Potatoes growing in the plot (Mercedes Berenguer Bodí)
This technology is applied in a family orchard located in a small town (Bocairent) in Valencia, close to the Serra Mariola Natural Park. In the county of Vall d’Albaida, a 15th century system irrigates all the agricultural lands in the area. In this case study, the historical system has been used, since 1998, to irrigate a small plot of 0.2 ha. Water is diverted from the main water canal to a secondary channel which leads to the plot. Irrigation is applied when it is necessary, based on crop water requirements and the rainfall recorded. The original source of the water is the Serra Mariola range from where it flows into the Clarià river. Within the plot there are fruit trees as well as 5 subplots of 10 square meters (5 x 2m each). The subplots are used for vegetables (tomatoes, potatoes, fava beans, etc) under a rotational system (2 cycles per year). These 5 subplots are located between the rows of fruit trees (olives, almonds, figs, cherries, peaches), in an intercropping system. The whole field is fertilized annually with organic manure, which is stored at one end of the plot. This horse or sheep manure is acquired from a farm near the orchard. Pest control avoids artificial pesticides and fungicides: pests are controlled through encouraging natural predators. Weeds are removed by hand several times per season. The main purpose of this technology is the improvement of soil structure and organic matter content of the soil, while also preventing soil erosion caused by surface runoff. Avoiding pesticides and following an intercropping system gives multiple benefits: these include (a) maintaining biodiversity, (b) enhancing natural pollinators and pest predators, (c) respecting the Serra Mariola natural park, (d) improving ecosystem supporting services (nutrient cycling, soil formation, habitat provision, flood regulation) and regulating services (biological control pest and disease control), (d) creating pollination areas, and (e) encouraging carbon sequestration through permanent green cover in the intercropping system. Another benefit is the maintenance of cultural heritage: namely the 15th century, historically complex, irrigation system, which has been in use since being designed by Arabs up to the present day. Land users are continuously improving the technology by minimizing the impact on the agro-ecosystem through avoiding the use of pesticides. They are proud also with the improvement of the nutrient status of the soil, and the level of soil organic matter, achieved through the application of organic manure, as well as the intercropping and rotational system.
Местоположение: Bocairent, Valencia, Испания
Число исследованных участков, где применяется Технология: отдельный участок
Пространственное распространение Технологии: примененяется точечно/ на небольших участках
На постоянно охраняемой территории?: Нет
Продолжительность применения Технологии: 1998
Тип внедрения/ применения
| Опишите затраты | Единица | Количество | Затраты на единицу (euro) | Общая стоимость на единицу (euro) | % затрат, оплаченных землепользователями |
| Оплата труда | |||||
| Manuring | person-day | 1,0 | 100,0 | ||
| Soil ploughing or soil preparation | person-day | 4,0 | 10,0 | 40,0 | 100,0 |
| Water irrigation | litres | 100,0 | 100,0 | ||
| Plants plantation | person-day | 2,0 | 25,0 | 50,0 | 100,0 |
| Оборудование | |||||
| Hoe | piece | 1,0 | 10,0 | 10,0 | 100,0 |
| shovel | piece | 1,0 | 18,0 | 18,0 | 100,0 |
| Посадочный материал | |||||
| Seed | gr | 200,0 | 1,0 | 200,0 | 100,0 |
| Tree | piece | 25,0 | 15,0 | 375,0 | 100,0 |
| Vegetables | piece | 25,0 | 4,0 | 100,0 | 100,0 |
| Удобрения и ядохимикаты | |||||
| Horse or sheep manure | kg | 80,0 | 100,0 | ||
| Общая стоимость запуска Технологии | 793.0 | ||||
| Общие затраты на создание Технологии в долларах США | 801.01 | ||||
| Опишите затраты | Единица | Количество | Затраты на единицу (euro) | Общая стоимость на единицу (euro) | % затрат, оплаченных землепользователями |
| Оплата труда | |||||
| Weeding | person-day | 1,0 | 100,0 | ||
| Harvesting | person-day | 1,0 | 100,0 | ||
| Soil ploughing | person-day | 1,0 | 100,0 | ||
| Water irrigation | Litres | 100,0 | 100,0 | ||
| Оборудование | |||||
| Hoe | piece | 1,0 | 10,0 | 10,0 | 100,0 |
| Scissors | piece | 1,0 | 10,0 | 10,0 | 100,0 |
| Shovel | piece | 1,0 | 15,0 | 15,0 | 100,0 |
| Посадочный материал | |||||
| Seed | gr | 200,0 | 1,0 | 200,0 | 100,0 |
| Vegetables plant | pieces | 20,0 | 4,0 | 80,0 | 100,0 |
| Fruit trees plant | pieces | 5,0 | 18,0 | 90,0 | 100,0 |
| Удобрения и ядохимикаты | |||||
| Manuring | Kg | 80,0 | 100,0 | ||
| Другие | |||||
| Weeding | person-day | 1,0 | 100,0 | ||
| Общая стоимость поддержания Технологии | 405.0 | ||||
| Общие затраты на поддержание Технологии в долларах США | 409.09 | ||||
The user observes an increase in yield year per year, even in the fruit trees
The user says that the quality of the vegetables increases annually (visual observation)
The user explain that avoiding the use of pesticides and inorganic fertilization, the quality of water is better than before
Because the manure is a gift, no costs are involve in fertilization labour. Avoiding pesticides is another reason to decrease the agricultural inputs
The user and its family self-consumed the vegetables that they harvest in the orchard
Avoiding pesticides and chemical fertilization the health risks decreased on the user and its family
The legacy of the orchard to the next family members is assured because is a tradition to spend weekends working on the orchard and later eat Paella (a traditional Spanish dish)
The user learns about soil quality and degratation with the experience and observation
the permanent green cover as an intercropping system maintains the soil and decreases surface runoff
the permanent green cover as an intercropping system maintains the soil moisture
the permanent green cover as an intercropping system maintains the soil
the permanent green cover as an intercropping system avoids soil loss
the permanent green cover as an intercropping system enhances soil formation
the permanent green cover as an intercropping system decreases soil sealing
the permanent green cover and the manure application decreases soil compactation
the permanent green cover and the manure application increases nutrient cycling
the permanent green cover and the manure application increases organic matter anually
The intercropping system maintain vegetation cover during the year between fruit trees rows
The intercropping system maintain biomassC during the year between fruit trees rows
The intercropping system increases plant diversity during the year between fruit trees rows
The intercropping system attracts pollinators and pest predators naturally
The intercropping system enhances the presence of birds or little mammals
The intercropping system enhances the pest control with the presence of natural killers pest
