Breve descrição da melhor prática

Water harvesting in nallah through series of gabion and check dams ensured availability of surface water till December and perched water in shallow dug wells throughout the year. Water availability led to regular cultivation of crops, increased fodder availability and brought prosperity to the farmers. Regular awakening of farmer to ever changing climatic conditions and regularity in income from permanent tree cover prompted farmers to grow fruit trees in site fields and teak bamboo, Kumat on field bunds.|

Localização

Garhkundar-Dabar Watershed in tehsil Niwari, Distt. Tikamgarh (MP) in Central India in semi-arid tropics |

Breve descrição do ambiente natural dentro do local especificado.

Undulating with multidirectional complex slopes.  Average slope in crop lands (1-5%), hillocks steep, community lands with 3-7% slope.  Nallahtraverse across the watershed.|
Shallow gravelly and soil with rocky  hillocks sand witched
Semi-arid sub-tropical  wise 750-1150 mm rainfall

Condições socioeconômicas prevalecentes das pessoas que vivem no local e/ou nas proximidades

Farming, Farming + Dairying and agricultural laborers are major occupation for income |
Mixed farming community dominated by OBC, SC & ST (90%) with small and marginal holdings size.  Mostly poor people with less than ` 20,000/- per annum income.|
Mostly privately owned land either through purchase or patta from Panchayat.

Com base em quais critérios e/ou indicadores (não relacionados com a Estratégia) a prática proposta e a tecnologia correspondente foram considerados como "melhores"?

This was only technology which could enhance adoption of agroforestry (tree plantation on crop lands) otherwise knowing well the benefits of agroforestry, farmers do not readily adopt. |

Principais problemas abordados pelas melhores práticas

Agriculture productivity|Drinking water|Poverty

Esboçar problemas específicos de degradação do solo abordados pelas melhores práticas

Soil erosion in semi-arid tropics which lead to low production on account of low fertility and water holding capacity.Poor ground—water availability limits crop production and drinking water supply.

Especificar os objetivos das melhores práticas

Increase water availability for drinking and crop production.|Increase permanent vegetal cover. |Increase and stabilize productivity and profitability from farming.

Breve descrição das principais atividades, por objetivo

Reducing run off and soil loss through gabions, check dams, khadins and field boundary. |
Demonstration of improved package of practices of crop production under agroforestry system and maintaining changes in crop production, income of farmers.|
Plantation in side field or in field boundary under agroforestry systems.

Breve descrição e especificações técnicas da tecnologia

Depending upon catchment landuse slopes, gabions of 3x1x1 m size were used in first and 2nd order stream.  Check dams were constructed in 3rd& 4th order streams.  The size of structure varied as per area, landuse and slope.  Marginal bunding was done along nallah to check silt inflow.  Khadins were used to check nallah encroachment into agricultural land.  Fruit plants were planted in side field while timber trees on field bunds.   |

Nome e endereço da instituição que desenvolve a tecnologia

National Research Centre for Agroforestry|Jhansi-Gwalior Road
Near Pahuj Dam
Jhansi-284003 (Uttar Pradesh)

A tecnologia foi desenvolvida em parceria?

Não

A participação das partes interessadas locais, incluindo as OSCs, foi fomentada no desenvolvimento da tecnologia?

Sim

Lista das partes interessadas locais envolvidas:

W/s dwellers were involved through constitution of W/s association in planning and execution of work. The idea was to inculcate belongingness into dwellers mindset for created asset.

Para os participantes listados acima, especifique seu papel no projeto, início, uso e manutenção da tecnologia, se houver.

Stakeholders (watershed association and common dwellers) were consulted before finalizing site of check dam, crop demonstration, plantation etc. They were involved in construction, planting activity etc. Awakening was done through continuous personal contact, Kisanmela etc. |

Descreva os impactos no local (os dois principais impactos por categoria)

Due to water availability, greenery increased, crop fields are bunded and leveled to large extent. Field bunds are well sodded. |
Productivity increased by 20-60% across the crops and cropping intensity from 69-161%. Area under crops (rabi)
Increased by 3 times and kharif by 4 times.
Self-help Group of women accrued assets & case work ` 75000/- within 4 years and become self-reliant.
Socio economic level increased as visible from addition of 61 pucca room construction, 30 diesel pumps, 3 tractors, 1 motor cycle. School going children particularly girl child increased. Migration greatly reduced.|

Descreva os dois principais impactos fora do local (isto é, não ocorrendo no local, mas nas áreas circunvizinhas)

Surrounding farmers are awakened and demanding from their leadership for similar project Ber top working has been adopted by outside w/s dwellers. For the purpose they hired skilled man power from project area on payment.  

Impacto sobre a biodiversidade e a mudança climática

Explique as razões:

Biodiversity of crops during rabi (main cropping season) has reduced while that in summer crops has increased. Diversity of permanent vegetation has also increased. The area is more climate resilient due to water management and plantation activity.

Foi realizada uma análise de custo-benefício?

Foi realizada uma análise de custo-benefício?

Sim

A tecnologia foi disseminada/introduzida para outros locais?

A tecnologia foi disseminada/introduzida para outros locais?

Sim

Você pode identificar as três principais condições que levaram ao sucesso das melhores práticas/tecnologias apresentadas?

Transparency in implementation knowledge of work sphere consistent motivation of dwellers.

Replicabilidade

Na sua opinião, a melhor prática/tecnologia que você propôs pode ser replicada, embora com algum nível de adaptação, em outro lugar?

Sim

Em que nível?

• Local

Relacionado a recursos humanos

Capacity building resulted in quality work.
|Institution building benefitted common man including women & marginalized group.

Relacionado a aspectos técnicos

Technical expertise available in the country.|Technology needs to be constantly upgraded.|Technological flexibility as per site conditions is required.