An example of an area treated once with a mixture of chemical fertilizer and grass seeds and for the next three years annually lightly fertilized. (Thorunn Petursdottir)
The rangelands in question are severely degraded, and parts of them have lost their topsoil layer entirely. Nevertheless, in many cases some remnant vegetation patches are still in place and can serve as seed banks during the restoration process. In order to stabilize the surface (i.e. to reduce the effects of freeze-thaw processes), to provide nutrients to the system, increase water availability and facilitate the spread of native species within the degraded areas, tractors are used to spread manure or hay over the denuded areas. All implementation is based on the methods and tools used in ecological restoration, aiming at re-activating environmental and ecological processes, and increasing the resilience of the ecosystems undergoing restoration. Denuded patches, preferably close to the remaining vegetation "islands", are covered with organic matter in order to stabilize the surface, facilitate seed production and dispersal and provide safe sites for germination.
Purpose of the Technology: The purpose of this technology is to halt further land degradation and facilitate natural succession within the area undergoing restoration. In the long-term, it should substantially reduce wind and water erosion. It should also lead to increased biodiversity, enhanced water availability and accelerated carbon sequestration (in the soil and vegetation). The overall restoration task is to increase the resilience of the ecosystems to natural hazards, including volcanic activity.
Establishment / maintenance activities and inputs: In the first year, the areas are treated with a mixture of inorganic fertilizer that suits the local soil conditions, and grass seed of varieties that are proven to survive under harsh condition. A mixture of approx. 200 kg/ha of fertilizer and around 10 kg/ha of grass seed (usually a mixture of Poa and Festuca species) is spread over the treated area. The year after, the area is treated again, this time with fertilizer only (approx. 100-150 kg/ha). Then the area is usually treated biannually for 4 to 6 years, based on the vegetational succession rate.
Natural / human environment: In the long-term, the technology is expected to substantially increase biomass production, re-build soil qualities, accelerate carbon sequestration and secure water availability within the rangeland and the adjacent ecosystems. The areas still grazed are assumed to be more suitable for grazing and the protected areas are expected to be of better recreational and aesthetic value. The increased vegetation cover will reduce, and even halt, the sand drift that still creates challenges for inhabitants in adjacent villages, on farmsteads and within the summerhouse clusters scattered around the area. As the degraded rangeland is in the vicinity of an active volcano (Mt Hekla) the technology is also expected to increase ecosystem resilience against natural hazards like ash and pumice drift and reduce potential offsite damage caused by these materials.
Байршил: Rangarvellir, Rangarthing Ytra, Исланд
Дүн шинжилгээнд хамрагдсан технологи нэвтрүүлсэн газрын тоо:
Технологийн тархалт:
Тусгай хамгаалалттай газар нутагт?:
Хэрэгжилтийн огноо: >50 жилийн өмнө (уламжлалт)
Нутагшууллын төрөл
| Зардлын нэр, төрөл | Хэмжих нэгж | Тоо хэмжээ | Нэгжийн үнэ (ISK) | Зардал бүрийн нийт өртөг (ISK) | Нийт дүнгээс газар ашиглагчийн төлсөн % |
| Хөдөлмөр эрхлэлт | |||||
| Fertilizing and re-seeding | ha | 1.0 | 6600.0 | 6600.0 | |
| Тоног төхөөрөмж | |||||
| Machine use | ha | 1.0 | 63000.0 | 63000.0 | 100.0 |
| таримал материал | |||||
| Seeds (20kg) | ha | 1.0 | 13700.0 | 13700.0 | |
| Бордоо ба биоцид | |||||
| Fertilizer (200kg) | ha | 1.0 | 11800.0 | 11800.0 | |
| Технологи бий болгох нийт үнэ өртөг | 95'100.0 | ||||
| Технологи бий болгох нийт үнэ өртөг, ам.доллар | 689.13 | ||||
| Зардлын нэр, төрөл | Хэмжих нэгж | Тоо хэмжээ | Нэгжийн үнэ (ISK) | Зардал бүрийн нийт өртөг (ISK) | Нийт дүнгээс газар ашиглагчийн төлсөн % |
| Хөдөлмөр эрхлэлт | |||||
| Labour | |||||
| Тоног төхөөрөмж | |||||
| Machine use | 100.0 | ||||
| Бордоо ба биоцид | |||||
| fertilizer | |||||
| Бусад | |||||
| Total Cost 2. Year | ha | 1.0 | 19000.0 | 19000.0 | |
| Total Cost 3. Year | ha | 1.0 | 19000.0 | 19000.0 | |
| Total Cost 4. Year | ha | 1.0 | 19000.0 | 19000.0 | |
| Технологийн арчилгаа/урсгал үйл ажиллагаанд шаардагдах нийт үнэ өртөг | 57'000.0 | ||||
| Технологи арчилах ба урсгал ажлын нийт үнэ өртөг, ам.доллар | 413.04 | ||||
