(Giovanni Quaranta)
This is a technique used on animal husbandry farms with either deep litter housing systems (sheep and goat manure) or manure heaps (cattle manure). Manure spreading is carried out twice a year but on different land.
In the case of deep litter housing systems fresh straw is continuously spread over soiled litter in layers. After around six months the deep litter bedding is removed and mechanically spread on pasture lands or arable land.
In the case of cattle farms animal waste is transferred daily to the farm’s manure heap where it is left to decompose for at least a year. Also in this case straw is added for the animals’ comfort and hygiene and is added to the manure heap together with faeces.
Once the manure is ready it is spread on areas of land which can be farmed using mechanical means In the case of arable cropland manure is immediately buried by ploughing, in the case of pasture land it is spread at the beginning of autumn and left on the surface without ploughing (if not occasionally a harrow might be used to break down the manure to increase even distribution and penetration).
Purpose of the Technology: Increase growth of palatable species, increase value of grazing area
Natural / human environment: The technique is an agronomic measure which is applied on meadows, pastures and cropland in an area with a sub-humid climate, moderate scope and shallow clayey soil.
As to the context of production, it is characterised by a medium level of mechanisation (only the most demanding operations are carried out using mechanical means), the production system is essentially mixed, a small part is destined for personal consumption whilst the bulk of production is destined for local markets. The property is predominantly privately owned but also includes some public land, especially in the case of pasture land. Most farms in the area are livestock farms whilst the agricultural component is destined exclusively for private consumption.
Местоположение: Castelsaraceno, Basilicata, Италия
Число исследованных участков, где применяется Технология:
Пространственное распространение Технологии: равномерно-однородное применение на определенной площади (approx. 0,1-1 км2)
На постоянно охраняемой территории?:
Продолжительность применения Технологии: более 50 лет назад (традиционная)
Тип внедрения/ применения
| Опишите затраты | Единица | Количество | Затраты на единицу (euro) | Общая стоимость на единицу (euro) | % затрат, оплаченных землепользователями |
| Оплата труда | |||||
| Emptying of deep litter bedding or manure hap | ha | 1,0 | 324,3 | 324,3 | 100,0 |
| Spreading of manure on 3 hectares of pasture land | ha | 3,0 | 972,9 | 2918,7 | 100,0 |
| Hire of manure spreader | ha | 1,0 | 283,78 | 283,78 | 100,0 |
| Общая стоимость поддержания Технологии | 3'526.78 | ||||
| Общие затраты на поддержание Технологии в долларах США | 4'765.92 | ||||
Количество до применения УЗП : 8t/ha
Количество после применения УЗП: 11t/ha
The quality of the fodder increases due to the increase of protein content.
Net return from this activity increases due to yield increases.
The application of manure increases the soil organic matter content. As The application of manure increases the soil organic matter content. As well known the increases in organic matter content turns in important benefits from the soil ecology.
The application of manure due to its beneficial effects on soil parameters, allows to keep grass and crops healty along the year so protecting soil. Poor soils , without manure application, can not sustaine grasses all over the year making it at erosion
The application of manure due to its beneficial effects on soil parameters, allows to keep grass and crops healty along the year so protecting soil. Poor soils , without manure application, can not sustaine grasses all over the year making it at erosion
The application of manure due to its beneficial effects on soil parameters, allows to keep grass and crops healty along the year so protecting soil. Poor soils , without manure application, can not sustaine grasses all over the year making it at erosion
