Project for preventing soil salinity lowering the groundwater tables [Tailândia]
- Criação:
- Atualização:
- Compilador/a: Saowanee Prachansri
- Editor: –
- Revisores: Samran Sombatpanit, Rima Mekdaschi Studer, Pitayakon Limtong, William Critchley, Joana Eichenberger
Shallow well Project
approaches_4445 - Tailândia
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Expandir tudo Recolher tudo1. Informação geral
1.2 Detalhes do contato das pessoas capacitadas e instituições envolvidas na avaliação e documentação da abordagem
Especialista em GST:
Especialista em GST:
Especialista em GST:
Especialista em GST:
Phiprakon Apisit
044-371397
Technical for Land Development Group , Land Development Regional Office 3 , Land Development Department.
64 Moo, 7, T. Joho, A. Muang, Nakhon Ratchasima 30310
Tailândia
Especialista em GST:
Prawanna Prasit
044-371397
Technical for Land Development Group , Land Development Regional Office 3 ,Land Development Department.
64 Moo, 7, T. Joho, A. Muang, Nakhon Ratchasima 30310
Tailândia
Especialista em GST:
National consultant:
land user:
Thathaisong Noorean
062-1521591
-
25 M. 10, T.Danchange,BuaYai, Nakhon Ratchasima
Tailândia
land user:
Panikom Chartee
085-4395414
-
136/1 M. 2 T.Danchange,BuaYai, Nakhon Ratchasima
Tailândia
land user:
Salanok Mongkoen
098-1181365
-
184 Moo 2 T.Danchang, A.Buayai,Nakhon-Ratchasima
Tailândia
Subdistrict Administration Organization Officer:
TubseKaew Palinee
087-8706265
275 M. 9 T. Danchange, A. BuaYai, Nakhon Ratchasima 30120
Tailândia
Nome do projeto que facilitou a documentação/avaliação da Abordagem (se relevante)
Book project: where the land is greener - Case Studies and Analysis of Soil and Water Conservation Initiatives Worldwide (where the land is greener)Nome do projeto que facilitou a documentação/avaliação da Abordagem (se relevante)
Book project: where people and their land are safer - A Compendium of Good Practices in Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) (where people and their land are safer)Nome do projeto que facilitou a documentação/avaliação da Abordagem (se relevante)
Best Practices for Land Degradation Control in Dryland Areas of China (Best Practices China)Nome da(s) instituição(ões) que facilitou(ram) a documentação/avaliação da Abordagem (se relevante)
Land Development Department LDD (Land Development Department LDD) - Tailândia1.3 Condições em relação ao uso da informação documentada através de WOCAT
Quando os dados foram compilados (no campo)?
09/10/2018
O/a compilador/a e a(s) pessoa(s) capacitada(s) aceitam as condições relativas ao uso de dados documentados através da WOCAT:
Sim
2. Descrição da abordagem de GST
2.1 Descrição curta da abordagem
The Land Development Department has promoted lowering of saline groundwater table in recharge areas since 2014. The approach used is through: (1) Public relations and information spreading; (2) Planning demonstration sites; (3) Selection of farmers interested in participating in the project; (4) Providing knowledge and advice to those farmers participating in the project; (5) The preparation of demonstration plots, with shallow wells, in farmers' land.
2.2 Descrição detalhada da abordagem
Descrição detalhada da abordagem:
Lowering shallow saline groundwater is one method of preventing the spread of salt in soils. This has been promoted under the Land Development Department (LDD) at Bua Yai district Nakhon Ratchasima province since 2014. The LDD has been drilling shallow wells to: (1) provide water for farming, (2) reduce the amount of saline groundwater, and (3) to create a positive economic impact.
The approach used is through: (1) Public relations and information spreading using soil doctors, volunteers, community leaders, and sub-district administrative organizations who clarify project details to community leaders, sub-district administrative organizations and farmers; (2) Planning demonstration sites; (3) Selection of farmers interested in participating in the project. These farmers must have agricultural land in the recharge area and within the project focus of the LDD; (4) Providing knowledge and advice to those farmers participating in the project; (5) The preparation of the demonstration plot, with a shallow well, in the farmer's land.
The demonstration plot implemented in the recharge area under Mr. Boonchu Supho is planted with rice, sugar cane and various kinds of vegetables throughout the year, for greater productivity. Importantly, even in droughts it is still possible to pump enough groundwater for the crops. Rice yield have increased up to 5-10%, surface salt patches have decreased significantly, and the surrounding environment has more vegetation and living things. The farmers outside the area and surrounding areas have come to learn in the demonstration plot and want to engage in the project. The area covered by demonstration plots has risen to about 1,000 rai (160 hectares).
