Farmer mixing compost. (Pranode Somchaiyaphum)

Strengthening Farmers' Self-Grouping Participation in Organic Rice Production (Tailândia)

Descrição

A group of 253 farmers have participated in organic rice production covering an area of 6,000 rai (960 ha) since 1989. The organic rice has been certified as meeting the standards of OACT and IFOAM; more than 3,000 tons/yr have been exported.

The distinctive character of this farmers’ group is the production of organic crops by using organic fertilizers from agricultural by-products and residues from organic-fermented liquid kitchen wastes and green manure. The group has been successfully supported by private and public organizations. The main objectives are to produce organic rice for export for higher income, with the aim of better health for farmers and consumers – through avoiding agricultural chemical residues. The establishment of a learning and training center has been an important tool to scale-up and scale-out the activities; the certification of the products has been necessary to promote exports. The stages of implementation were as follows: (1) formulate and prioritize policy and plans by the committee of 20 farmers from the group; (2) organize meetings for the 253 farmer members to determine rice varieties and after-rice vegetables; (3) purchase raw materials for making compost from three sources of funds: first from the group by selling compost to non-members; second through the private export companies paying a premium of approx. 300,000 THB/yr to the group; and third, government agencies supporting materials for learning and training. This model of using organic fertilizers to produce organic crops is being scaled-out to 33 farmer groups in various districts of Yasothon Province. The main crop is organic rice, which is collected at the center for export. Implementation includes planting, tending the crop, harvesting, certification, and selling. The 253 farmers in the group produce and sell their own products in the local markets, and to restaurants and hospitals, while private companies purchase the rice for export. The Land Development Department provides the knowledge for making compost and organic-fermented liquid and also distributes green manure seeds and activators of bacteria and fungi for compost fermentation. The Department of Agricultural Extension provides funding in establishing the learning and training center and materials used for training. The Agricultural Cooperatives Promotion Department supports the development of skills in household accounting. The Department of Groundwater provides groundwater irrigation by drilling wells 30-40 m deep. The Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency provides solar cells as the source of energy. Private organizations such as OACT and IFOAM certify the organic food products. The farmer groups are fully satisfied with the quality of their rice products that meet market demand well, and they get higher incomes as a result. Farmers are healthier and are safe from agricultural chemical residues; all of them are proud of their export quality rice products.

Localização

Localização: Ban Naso, Naso Sub-district, Kutchum District, Yasothon Province, Thailand, Yasothon, Tailândia

Geo-referência de locais selecionados
  • 104.33307, 16.04124

Data de início: 1989

Ano de término: n.a.

Tipo de abordagem
Organic rice products (Yuthasong Namsai)
Rice products (Yuthasong Namsai)

Objetivos de aproximação e ambiente propício

Principais metas / objetivos da abordagem
1) To promote the use of organic fertilizers to produce rice and other crops.
2) To promote this production system for higher income.
3) To promote the grouping of farmers to improve communities in the sense of being self-reliant.
Condições que permitem a implementação da Tecnologia(s) aplicada(s) sob a Abordagem
  • Normas e valores sociais/culturais/religiosos: Being a society of organic agriculture lifestyle.
  • Disponibilidade/acesso a recursos e serviços financeiros: Farmer groups can support themselves since the leaders are strong so that the financial agencies trust and are ready to support.
  • Quadro institucional: Both government and private agencies support the marketing aspect, production inputs, production designs and knowledge transfer.
  • Colaboração/coordenção de atores: The collaboration and coordination among concerned agencies continuously occur.
  • Quadro jurídico (posse de terra, direitos de uso da terra e da água): Farmers have legal rights to their lands as title deed, so they get motivation to develop and maintain their land sustainably.
  • Políticas: The government policies promote organic agriculture.
  • Governança da terra (tomada de decisões, implementação e aplicação): Their lands are categorized as highly suitable for rice planting.
  • Conhecimento sobre GST, acesso a suporte técnico: Land Development Department supports the knowledge and organic fertilizer inputs.
  • Mercados (para comprar entradas, vender produtos) e preços: 1) The Green Net Company has been buying the whole rice yield for packaging. 2) The provincial commerce agencies support the public relations, budget for showrooms and markets.
  • Carga de trabalho, disponibilidade de força de trabalho: The mill labourers get the dividend.
  • Outro: The added values of production are created by making the groups’ trademarks.
Condições que dificultam a implementação da Tecnologia(s) aplicada(s) sob a Abordagem
  • Outro: The consumer markets fluctuated.

