Focused group discussion with users during documentation.

Common Interest Group Approach in Watershed Development (Índia)

Descrição

Group is formed based on a common interest such as irrigation to their fileds from the diversion weir.

Aims / objectives: 1. To creat village level organisation so that post project maintenance is ensured. 2. To encourage community participation in the programme. 3. To ensure equi-distribution of benefits.

Methods: Common Interest group implements the programme, mobilising resources from the watershed committee.

Stages of implementation: 1. Site selection. 2. Layout. 3. Foundation. 4. Construction of Superstructure. 5. Earthen embankment and guidebunds construction. 6. Turfing. 7. Construction of irrigation channel. 8. User's contribution during the process of implementation.

Localização

Localização: Orissa, Índia

Geo-referência de locais selecionados
  • 84.0, 20.0

Data de início: 2005

Ano de término: 2010

Tipo de abordagem
Focused group discussion with users during documentation.
In the field discussion with users during documentation.

Objetivos de aproximação e ambiente propício

Principais metas / objetivos da abordagem
The Approach focused mainly on SLM with other activities (Cropping system, Irrigation)

Oranise community into common interest group; build their capacity, provide financial support and guide them to implement their own programme in a participatory manner so that the post project sustainability is ensured and the benefits from the project reaches to the right people with right propertion.

The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: natural calamity(drought); Poverty;Illiteracy; Sustainability in agriculture production, Poor socio economic conditio of the people
Condições que permitem a implementação da Tecnologia(s) aplicada(s) sob a Abordagem
Condições que dificultam a implementação da Tecnologia(s) aplicada(s) sob a Abordagem
  • Normas e valores sociais/culturais/religiosos: Do not unite to solve a problem Treatment through the SLM Approach: Organised into groups, identified their common problem and came out the possible solution
  • Disponibilidade/acesso a recursos e serviços financeiros: People are not able to afford the cost Treatment through the SLM Approach: WORLP provided financial support for construction of the structure
  • Quadro jurídico (posse de terra, direitos de uso da terra e da água): The existing land ownership, land use rights / water rights hindered a little the approach implementation Due to low land holding, the number of land users are high; thus the community mobilisation is less effective.
  • Conhecimento sobre GST, acesso a suporte técnico: lack technical knowledge Treatment through the SLM Approach: SWC specialist assisted in planning, designing and implementation of the structure

Participação e papel das partes interessadas envolvidas

Partes interessadas envolvidas na abordagem e seus papéis
Que partes interessadas/órgãos de implementação estavam envolvidos na abordagem? Especifique as partes interessadas Descreva o papel das partes interessadas
Usuários de terra/comunidades locais Working land users were mainly men Men are worried about the land degradation and irigation where as women are concerned with the types of crops. 45 marginal and small farmers are benefiting from the structure. They were formed into a group and all the group members were involved during the decision making process like selection of site, layout of the channel etc.
Especialistas em GST/ consultor agrícola
Governo nacional (planejadores, responsáveis pelas decisões)
Agência líder
The concept of common interest group was developed by social scientists.
Envolvimento do usuários de terra/comunidades locais nas diferentes fases da abordagem
Nenhum
Passivo
Apoio externo
Participativo
Automobilização
Iniciação/motivação
x
Mainly:rapid/participatory rural appraisal; partly: public meetings; Situational analysis was done using participatory tools like Social map ,Resource map and Transect.
Planejamento
x
rapid/participatory rural appraisal
Implementação
x
Mainly: responsibility for major steps; partly: casual labour; Community contribution, Quality control, arraning of materials and labours were the major tasks performed by the land users.
Monitoramento/avaliação
x
Mainly: measurements/observations; partly: public meetings; They were taking measurements as per the estimate while the construction was going on. They were also ensuring proper mix of materials while preparing mixtures of sand, cement, chips.
Research
x
Fluxograma

Tomada de decisão sobre a seleção da Tecnologia GST

As decisões foram tomadas por

  • Somente usuários da terra (iniciativa própria)
  • Principalmente usuários da terra, apoiados por especialistas em GST
  • todos os atores relevantes, como parte de uma abordagem participativa
  • Principalmente especialistas em GST, após consulta com usuários da terra
  • Somente especialistas em GST
  • Políticos/líderes

As decisões foram tomadas com base em

  • Avaliação de conhecimento bem documentado de GST (tomada de decisão baseada em evidências)
  • Resultados de pesquisa
  • Experiência pessoal e opiniões (não documentado)

Suporte técnico, reforço das capacidades e gestão do conhecimento

As seguintes atividades ou serviços têm sido parte da abordagem
Reforço das capacidades/formação
Foi fornecido treinamento às seguintes partes interessadas
  • Usuários de terra
  • Equipe de campo/consultores
  • SWC specialists
Tipo de formação
  • Em exercício
  • Agricultor para agricultor
  • Áreas de demonstração
  • Reuniões públicas
  • Cursos
Assuntos abordados

Class room as well as on farm training provided to land users.

