Abordagens

Inclusive strategic planning for water, energy and climate change in the rangelands [Quênia]

Devolved strategic planning

approaches_3441 - Quênia

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1. Informação geral

1.2 Detalhes do contato das pessoas capacitadas e instituições envolvidas na avaliação e documentação da abordagem

Pessoa(s) capacitada(s)

Especialista em GST:

IBRAHIM JARSO

Especialista em GST:

Caroline King-Okumu

Nome do projeto que facilitou a documentação/avaliação da Abordagem (se relevante)
Strengthening Adaptation and Resilience to Climate Change in Kenya Plus (StARCK+)
Nome do projeto que facilitou a documentação/avaliação da Abordagem (se relevante)
Book project: Guidelines to Rangeland Management in Sub-Saharan Africa (Rangeland Management)
Nome da(s) instituição(ões) que facilitou(ram) a documentação/avaliação da Abordagem (se relevante)
Resource Advocacy Programme (RAP) - Quênia

1.3 Condições em relação ao uso da informação documentada através de WOCAT

Quando os dados foram compilados (no campo)?

22/01/2018

O/a compilador/a e a(s) pessoa(s) capacitada(s) aceitam as condições relativas ao uso de dados documentados através da WOCAT:

Sim

2. Descrição da abordagem de GST

2.1 Descrição curta da abordagem

Inclusive strategic planning for water, energy and climate change in the rangelands at county, sub-county, ward and location levels. This involves convening stakeholder groups and reviewing databases to prepare for future needs for rangeland, water and other resources under changing climatic conditions.

2.2 Descrição detalhada da abordagem

Descrição detalhada da abordagem:

This participatory approach consists of strategic planning through a method that embraces the perspectives of the stakeholder groups, including rangeland resource user associations. Strategic planning is needed in order to rebalance the threats and opportunities created by the annual cycle of droughts and floods, and to coordinate the efforts of local, national and international actors. Key elements of the strategic planning approach include:
i) Scientific tools, databases, systems, and capacities to observe and monitor climate effects, extractions and of water within the catchment;
ii) Clean, affordable and friendly technological solutions to redistribute and conserve water and energy supplies where they are needed within the catchment, particularly during drought and floods;
iii) Inclusive institutions, including active local participation both formally established and customary, to prioritize, guide, supervise and maintain the necessary information systems and infrastructure.
The County Ministry of Water, Energy and Climate Change encourages, and is involved in, a strong community consultation process. It publicly reviews its databases to prioritize investments for a multi-sectoral Strategic Plan. The plan is used to guide investments from the county budget, and also by other actors intending to contribute to managing water, energy and climate change within the county. In the past, the lack of such a strategy and consultation process has held back coordination amongst resource users, and limited the effectiveness of many county and donor-supported interventions, especially in the rangeland areas.
2016-7 was the first time that such an approach to planning had been explored by the county officials. Over 100 women and men representing local customary resource user associations, women’s groups, formal water resource user associations, water committees, irrigation committees, ward adaptation planning committees and others took part in a series of sub-county level consultation meetings. These were conducted in appropriate languages, depending on the mix of participants. The public meetings were preceded by technical preparatory meetings amongst the county technical officers and resource persons.
The Sector Strategic Plan feeds into the preparation of the County Integrated Development Plan (with a 5-year timeframe), as well as the annual budgeting for the county government and its development partners. The recommendations also support and feed into ongoing catchment level planning, as well as broader national planning debates in Kenya, particularly those concerning the Arid and Semi-Arid Lands (ASALs). The overall objective of the Strategic Plan is to enable Isiolo county and its neighbouring ASAL counties in Kenya - and the Horn of Africa - to achieve their full potential as the crucibles of national and global prosperity, security and spiritual well-being.

2.3 Fotos da abordagem

Galeria de Mídias

Observações gerais sobre as fotos:

The Community Consultations were very engaging and productive.

2.5 País/região/locais onde a abordagem foi aplicada

País:

Quênia

Região/Estado/Província:

Isiolo

Especificação adicional de localização:

Both urban and rural areas of Isiolo county.

Visualização do mapa

2.7 Tipo de abordagem

  • Iniciativa/inovação local recente

2.8 Principais metas/objetivos da abordagem

The overall objective of the Strategic Plan is to enable Isiolo county and its neighbouring ASAL counties in Kenya – as well as in the Horn of Africa - to achieve their full potential as the crucibles of national and global prosperity, security, and spiritual well-being.