Participação e papel das partes interessadas envolvidas

Partes interessadas envolvidas na abordagem e seus papéis
Que partes interessadas/órgãos de implementação estavam envolvidos na abordagem? Especifique as partes interessadas Descreva o papel das partes interessadas
Usuários de terra/comunidades locais Members of farmers groups Produce organic crop
Organizações comunitárias Naso Sub-district Administration Organization Public relations
Especialistas em GST/ consultor agrícola Mr. Piyamit Phukongnum, Agricultural Officer Training
Pesquisadores Researchers from the Government's research agencies Training
Professores/alunos/estudantes University students Farm visit
Organização não governamental Green Net Organic Company Purchase products
Setor privado Green markets, food stores, restaurants and modern trade stores Provide market
Envolvimento do usuários de terra/comunidades locais nas diferentes fases da abordagem
Nenhum
Passivo
Apoio externo
Participativo
Automobilização
Iniciação/motivação
The group chairman (Mr. Mun Samsee)'s suggestion to recommend the process of non-chemical agriculture.
Planejamento
The chairman and members collaborate to plan the organic fertilizer production.
Implementação
The chairman and members produce organic fertilizers together.
Monitoramento/avaliação
The private company (Thai export company) monitored the quality of organic rice with emphasis on the preservation of the environment and the sustainability of the program.
Fluxograma

Flow chart shows the implementation of the approach.

Autor: Miss Kanokwan Hansugjaijareon
Tomada de decisão sobre a seleção da Tecnologia GST

As decisões foram tomadas por

  • Somente usuários da terra (iniciativa própria)
  • Principalmente usuários da terra, apoiados por especialistas em GST
  • todos os atores relevantes, como parte de uma abordagem participativa
  • Principalmente especialistas em GST, após consulta com usuários da terra
  • Somente especialistas em GST
  • Políticos/líderes

As decisões foram tomadas com base em

  • Avaliação de conhecimento bem documentado de GST (tomada de decisão baseada em evidências)
  • Resultados de pesquisa
  • Experiência pessoal e opiniões (não documentado)

Suporte técnico, reforço das capacidades e gestão do conhecimento

As seguintes atividades ou serviços têm sido parte da abordagem
Reforço das capacidades/formação
Foi fornecido treinamento às seguintes partes interessadas
  • Usuários de terra
  • Equipe de campo/consultores
Tipo de formação
  • Em exercício
  • Agricultor para agricultor
  • Áreas de demonstração
  • Reuniões públicas
  • Cursos
Assuntos abordados

The creation of an organic agriculture network, the markets for export, livestock, etc.

Serviço de consultoria
Foi prestado um serviço de consultoria
  • nas áreas dos usuários da terra
  • Em centros permanentes
The Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives officers recommend and support the knowledge and production inputs.
Monitoramento e avaliação
It is the main goal to obtain the organic agriculture standard certifications.
Pesquisa
As pesquisas trataram dos seguintes tópicos
  • Sociologia
  • Economia/Marketing
  • Ecologia
  • Tecnologia

The government agencies, university students and private development organizations collaborate in research and apply to implementation.

Financiamento e apoio material externo

Orçamento anual em USD para o componente GST
  • < 2.000
  • 2.000-10.000
  • 10.000-100.000
  • 100.000-1.000.000
  • > 1.000.000
Precise annual budget: n.a.
The working capital in organisation, supporting funds from government agencies and other private sector.
Os seguintes serviços ou incentivos foram fornecidos aos usuários de terras
  • Apoio financeiro/material concedido aos usuários da terra
  • Subsídios para insumos específicos
  • Crédito
  • Outros incentivos ou instrumentos
Apoio financeiro/material concedido aos usuários da terra
The government agencies supported production inputs. The Rak Thammachat Club (Naso Rice Farmers Group) support labour wages.
Parcialmente financiado
Totalmente financiado
Mão-de-obra

Self-wages (non-cash labour)

Equipamento: Maquinário

Packaging factory, seed and contamination screening machine

Equipamento: Maquinário: Ferramentas

Agrícola: Sementes

Yasothon Land Development Station supports green manure seeds, barrels (for bio-fermented liquid) and molasses.