2.3 Fotos da abordagem
Observações gerais sobre as fotos:
All approach processes are discussed at the meeting of the project to preventing soil salinity and to lower the saline groundwater table in recharge area
2.4 Vídeos da abordagem
Comentários, breve descrição:
Conversation and Lesson learned
Data:
09/10/2018
Localização:
T.Danchange, A. Buayai , Nakhon Ratchasima 30120
Nome do cinegrafista:
Jilayus Sommutram
2.5 País/região/locais onde a abordagem foi aplicada
País:
Tailândia
Região/Estado/Província:
Nakhon Ratchasima
Especificação adicional de localização:
T.Danchange, A. Buayai
Map
×2.6 Datas de início e término da abordagem
Indique o ano de início:
2014
Caso o ano exato seja desconhecido, indique a data aproximada de início da abordagem:
menos de 10 anos atrás (recentemente)
Ano de término (caso a abordagem não seja mais aplicada):
2019
Comentários:
This approach has been used from 2014 until now
2.7 Tipo de abordagem
- Iniciativa/inovação local recente
2.8 Principais metas/objetivos da abordagem
Academic Group for Land Development, Land Development Office District 3, has cooperation from soil volunteer doctor, community leaders and the district administration organization to help publicize and coordinate with farmers in the area. Thus farmers have enough water for agriculture. The result of groundwater pumping on the recharge area can reduce the amount of salty groundwater that will flow into the bottom water area. The result of this approach is reduced soil salinity. Therefore, the project to prevent the increase of groundwater levels on the recharge area. Therefore appropriate to be used in the recharge area to reduce the spread of saline soil effectively. In addition, farmers in the area need to join a large number of shallow pond excavation projects of the Department of Land Development, resulting in faster expansion
2.9 Condição que propiciam ou inibem a implementação de tecnologia/tecnologias aplicada(s) segundo a abordagem
Normas e valores sociais/culturais/religiosos
- Propício
Land use users respect the community leaders and accept the work of the Land Development Department and the Soil Volunteer Doctor, resulting in mutual learning in the same community and nearby communities
Disponibilidade/acesso a recursos e serviços financeiros
- Propício
Housing Fund
Quadro institucional
- Propício
Is a government project with local authorities, subdistrict administrative organizations helping to publicize
Colaboração/coordenção de atores
- Propício
Soil doctors’ volunteers and community leaders help promote and coordinate the area
Políticas
- Propício
The government has the policy to solve saline soil problems in the area
Conhecimento sobre GST, acesso a suporte técnico
- Propício
There is a Land Development Department staff providing knowledge in the area and farmers learn from land users
Mercados (para comprar entradas, vender produtos) e preços
- Propício
There are farmers in the village and merchants to buy by the users of the land to produce vegetables according to the needs of the local market
3. Participação e papel das partes interessadas envolvidas
3.1 Partes interessadas envolvidas na abordagem e seus papéis
- Usuários de terra/comunidades locais
Farmers in the area are both
men and women, with an
the average age of 50 years or
more
Be a technology leader and use
technology to suit the area
- Especialistas em GST/ consultor agrícola
The staff of the Land
Development Department
have an average age of 38
years and over
Be a knowledge provider and use technology advice
- Governo local
Agricultural officers from
the Tambon Administrative
Organization
Promoting jobs in the area
Caso várias partes interessadas foram envolvidas, indique a agência líder:
Public relations work in the area has staff of the district agricultural office to join the activity
3.2 Envolvimento do usuários de terra/comunidades locais nas diferentes fases da abordagem
Envolvimento do usuários de terra/comunidades locais | Especifique quem estava envolvido e descreva as atividades | |
---|---|---|
Iniciação/motivação | Automobilização | Developing technology by yourself |
Planejamento | Automobilização | There is a plan to conduct agricultural activities in the area on their own |
Implementação | Automobilização | Land users operate by themselves |
Monitoramento/avaliação | Automobilização | There are soil doctors volunteers, community leaders, land users, and staff together to monitor and evaluate in the area |
3.3 Fluxograma (se disponível)
Descrição:
Process for driving the guidelines to encourage technology to be implemented in Nakhon Ratchasima province
Autor:
Mrs. Phatranit Chuaysanoi
3.4 Decisão sobre a seleção de tecnologia/tecnologias de GST
Especifique quem decidiu sobre a seleção de tecnologia/tecnologias a serem implementadas:
- Principalmente especialistas em GST, após consulta com usuários da terra
Explique:
Farmers in Bua Yai district, Nakhon Ratchasima province has begun to dig its shallow wells since 1997 and farmers have learned in the community causing a lot of water demand for agriculture. In addition, the Land Development Department has come to prepare a demonstration plot for drilling shallow wells to use water for agriculture on the area in the area of land users, ready to advise in 2014
Especifique em que base foram tomadas as decisões:
- Experiência pessoal e opiniões (não documentado)
4. Suporte técnico, reforço das capacidades e gestão do conhecimento
4.1 Reforço das capacidades/ formação
Foi oferecida formação aos usuários da terra/outras partes interessadas?