2.9 Condição que propiciam ou inibem a implementação de tecnologia/tecnologias aplicada(s) segundo a abordagem

Normas e valores sociais/culturais/religiosos
  • Propício

The approach is embedded in the local institutional processes and therefore easy to implement.

  • Inibitivo

The occurrence of crises and emergencies (such as drought) routinely disrupts long-term strategic planning.

Disponibilidade/acesso a recursos e serviços financeiros
  • Propício

County governments have some resources to convene meetings, but communities make their own contributions to prepare and support implementation of the approach.

  • Inibitivo

Very few donors are willing to provide funds to support this approach.

Quadro institucional
  • Propício

Ward-level adaptation planning committees connect the county level process to the local resource user institutions at the location level.

  • Inibitivo

Collision between the mandates of traditional and formal structures.

Colaboração/coordenção de atores
  • Propício

Many NGOs and local organizations support the implementation of the approach and will benefit from improved coordination and planning.

  • Inibitivo

Government and some NGOs occasionally establish parallel policy processes.

Quadro jurídico (posse de terra, direitos de uso da terra e da água)
  • Propício

2010 national constitutional reforms promote devolution. Traditional customary institutions are actively and locally respected.

  • Inibitivo

Weak catchment institutions and coordination.

Políticas
  • Propício

2010 Constitution, 2030 Plan for the ASALs.

  • Inibitivo

Traditional rules not known to everyone.

Governança da terra (tomada de decisões, implementação e aplicação)
  • Propício

County government makes informed decisions following consultation with communities and the formation of databases.

  • Inibitivo

Literacy and language barriers (though can be overcome through good communication, mobility and outreach by county officers)

Conhecimento sobre GST, acesso a suporte técnico
  • Propício

Traditional skills are much used as an input to participatory resource maps and databases.

  • Inibitivo

Little technical support.

Mercados (para comprar entradas, vender produtos) e preços
  • Propício

Ensures security and therefore the market thrives.

  • Inibitivo

The approach is social rather than market oriented.

Carga de trabalho, disponibilidade de força de trabalho
  • Propício

Youth provide manpower on a voluntary basis.

  • Inibitivo

Volunteers sometimes don’t come out for work.

3. Participação e papel das partes interessadas envolvidas

3.1 Partes interessadas envolvidas na abordagem e seus papéis

  • Usuários de terra/comunidades locais

Community members, Elders’ Council (Dedha in Boran setups).

Agree on the pasture and water management approach and implement it.

  • Organizações comunitárias

Ward Adaptation Planning Committees.

Implement community plans and fundraise for them.

  • Organização não governamental

RAP, MIDP and Adaptation Consortium (ADA).

Support communities in implementing the approach.

  • Governo local

Isiolo County Government’s Department of Water, Energy and Climate Change.

Participate in the implementation of the approach.

Caso várias partes interessadas foram envolvidas, indique a agência líder:

Isiolo County Government

3.2 Envolvimento do usuários de terra/comunidades locais nas diferentes fases da abordagem
Envolvimento do usuários de terra/comunidades locais Especifique quem estava envolvido e descreva as atividades
Iniciação/motivação Participativo County government, National Drought Management Authority, Water Resource Management Authority, RAP, IIED.
Planejamento Participativo Local customary resource user associations, women’s groups, formal water resource user associations, water committees, irrigation committees, ward adaptation planning committees and others.
Implementação Participativo County government and resource users.
Monitoramento/avaliação Participativo County government and resource users.
Passivo National government, international donors.

3.3 Fluxograma (se disponível)

Descrição:

Local village level community institutions are involved in the planning and management of resources. The community institutions at village level are connected to those at ward level, which connect to sub-county and county level institutions for planning. Lower level institutions had not ever previously been asked for their opinions and inputs.

Autor:

Ibrahim Jarso

3.4 Decisão sobre a seleção de tecnologia/tecnologias de GST

Especifique quem decidiu sobre a seleção de tecnologia/tecnologias a serem implementadas:
  • todos os atores relevantes, como parte de uma abordagem participativa
Especifique em que base foram tomadas as decisões:
  • Avaliação de conhecimento bem documentado de GST (tomada de decisão baseada em evidências)
  • Resultados de pesquisa
  • Experiência pessoal e opiniões (não documentado)

4. Suporte técnico, reforço das capacidades e gestão do conhecimento

4.1 Reforço das capacidades/ formação

Foi oferecida formação aos usuários da terra/outras partes interessadas?

Não

4.2 Serviço de consultoria

Os usuários de terra têm acesso a um serviço de consultoria?