Serviço de consultoria
Foi prestado um serviço de consultoria
  • nas áreas dos usuários da terra
  • Em centros permanentes
Name of method used for advisory service: Participatory extension methods and exposure to successful sites, demo plots.; Key elements: Learning by Seeing, Learning by doing; 1) Advisory service was carried out through: projects own extension structure and agents 2) Advisory service was carried out through: projects own extension structure and agents; Extension staff: specifically hired project employees 3) Target groups for extension: land users

Advisory service is inadequate to ensure the continuation of land conservation activities; The staff strength in govt is very less, that is why project has hired experts from open markets and also developed community link workers for extension.
Fortalecimento institucional
As instituições foram fortalecidas / estabelecidas
  • Não
  • Sim, pouco
  • Sim, moderadamente
  • Sim, significativamente
no seguinte nível
  • Local
  • Regional
  • Nacional
Descreva instituição, papéis e responsabilidades, membros, etc.
Tipo de apoio
  • Financeiro
  • Reforço das capacidades/ formação
  • Equipamento
Mais detalhes
Monitoramento e avaliação
bio-physical aspects were regular monitored through measurements technical aspects were ad hoc monitored through measurements socio-cultural aspects were ad hoc monitored through observations economic / production aspects were ad hoc monitored through observations area treated aspects were regular monitored through observations management of Approach aspects were ad hoc monitored through observations There were few changes in the Approach as a result of monitoring and evaluation: Guidebank constructed to increase temporary storage in the structure. Increased participation and ownership. The CIG strengthened. Views of the land users respected and involved in decision making.
Pesquisa
As pesquisas trataram dos seguintes tópicos
  • Sociologia
  • Economia/Marketing
  • Ecologia
  • Tecnologia

Technology is looked with gender lens. Participatory technology development is an inbuilt strategy in the WORLP project.

Research was carried out on-farm

Financiamento e apoio material externo

Orçamento anual em USD para o componente GST
  • < 2.000
  • 2.000-10.000
  • 10.000-100.000
  • 100.000-1.000.000
  • > 1.000.000
Precise annual budget: n.a.
Approach costs were met by the following donors: local community / land user(s) (CIG members (50); Watershed Committee/other members (20)): 70.0%; other (Project Support): 30.0%
Os seguintes serviços ou incentivos foram fornecidos aos usuários de terras
  • Apoio financeiro/material concedido aos usuários da terra
  • Subsídios para insumos específicos
  • Crédito
  • Outros incentivos ou instrumentos

Análise de impactos e declarações finais

Impactos da abordagem
Não
Sim, pouco
Sim, moderadamente
Sim, significativamente
A abordagem auxiliou os usuários da terra a implementar e manter as tecnologias de GST?

Got water to their field since the water was diverted. 45-60 acres of land production and productivity increased.

x
A abordagem melhorou as questões de posse de terra/diretos do usuário que inibiam a implementação das tecnologias de GST?

Decision making is difficult.

x
Did other land users / projects adopt the Approach?

Other Watershed programme in the state has slowly adopting this approach

x
Principal motivação dos usuários da terra para implementar a GST
Atividades de sustentabilidade de abordagem
Os usuários da terra podem sustentar o que foi implementado através da Abordagem (sem apoio externo)?

They are now empowerd to take their own decisions. They are acting as pressure group and leveraging resources from other line departments.

Conclusões e experiências adquiridas

Pontos fortes: visão do usuário de terra
  • 'We will manage the Diversion weir, cultivate paddy, ground nut, Onion and Brinjal.' (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: We will maintain this structure from our own contribution.)
Pontos fortes: a visão do/a compilador/a ou de outra pessoa capacitada
  • Community Based Organisation are the local institutions which can manage their own. (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Limited support as and when required)
  • Self monitoring by the land users
  • Ownership (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: User rights ensured, common fund developed)
Pontos fracos/desvantagens/riscos: visão do usuário de terracomo superar
  • Since, SWC is a big investment. If, for some natural calamaity, the structure collapse it will be very difficult to reconstruct.
Pontos fracos/desvantagens/riscos: a visão do/a compilador/a ou de outra pessoa capacitadacomo superar
  • Sometime over ambitious since social change is very slow Expectation should not be raised while mobilising the community

Referências

Compilador/a
  • Philippe Zahner
Editores
Revisor
  • Fabian Ottiger
Data da documentação: 20 de Janeiro de 2009
Última atualização: 17 de Julho de 2017
Pessoas capacitadas
Descrição completa no banco de dados do WOCAT
Dados GST vinculados
A documentação foi facilitada por
Instituição Projeto
This work is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareaAlike 4.0 International