Stakeholders participation in the project activities (Índia)

Descrição

SWC approach is a participatory methodology to empower the community to plan, implement, monitor, evaluate and manage the SWC technology to bring about sustainability

Aims / objectives: (1) to develop a feeling of ownership, (2) to compare the management of assets created during and after the project in the sustainable manner, (3) to develop capacity amongst the weeker section of the community especially women and resource person, (4) to involve the community at every stage of implementation of the project.

Methods: (1) Participatory Rural Appriasal (PRA), (2) village resourse mapping, (3) training and exposure visits, (4) formation of self help groups, users groups, cattle brreders association, (5) sharing of costs and responsibility (6) partnership with other NGOs, (6) establishment of linkages and networking (7) empowering the coimmnunity throough the livelihood support programs

Stages of implementation: (1) creating awareness, (2) PRA excercises, (3) formation of village level institutions, (4) microplanning, (5) capacity building measures, (6) sharing of cost and responsibilities of management of common property resorses, (7) associating with NGOs and other institutions in rural development (example MANAGE, ICRISAT, University of Agricultural Sciences etc)

Role of stakeholders: (A) participants are of four category (1) project staff (government), (2) members of village level institutions, (3) NGOs and other link organizations and other institutions, (4) international donors (B) Roles :- (1) providing technical support and guidance at every stage of implementation, (2) participation at every stage of implementation, sharing of cost and responsibilities (3) Providing additional technical support (4) providing financial support, guidance, monitoring & evaluation at every stage of implementation.

Localização

Localização: Krnataka state, Índia

Geo-referência de locais selecionados
  • 75.73, 16.8

Data de início: 1997

Ano de término: 2004

Tipo de abordagem
.
Project Level Organogram of the KWDP Danida Bijapur (India).

Objetivos de aproximação e ambiente propício

Principais metas / objetivos da abordagem
The Approach focused on SLM only (farm pond, waterharvesting, holistic demonstration)

(1) to develop a feeling of ownership, (2) to compare the management of assets created during and after the project in the sustainable manner, (3) to develop capacity amongst the weeker section of the community, especially women and resource poors, (4) to involve the community at every stage of implementation of the project

The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: (1) The problem addressed include non involvement of the community at different stages of implementation of the project. (2) Lack of empowerment and capacity for the deprived class of the community
Condições que permitem a implementação da Tecnologia(s) aplicada(s) sob a Abordagem
Condições que dificultam a implementação da Tecnologia(s) aplicada(s) sob a Abordagem
  • Normas e valores sociais/culturais/religiosos: coming together of different community in the village, (2)over exploitation of natural resources Treatment through the SLM Approach: organizing the village community into different village level institutions based on their ideology and background, (2) creating awareness about the equitable distribution and organized the users groups
  • Disponibilidade/acesso a recursos e serviços financeiros: lack of funds to carry out the activities (2) lack of feeling of ownership Treatment through the SLM Approach: offered financial support using the cost, benefit and responsibility sharing concept
  • Quadro institucional: lack of village level institutions to take effective implementations Treatment through the SLM Approach: organised in the village community and establishing an authoritative body to plan, implement the structure
  • Quadro jurídico (posse de terra, direitos de uso da terra e da água): The existing land ownership, land use rights / water rights moderately hindered the approach implementation The land use rights did not hinder in private land treatments but because of the encroachment of the common land the SWC technology cannot be effectively implemented.
  • Conhecimento sobre GST, acesso a suporte técnico: use of high cost structure for SWC technology Treatment through the SLM Approach: demonstration of low cost technical structures