Não

4.3 Fortalecimento da instituição (desenvolvimento organizacional)

As instituições foram fortalecidas ou estabelecidas através da abordagem?
  • Sim, moderadamente
Especifique a que nível (níveis) as instituições foram fortalecidas ou estabelecidas:
  • Local
Descreva instituição, papéis e responsabilidades, membros, etc.

County government's officers skills in participatory engagement were improved.

Especifique o tipo de apoio:
  • Reforço das capacidades/ formação
Dê mais detalhes:

Support was provided on the job.

4.4 Monitoramento e avaliação

Monitoramento e avaliação são partes da abordagem?

Não

4.5 Pesquisa

A pesquisa foi parte da abordagem?

Não

5. Financiamento e apoio material externo

5.1 Orçamento anual para o componente de GST da abordagem

Caso o orçamento exato seja desconhecido, indique a faixa:
  • 10.000-100.000
Comentários (p. ex. principais fontes de recursos/principais doadores):

Funds were provided from DfID and other sources were also used to support this process.
The financial support to conduct community consultation meetings was provided by Cordaid.

5.2 Apoio financeiro/material concedido aos usuários da terra

Os usuários da terra receberam apoio financeiro/material para a implementação de tecnologia/tecnologias?

Não

5.3 Subsídios para entradas específicas (incluindo mão-de-obra)

  • Nenhum
 
Se a mão-de-obra pelos usuários da terra foi uma entrada substancial, isso foi:
  • Voluntário
Comentários:

Communities participated in consultation meetings voluntarily.

5.4 Crédito

Foi concedido crédito segundo a abordagem para atividades de GST?

Não

5.5 Outros incentivos ou instrumentos

Foram utilizados outros incentivos ou instrumentos para promover a implementação das tecnologias de GST?

Não

6. Análise de impactos e declarações finais

6.1 Impactos da abordagem

A abordagem concedeu autonomia aos usuários locais de terra, melhorou a participação das partes interessadas?
  • Não
  • Sim, pouco
  • Sim, moderadamente
  • Sim, significativamente

The communities were able to participate in planning to improve development at local grassroots level.

A abordagem propiciou a tomada de decisão baseada em evidências?
  • Não
  • Sim, pouco
  • Sim, moderadamente
  • Sim, significativamente

The Approach was able to offer opportunities for all community groups to provide their inputs into the process of strategic planning at county level, allowing room for evidence-based decisions informed by people’s experience.

A abordagem auxiliou os usuários da terra a implementar e manter as tecnologias de GST?
  • Não
  • Sim, pouco
  • Sim, moderadamente
  • Sim, significativamente

The Approach allowed community members to document their needs and priorities in line with their sustainable land management systems, which were traditional and holistic.

A abordagem melhorou a coordenação e a implementação economicamente eficiente da GST?
  • Não
  • Sim, pouco
  • Sim, moderadamente
  • Sim, significativamente

The Approach brought together key community-level stakeholders and coordinated them in planning.

A abordagem mobilizou/melhorou o acesso aos recursos financeiros para implementação da GST?
  • Não
  • Sim, pouco
  • Sim, moderadamente
  • Sim, significativamente

The Approach produced a participatory and inclusive plan that included costs for support at different levels and this helped in fundraising for community investments.

A abordagem aprimorou o conhecimento e as capacidades dos usuários da terra para implementar a GST?
  • Não
  • Sim, pouco
  • Sim, moderadamente
  • Sim, significativamente

County government officers learnt that the approach was very productive in bringing out ideas from the grassroots to inform strategic planning.

A abordagem aprimorou o conhecimento e as capacidades de outras partes interessadas?
  • Não
  • Sim, pouco
  • Sim, moderadamente
  • Sim, significativamente

The stakeholders that came together learnt a lot from the process and multi-stakeholder forums like WASH clubs were formed out of the discussions.

A abordagem construiu/fortaleceu instituições, colaboração entre partes interessadas?
  • Não
  • Sim, pouco
  • Sim, moderadamente
  • Sim, significativamente

Many institutions that were consulted in the implementation of the approach were strengthened in their capacity - and were able to engage in subsequent government-community consultations that came up later.

A abordagem concedeu autonomia aos grupos social e economicamente desfavorecidos?
  • Não
  • Sim, pouco
  • Sim, moderadamente
  • Sim, significativamente

The approach ensured consultations with special interest/disadvantaged groups.

A abordagem melhorou a igualdade de gêneros e concedeu autonomia a mulheres e meninas?
  • Não
  • Sim, pouco
  • Sim, moderadamente
  • Sim, significativamente

A significant proportion of women and girls attended the meetings and made critical and unique contributions. Deliberate efforts were undertaken to ensure inclusivity by holding women’s meetings to seek their inputs.

