matter replenishment.
Establishment / maintenance activities and inputs: Establishment activities includes, kick start support of farmers with goats (two dairy goats and an improved buck), construction of the goat shed (100% borne by land user to inculcate self-initiative and ownership) and purchase of working tools (spade, rake, hand hoe).
Recurrent activities largely includes, fetching fodders and feeding the animals (cut and carry products outside or within the kibanja), weekly cleaning of the goat shed and manure collection, manure heaping and grass covering for microbial decay/reducing nutrient volatilization, spreading/cooling, monthly on spot and selective application of manure to banana plants, milking of the animals, disease control/deworming and providing supplements.
Natural / human environment: Multiplier banana manure application is used in kibanja farming system in sub humid tropical highland plateau/plains of 1000 -1500m a.s.l. with annual rainfall between 1000 – 1500mm, moderate soil depth and medium loam textural class.
Is used by small scale land users both men and women individual households. In Kibanja farm, land ownership is largely individual not titled and is acquired through inheritance. Production system is mixed (both for subsistence and commercial).
Байршил: Missenyi Disrict/ Kiziba division/ Kitobo ward/ Kyazi village, Tanzania/Kagera, Бүгд Найрамдах Нэгдсэн Танзани Улс
Дүн шинжилгээнд хамрагдсан технологи нэвтрүүлсэн газрын тоо:
Технологийн тархалт: газар дээр жигд тархсан (approx. < 0.1 км2 (10 га))
Тусгай хамгаалалттай газар нутагт?:
Хэрэгжилтийн огноо: <10 жилийн өмнө (саяхны)
Нутагшууллын төрөл
| Зардлын нэр, төрөл | Хэмжих нэгж | Тоо хэмжээ | Нэгжийн үнэ (Tanzanian shillings) | Зардал бүрийн нийт өртөг (Tanzanian shillings) | Нийт дүнгээс газар ашиглагчийн төлсөн % |
| Тоног төхөөрөмж | |||||
| Tools | piece | 5.0 | 2.8 | 14.0 | 100.0 |
| Барилгын материал | |||||
| Goat shed | piece§ | 1.0 | 29.0 | 29.0 | 100.0 |
| Бусад | |||||
| Goats | piece | 3.0 | 70.33333 | 211.0 | |
| Технологи бий болгох нийт үнэ өртөг | 254.0 | ||||
| Технологи бий болгох нийт үнэ өртөг, ам.доллар | 0.15 | ||||
| Зардлын нэр, төрөл | Хэмжих нэгж | Тоо хэмжээ | Нэгжийн үнэ (Tanzanian shillings) | Зардал бүрийн нийт өртөг (Tanzanian shillings) | Нийт дүнгээс газар ашиглагчийн төлсөн % |
| Хөдөлмөр эрхлэлт | |||||
| Fetching fodder (cut and carry) and use of domestic residuals. | person/days | 120.0 | 1.175 | 141.0 | 100.0 |
| Cleaning shed and collecting manure | person/days | 26.0 | 0.8848 | 23.0 | 100.0 |
| Heaping manure and compost | person/days | 26.0 | 0.8848 | 23.0 | 100.0 |
| Tilling on sport and selective application around banana | person/days | 16.0 | 1.1875 | 19.0 | 100.0 |
| Бордоо ба биоцид | |||||
| Biocides | litres | 12.0 | 3.91666 | 47.0 | 100.0 |
| Бусад | |||||
| Labour: Disease control/de-worming | person/days | 26.0 | 1.1925 | 31.0 | 100.0 |
| Технологийн арчилгаа/урсгал үйл ажиллагаанд шаардагдах нийт үнэ өртөг | 284.0 | ||||
| Технологи арчилах ба урсгал ажлын нийт үнэ өртөг, ам.доллар | 0.17 | ||||
ГТМ хэрэгжихээс өмнөх тоо хэмжээ: 15-20kgs/banch
ГТМ хэрэгжиснээс хойшхи тоо хэмжээ: 35-40kgs/banch
manure application have contributed in increase of banana yield
ГТМ хэрэгжихээс өмнөх тоо хэмжээ: 0 goat per household
ГТМ хэрэгжиснээс хойшхи тоо хэмжээ: 3 goats per household
goats introduced through projects.
ГТМ хэрэгжихээс өмнөх тоо хэмжээ: 385 usd
ГТМ хэрэгжиснээс хойшхи тоо хэмжээ: 200 usd
manure received from goat overshadow the costs of fodder, concentrates and waters for goats
ГТМ хэрэгжихээс өмнөх тоо хэмжээ: 3.5 usd
ГТМ хэрэгжиснээс хойшхи тоо хэмжээ: 6.5 usd
net income gain due to use of manure
ГТМ хэрэгжихээс өмнөх тоо хэмжээ: 1 enterprise
ГТМ хэрэгжиснээс хойшхи тоо хэмжээ: 2 enterprises
additional income sources from goat keeping
ГТМ хэрэгжихээс өмнөх тоо хэмжээ: 0
ГТМ хэрэгжиснээс хойшхи тоо хэмжээ: 237
Increased labour needed for goat keeping
Farmer use additional income generated from banana production to pay for debts and other commitments like school fee and health expenses. Goats act as moving banks and contributes in farmer income assurance during the sensitive time e.g. sending children to school or wives to maternal/birth services. There is also nutritional improvement to farmers (farmers attain a balanced diet from milk protein).
ГТМ хэрэгжихээс өмнөх тоо хэмжээ: low
ГТМ хэрэгжиснээс хойшхи тоо хэмжээ: high
improved water holding capacity
ГТМ хэрэгжихээс өмнөх тоо хэмжээ: low N
ГТМ хэрэгжиснээс хойшхи тоо хэмжээ: high N
due to application of goat dung
ГТМ хэрэгжихээс өмнөх тоо хэмжээ: low
ГТМ хэрэгжиснээс хойшхи тоо хэмжээ: high
due to goat manure
ГТМ хэрэгжихээс өмнөх тоо хэмжээ: low
ГТМ хэрэгжиснээс хойшхи тоо хэмжээ: high
Increased soil micro-organism/insect
ГТМ хэрэгжихээс өмнөх тоо хэмжээ: low
ГТМ хэрэгжиснээс хойшхи тоо хэмжээ: high
Due to improved plant health.