Sim
Especifique quem foi capacitado:
- Usuários de terra
Tipo de formação:
- Áreas de demonstração
Assuntos abordados:
Utilization of shallow wells suitable for agriculture, rice and vegetable cultivation
Comentários:
Clarification of understanding with farmers interested in joining the shallow wells excavation project in the demonstration area is necessary because besides the farmers will receive knowledge and also see how to manage soil, plants, and water in the plot can be implemented or adjusted to suit their own area.
4.2 Serviço de consultoria
Os usuários de terra têm acesso a um serviço de consultoria?
Sim
Descreva/comentários:
1. The staff of the Land Development Department perform tasks and follow up work in the area, ready to give advice to land users, 2. Soil Volunteer Doctor, community leaders, as public relations assistants and coordinators in the area.
4.3 Fortalecimento da instituição (desenvolvimento organizacional)
As instituições foram fortalecidas ou estabelecidas através da abordagem?
- Sim, moderadamente
Descreva instituição, papéis e responsabilidades, membros, etc.
Demonstration plot of the shallow well is a learning center where is the farmers, student, and people outside can share their knowledge with each other. Moreover, there could be a center of coordination among the Land Development Department officer, land users and farmers, soil doctors volunteers and community leaders.
Especifique o tipo de apoio:
- Reforço das capacidades/ formação
Dê mais detalhes:
Demonstration plot of the shallow well is a field trip center in communities where students and farmers outside the area that are interested in learning
4.4 Monitoramento e avaliação
Monitoramento e avaliação são partes da abordagem?
Sim
Comentários:
Department of Land Development officers monitor and survey the shallow well utilization agricultural uses of land users during September
Caso afirmativo, esta documentação é destinada a ser utilizada para monitoramento e avaliação?
Sim
Comentários:
There are many points in this document that should be track and evaluate then, fix it or adjust it
4.5 Pesquisa
A pesquisa foi parte da abordagem?
Sim
Dê mais detalhes e indique quem realizou a pesquisa:
Saline Soil Research Group of Land Development Department, evaluate the project of shallow well implementation for preventing soil salinity and spread of saline soil as farmers participating in Bua Yai District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province. Furthermore, there should be a study on the change of groundwater level to rice production in the area of integrated saline soil development project, Bua Yai District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province.
5. Financiamento e apoio material externo
5.1 Orçamento anual para o componente de GST da abordagem
Caso o orçamento exato seja desconhecido, indique a faixa:
- 100.000-1.000.000
Comentários (p. ex. principais fontes de recursos/principais doadores):
The Land Development Department supports the excavation of shallow wells with water pumps with 5.5 hp gasoline.
5.2 Apoio financeiro/material concedido aos usuários da terra
Os usuários da terra receberam apoio financeiro/material para a implementação de tecnologia/tecnologias?
Sim
Caso afirmativo, especifique tipo(s) de apoio, condições e fornecedor(es):
Shallow wells, equipment and installation fees
5.3 Subsídios para entradas específicas (incluindo mão-de-obra)
- Mão-de-obra
Em que medida | Especifique os subsídios |
---|---|
Totalmente financiado | Land users operate by themselves. |
- Equipamento
Especifique quais entradas foram subsidiadas | Em que medida | Especifique os subsídios |
---|---|---|
Maquinário | The Department of Land Development supports the excavation of shallow wells. | |
Ferramentas | Land Development Department supports water pumps | |
- Agrícola
Especifique quais entradas foram subsidiadas | Em que medida | Especifique os subsídios |
---|---|---|
Sementes | Totalmente financiado | Land users operate by themselves |
Fertilizantes | Totalmente financiado | Land users operate by themselves |
- Outro
Outros (especifique) | Em que medida | Especifique os subsídios |
---|---|---|
Residence and farm pond | Totalmente financiado | Land users operate by themselves |
Se a mão-de-obra pelos usuários da terra foi uma entrada substancial, isso foi:
- Voluntário
Comentários:
The land user is self-operated
5.4 Crédito
Foi concedido crédito segundo a abordagem para atividades de GST?
Não
5.5 Outros incentivos ou instrumentos
Foram utilizados outros incentivos ou instrumentos para promover a implementação das tecnologias de GST?
Não
6. Análise de impactos e declarações finais
6.1 Impactos da abordagem
A abordagem concedeu autonomia aos usuários locais de terra, melhorou a participação das partes interessadas?