Participação e papel das partes interessadas envolvidas

Partes interessadas envolvidas na abordagem e seus papéis
Que partes interessadas/órgãos de implementação estavam envolvidos na abordagem? Especifique as partes interessadas Descreva o papel das partes interessadas
Usuários de terra/comunidades locais Village level institutiosn like SHG, UG, CBA, VWDC etc. Specific ethnic groups: Labmani community Men participation is more in VWDC and CBA while women participation is more in SHGs. the long lasting culture that women remain back and the men lead. The same thing was observed during the initial stages hwever there was considerable change in their understanding and attitude in the following years. Small land holders being part of the VWDC having authority to make decision about the activity to be implemented, they come from different SHGs, who are basically resource poor land users
Organização não governamental
Governo nacional (planejadores, responsáveis pelas decisões) Government of India/ Govt. of Karnataka, Department of Agriculture and watershed development department
Organização internacional Danida
Envolvimento do usuários de terra/comunidades locais nas diferentes fases da abordagem
Nenhum
Passivo
Apoio externo
Participativo
Automobilização
Iniciação/motivação
x
Mainly:rapid/participatory rural appraisal; partly: interviews/questionnaires; There were the village meeting (gram sabha), group discussions, participatory rural appriasal tools were implemented.
Planejamento
x
Mainly: interviews/questionnaires; partly: public meetings; The transect walks with farmers to their individual survey fields during preparation of action plans.
Implementação
x
Mainly: casual labour; partly: responsibility for major steps; The members of various village level institutions like VWDC used to be present while implementation of CWS activities on common land while those on their individual lands were taken care by respective farmers. Here the cost sharing was t
Monitoramento/avaliação
x
Mainly: measurements/observations; partly: reporting; As and when needed evaluation and status of the structures were taken care by both members and also individually.
Research
x
Fluxograma

Project Level Organogram of the KWDP Danida Bijapur (India)

Tomada de decisão sobre a seleção da Tecnologia GST

As decisões foram tomadas por

  • Somente usuários da terra (iniciativa própria)
  • Principalmente usuários da terra, apoiados por especialistas em GST
  • todos os atores relevantes, como parte de uma abordagem participativa
  • Principalmente especialistas em GST, após consulta com usuários da terra
  • Somente especialistas em GST
  • Políticos/líderes

As decisões foram tomadas com base em

  • Avaliação de conhecimento bem documentado de GST (tomada de decisão baseada em evidências)
  • Resultados de pesquisa
  • Experiência pessoal e opiniões (não documentado)

Suporte técnico, reforço das capacidades e gestão do conhecimento

As seguintes atividades ou serviços têm sido parte da abordagem
Reforço das capacidades/formação
Foi fornecido treinamento às seguintes partes interessadas
  • Usuários de terra
  • Equipe de campo/consultores
  • planners
Tipo de formação
  • Em exercício
  • Agricultor para agricultor
  • Áreas de demonstração
  • Reuniões públicas
  • Cursos
  • exposure visits, subject matter trainings
Assuntos abordados

Regular training were conducted on the subject matter and other technical aspects of various SWC to be implemented in the upper reach, middle reach and in the lower reach etc, for the farmers and other members of VLI, along with the regular other trainings on accounting & book keeping, capacity building etc.

Serviço de consultoria
Foi prestado um serviço de consultoria
  • nas áreas dos usuários da terra
  • Em centros permanentes
Name of method used for advisory service: group discussion, interaction, exposure visits; Key elements: group discussion, interaction, exposure visits; 1) Advisory service was carried out through: projects own extension structure and agents; Extension staff: mainly government employees 3) Target groups for extension: land users; Activities: subject matter trainings, orientation trainings etc

Advisory service is quite adequate to ensure the continuation of land conservation activities; Since the project staff has complete responsibility of the watershed and since all the staff is government staff, it is adequate for one watershed area.
Fortalecimento institucional
As instituições foram fortalecidas / estabelecidas
  • Não
  • Sim, pouco
  • Sim, moderadamente
  • Sim, significativamente
no seguinte nível
  • Local
  • Regional
  • Nacional
Descreva instituição, papéis e responsabilidades, membros, etc.
Tipo de apoio
  • Financeiro
  • Reforço das capacidades/ formação
  • Equipamento
Mais detalhes
Monitoramento e avaliação
bio-physical aspects were regular monitored through observations technical aspects were regular monitored through measurements socio-cultural aspects were regular monitored through observations economic / production aspects were regular monitored through measurements area treated aspects were regular monitored through observations no. of land users involved aspects were regular monitored through measurements management of Approach aspects were regular monitored through observations There were few changes in the Approach as a result of monitoring and evaluation: Like involving the people since day one of the project. First capacity development of the stakeholders and then implementing the activities etc. This would increase the sustainability of the project interventions.
Pesquisa
As pesquisas trataram dos seguintes tópicos
  • Sociologia
  • Economia/Marketing
  • Ecologia
  • Tecnologia