A mão-de-obra dos usuários da terra foi

Crédito
Outros incentivos ou instrumentos

The farmer groups determine clearly the trade prices for organic rice.

Análise de impactos e declarações finais

Impactos da abordagem
Não
Sim, pouco
Sim, moderadamente
Sim, significativamente
A abordagem concedeu autonomia aos usuários locais de terra, melhorou a participação das partes interessadas?

The farmers could support themselves by making compost in the community.

A abordagem propiciou a tomada de decisão baseada em evidências?

The Rak Thammachat Club has experts to recommend the production and market.

A abordagem auxiliou os usuários da terra a implementar e manter as tecnologias de GST?

The group consulted and encouraged the exchange of knowledge among members.

A abordagem melhorou a coordenação e a implementação economicamente eficiente da GST?

There were meetings continuously to offer comments on development and improvement of the operation of the group.

Principal motivação dos usuários da terra para implementar a GST
  • Produção aumentada
  • Lucro (lucrabilidade) aumentado, melhora da relação custo-benefício
  • Degradação do solo reduzida
  • Riscos de desastre reduzido
  • Carga de trabalho reduzida
  • Pagamentos/subsídios
  • normas e regulamentos (multas)/aplicação
  • Prestígio, pressão social/coesão social
  • Afiliação a movimento/projeto/grupo/rede
  • Consciência ambiental
  • Costumes e crenças, moral
  • melhoria dos conhecimentos e aptidões de GST
  • Melhoria estética
  • Atenuação de conflitos
Atividades de sustentabilidade de abordagem
Os usuários da terra podem sustentar o que foi implementado através da Abordagem (sem apoio externo)?
  • Não
  • Sim
  • Incerto

This farmer group aims to produce organic rice warranting the standard certification by both domestic and foreign organizations. The group has been strengthened and has obtained the clear administration principles. The private export companies pay a premium of approx. 300,000 THB/yr to the group; Green Net Cooperative.

Conclusões e experiências adquiridas

Pontos fortes: visão do usuário de terra
  • The government agencies continuously supports the production inputs.
  • The organic agriculture system can preserve the environment.
  • The agricultural production attained high quality and could promote public health.
  • This approach could create the added values to rice production.
  • The community has become conscientious.
Pontos fortes: a visão do/a compilador/a ou de outra pessoa capacitada
  • The group leaders have been strengthened through training by government agencies, allowing them to lead the group members and enabling others to succeed in organic farming.
  • The group consults and encourages an exchange of knowledge among members.
  • There have been meetings continuously to offer any comments on development and improvement of the operation of the group.
  • The group members can support themselves and produce the best quality rice.
  • There has been a continued integration between various agencies.
  • The organic farming has helped in making farmers’ health better, with better environment and more secure food availability.
Pontos fracos/desvantagens/riscos: visão do usuário de terracomo superar
  • The members are still concentrated in Naso Sub-district area. More networks have been created.
Pontos fracos/desvantagens/riscos: a visão do/a compilador/a ou de outra pessoa capacitadacomo superar
  • The intervention of government policies affected with the result that some members have withdrawn. Suggestion has been to create awareness amongst the members of the importance in adhering to organic farming.

Referências

Compilador/a
  • Yuthasong Namsai
Editores
Revisor
  • Samran Sombatpanit
  • Rima Mekdaschi Studer
  • William Critchley
Data da documentação: 14 de Novembro de 2018
Última atualização: 7 de Janeiro de 2021
Pessoas capacitadas
Descrição completa no banco de dados do WOCAT
Dados GST vinculados
A documentação foi facilitada por
Instituição Projeto
Referências-chave
  • Organic fertilizer, production, using, and quality. Department of Agriculture. 2005. ISBN 974-436-479-3: http://aglib.doa.go.th/lib/images/Downloads/2549/EB00280.pdf
Links para informação relevante que está disponível online
This work is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareaAlike 4.0 International