A abordagem encorajou os jovens/as próximas gerações de usuários de terra a se envolverem na GST?
  • Não
  • Sim, pouco
  • Sim, moderadamente
  • Sim, significativamente

Young people were also represented in the consultations.

A abordagem resultou em acesso melhorado à água e ao saneamento?
  • Não
  • Sim, pouco
  • Sim, moderadamente
  • Sim, significativamente

The approach identified challenges, opportunities and actions that could be undertaken in improving access to water and sanitation in the development of a strategic plan.

A abordagem resultou em uso/fontes de energia mais sustentável?
  • Não
  • Sim, pouco
  • Sim, moderadamente
  • Sim, significativamente

The approach identified locally utilisable sources of energy, and encouraged the use of clean and green energy.

A abordagem aprimorou a capacidade dos usuários da terra de adaptar-se a mudanças climáticas/extremos e atenuar os desastres relacionados com o clima?
  • Não
  • Sim, pouco
  • Sim, moderadamente
  • Sim, significativamente

The approach allowed the county government officers to engage with the community in discussions on climate-related disasters as well as their elaborated traditional systems of grazing. Communities were advised to also use scientific measures, like utilization of CIS forecasts, to deal with climate-related disasters.

6.2 Principal motivação dos usuários da terra para implementar a GST

  • Produção aumentada

The process of inclusive strategic planning exposed the deepest vulnerabilities of communities for the county government investments to address it. This has improved productivity in all sectors.

  • Degradação do solo reduzida

The approach allowed proper planning on water investments which had impacts in management and proper use of land and its resources. Placement of water investments closer to each other causes land degradation and through inclusive strategic planning this has been tremendously reduced.

  • Consciência ambiental

Through the Approach environmental protection and conservation had been given the first priority as a way to sustainably use the natural resources.

6.3 Atividades de sustentabilidade de abordagem

Os usuários da terra podem manter o que foi implementado através da abordagem (sem apoio externo)?
  • Sim
Caso afirmativo, descreva como:

Community members can demand participatory and inclusive development in all government plans and policies, in the way the strategic plan for water sector was developed by the Isiolo County Government's department of Water, Energy and Climate Change.

6.4 Pontos fortes/vantagens da abordagem

Pontos fortes/vantagens/oportunidades na visão do usuário da terra
All community groups are given an opportunity to contribute to the planning process.
Hidden community concerns and challenges are brought out by the participatory process.
County government officers were able to hear first-hand community issues and respond to community questions regarding their responsibilities.
Pontos fortes/vantagens/oportunidades na visão do/a compilador/a ou de outra pessoa capacitada
The inclusive and participatory process was extremely productive in bringing out issues.
Community knowledge of their challenges and optimistic ideas for possible solutions were very enriching.
Women’s participation and their contribution to issues was unexpectedly high and demonstrates progress towards gender equity.

6.5 Pontos fracos, desvantagens da tecnologia e formas de superá-los

Pontos fracos/desvantagens/riscos na visão do usuário da terra Como eles podem ser superados?
The Approach was unable to reach all villages in the county to seek their inputs. Representatives from all villages can be convened at ward level and advised to make cross-consultations before attending planning meetings.
Low literacy levels meant that not all people could engage properly with the formal planning process. Using translators of local vernacular helped to reduce this challenge.
Pontos fracos/vantagens/riscos na visão do/a compilador/a ou de outra pessoa capacitada Como eles podem ser superados?
The process was relatively expensive compared to previous county engagements. Explain the value of county-community engagements in planning to communities, and encourage other stakeholders to support the process also.
The process took a long time to complete. The team conducting the public engagement can conduct more than one initiative simultaneously and thereby economise on time.

7. Referências e links

7.1 Métodos/fontes de informação

  • visitas de campo, pesquisas de campo

Engaged 25 community members.

  • compilação de relatórios e outra documentação existente

Reports of the Community Consultations used as source of information.

7.2 Referências às publicações disponíveis

Título, autor, ano, ISBN:

Recommendations to the County Government of Isiolo for Preparation of a Strategic Plan on Water, Energy and Climate Change

Disponível de onde? Custos?

IIED Website

7.3 Links para informação relevante que está disponível online

Título/ descrição:

Recommendations to the County Government of Isiolo for Preparation of a Strategic Plan on Water, Energy and Climate Change

URL:

pubs.iied.org/pdfs/10183IIED

Título/ descrição:

Cracking the climate-water-energy challenge in the drylands of Kenya

URL:

pubs.iied.org/pdfs/17408IIED

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