Not applicable

Financiamento e apoio material externo

Orçamento anual em USD para o componente GST
  • < 2.000
  • 2.000-10.000
  • 10.000-100.000
  • 100.000-1.000.000
  • > 1.000.000
Precise annual budget: n.a.
Approach costs were met by the following donors: international (donation by the donor agency DANIDA): 90.0%; local community / land user(s) (cost sharing): 10.0%
Os seguintes serviços ou incentivos foram fornecidos aos usuários de terras
  • Apoio financeiro/material concedido aos usuários da terra
  • Subsídios para insumos específicos
  • Crédito
  • Outros incentivos ou instrumentos
Parcialmente financiado
Totalmente financiado
Equipamento: Maquinário

x
Agrícola: Sementes

x
Seedlings and biocides

x
Community infrastructure

x

A mão-de-obra dos usuários da terra foi

Análise de impactos e declarações finais

Impactos da abordagem
Não
Sim, pouco
Sim, moderadamente
Sim, significativamente
A abordagem auxiliou os usuários da terra a implementar e manter as tecnologias de GST?

Improvement in the farm development, orchard, silvi pasture etc., replication of the SWC technology etc.

x
A abordagem melhorou as questões de posse de terra/diretos do usuário que inibiam a implementação das tecnologias de GST?

The participatory approach used by the project helped the community to come closure and understand each other problems and work for the village development. The problem is likely to be overcome in the near future.

x
Did other land users / projects adopt the Approach?

The other watershed development project in neighbourinng villages undertaken by KAWAD has also initiated the formationof cattle breeders association.

x
Principal motivação dos usuários da terra para implementar a GST
Atividades de sustentabilidade de abordagem
Os usuários da terra podem sustentar o que foi implementado através da Abordagem (sem apoio externo)?

Conclusões e experiências adquiridas

Pontos fortes: visão do usuário de terra
  • it has helped them to learn new technology by involving themselves (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: other project/ programs should involve these)
  • they have developed feeling of ownership (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: other projects/ programs should allow them to make decisions)
  • learnt te importance of living in harmony and resolving the conflicts (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: conflict resolution should be top most priority while implementing other projects/ programs)
  • they feel that their capacity and skills are enhanced by organizing the village level institutions. (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: on going support in terms of training and exposure visits should be continued.)
Pontos fortes: a visão do/a compilador/a ou de outra pessoa capacitada
  • Participatory approaches involves all the staeholders (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: in every other projects or programs the approach whould be continued.)
  • The land users should feel the ownership (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: feeling should be continue even after the withdrwal of the project for 1 or 2 years)
  • there will conntribution from all the stake holders (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: other government project should also develop the procedure of contribution)
  • it is te best tool to introduce the new technology (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: whenever the new technology is introduced all the stakeholders should be involved.)
  • Oppressed class of the people are also involved in the project activities (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: government projects/ programs should develop a system wherein the oppressed class in the community have a say over the decision making)
Pontos fracos/desvantagens/riscos: visão do usuário de terracomo superar
  • treatment of land with one of the forest activities and then SWC measures more focus on the SWC approach
  • ridge line approach taking up acivities in the lands which have been leftover during previous years
  • language problem when interacting with the people from the hamlets better facilitating and involving the educated people of the hamlets while interacting
  • formation of the users group focusig activities after the planting work is over organising the stakeholders in to UG before undertaking the activities.
  • not much imortance is given to the land users demands during the initial period especially regardnign field bunds before planting and implementing the activities, landusers demands should be taken into consideration
Pontos fracos/desvantagens/riscos: a visão do/a compilador/a ou de outra pessoa capacitadacomo superar
  • Low level of literacy Regular training and capacity building trainings
  • shortage of women staff in the project restricting the interaction with the women land owners Regular gender sensitization training to the project staff.

Referências

Compilador/a
  • Pranesh Jahagirdar
Editores
Revisor
  • Fabian Ottiger
Data da documentação: 21 de Janeiro de 2009
Última atualização: 18 de Julho de 2017
Pessoas capacitadas
Descrição completa no banco de dados do WOCAT
Dados GST vinculados
A documentação foi facilitada por
Instituição Projeto
This work is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareaAlike 4.0 International