- Não
- Sim, pouco
- Sim, moderadamente
- Sim, significativamente
Create food security, reduce expenses and increase income for households of land users
A abordagem propiciou a tomada de decisão baseada em evidências?
- Não
- Sim, pouco
- Sim, moderadamente
- Sim, significativamente
Is a learning resource for other farmers to use as information to decide to accept technology.
A abordagem auxiliou os usuários da terra a implementar e manter as tecnologias de GST?
- Não
- Sim, pouco
- Sim, moderadamente
- Sim, significativamente
land user, maintain technology because they help reduce household expenses and increase household income
A abordagem mobilizou/melhorou o acesso aos recursos financeiros para implementação da GST?
- Não
- Sim, pouco
- Sim, moderadamente
- Sim, significativamente
The land user is used as an asset for a loan
A abordagem aprimorou o conhecimento e as capacidades dos usuários da terra para implementar a GST?
- Não
- Sim, pouco
- Sim, moderadamente
- Sim, significativamente
Land users have adapted and modified the SLM format to suit themselves
Landowners have increased rice production due to reduced soil salinity, resulting in increased income and increased farmers' production of rice because the salinity of the soil is also reduced
6.2 Principal motivação dos usuários da terra para implementar a GST
- Produção aumentada
Has increased rice and sugarcane production and can grow vegetables throughout the year
- Lucro (lucrabilidade) aumentado, melhora da relação custo-benefício
The cost of growing rice and sugar cane is increased by pumping water from shallow wells, but doubling the productivity when costing and increasing profits
- Degradação do solo reduzida
Found a decrease in salt deposits on the soil surface due to decreased soil salinity
- Riscos de desastre reduzido
Drought does not affect agriculture in the area
6.3 Atividades de sustentabilidade de abordagem
Os usuários da terra podem manter o que foi implementado através da abordagem (sem apoio externo)?
- Sim
Caso afirmativo, descreva como:
Land users have knowledge and understanding of drilling shallow wells on the receiving area, can help to reduce soil salinity well. In addition, income can be increased from growing rice, sugar cane and various kinds of vegetables
6.4 Pontos fortes/vantagens da abordagem
Pontos fortes/vantagens/oportunidades na visão do usuário da terra |
---|
Drilling shallow wells in the catchment area.If the water is not salty, can be used to grow plants. |
Reduce soil salinity. Increased rice yield by 20-50 percent. |
Increase green area makes the air cool. |
Pontos fortes/vantagens/oportunidades na visão do/a compilador/a ou de outra pessoa capacitada |
---|
Public relations, coordination, and operations in the area are convenient. Because the Land Development Department has staff working in the area together with the soil doctors, volunteers, community leaders, and the SAO. Can advise farmers in the area |
Learning management areas get water to the farmers in the community. Preparation of a demonstration plot for drilling shallow wells in the area of land users makes farmers in the community Other farmers who have suffered from saltwater problems and lack of water for agriculture Including the faculty of students and farmers outside the area Have the opportunity to learn. |
6.5 Pontos fracos, desvantagens da tecnologia e formas de superá-los
Pontos fracos/desvantagens/riscos na visão do usuário da terra | Como eles podem ser superados? |
---|---|
1) Other farmers want to join the shallow well pond project because of the need for water for agriculture but the budget of the Department of Land Development is insufficient for farmers' needs. | The Department of Land Development supports the budget for drilling a shallow pond of 15 farm ponds/year. Must be fully qualified to be considered for participation in the project that the farmer who will join the project must have agricultural land on the water receiving area and within the scope of the project according to the plan of the Land Development Department. |
2) During 1 year after drilling a shallow well, farmers must pump water from shallow wells for agriculture and maintain shallow wells as usual | The Land Development Department officials issued follow-up and advice periodically to allow farmers who participated in the project to help ensure the use of shallow wells for agriculture appropriately |
Pontos fracos/vantagens/riscos na visão do/a compilador/a ou de outra pessoa capacitada | Como eles podem ser superados? |
---|---|
1) Farmers outside the project are not aware of the steps and qualifications of the participants in the shallow pond project of the Land Development Department | There should be a public relations project for farmers in nearby areas to be informed of the request for participation in the shallow well pond project of the Land Development Department |
7. Referências e links
7.1 Métodos/fontes de informação
- entrevistas com usuários de terras
Farmers who drill a shallow pond, 5 people
- entrevistas com especialistas em GST
Development officer, 7 people
- Tambon Administrative Organization Officer
1 Tambon Administrative Organization Officer
7.2 Referências às publicações disponíveis
Título, autor, ano, ISBN:
Land Development Department
Disponível de onde? Custos?
http://www.ldd.go.th/
Links e módulos
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Módulos
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