1.2 Контактные данные специалистов и организаций, участвующих в описании и оценке Подхода

Название организации (-ий), содействовавших документированию/оценке Подхода (если применимо)

CDE Centre for Development and Environment (CDE Centre for Development and Environment) - Швейцария

Название организации (-ий), содействовавших документированию/оценке Подхода (если применимо)

ICIMOD International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD) - Непал

1.3 Условия, регламентирующие использование собранных ВОКАТ данных

Составитель и ответственный/-ые специалист(-ы) согласны с условиями, регламентирующими использование собранных ВОКАТ данных:

Да

1.4 Ссылка (-и) на Анкету (-ы) по Технологиям УЗП

2.1 Краткое описание Подхода

Supporting local initiatives and building local capacity for the rehabilitation of degraded communal land in the middle mountains of Nepal.

2.2 Подробное описание Подхода

Подробное описание Подхода:

Aims / objectives: The main aim of the People and Resource Dynamics Project's (PARDYP) land rehabilitation activities were to help watershed residents, local groups, and line agencies understand the key issues and to test options for the improved management of water, land, and forests in a participatory way. In Dhotra VDC (Kavrepalanchok district) a local youth club (Ekantabasti Youth Club) had been trying to rehabilitate a 2.5 ha area of degraded communal land since May 2004. The club approached PARDYP for technical assistance. The area had been degraded by overgrazing with two big gullies formed and small landslips along the gullies affecting a trail and the adjoining agricultural land. An unsuccessful attempt had been made to plant the area eight years previously. It had failed due to the difficulty of retaining soil moisture in the area's compacted red soils. A series of meetings were organised to plan future activities, to ensure community participation, and to share responsibilities among local users and PARDYP. The community was committed to rehabilitating the area and took the responsibility for planting, protection, and overall management of the planted species. PARDYP provided planting materials and technical help. A needs assessment with the local people identified the most useful tree species. They entrusted the selection of appropriate grass and hedgerow species to the project's expertise. Project staff arrange for planting materials and logistical support, and showed villagers how to make eyebrow pits, plant hedgerows, and plug gullies. About 450 villagers participated in the rehabilitation activities with women contributing more than half of the labour. They worked four hours a day for 16 mornings.

Methods: A five-women strong user committee was formed to manage and protect the planted species and a five-man strong task force was set up to maintain regular links and coordination between the user committee, the youth club, and the villagers. The coordination committee, with guidance from the youth club, was responsible for facilitating and coordinating all the second season rehabilitation work in 2005.

2.3 Фотографии, иллюстрирующие Подход

2.5 Страна/ регион/ место, где применялся Подход

2.6 Даты начала и окончания реализации Подхода

2.7 Тип Подхода

• в рамках проекта/ программы

2.8 Каковы цели/ задачи Подхода

The Approach focused on SLM only

- To demonstrate appropriate technologies for rehabilitating degraded land and evaluating their effectiveness. - To provide training on soil and water conservation (SWC) technologies for effectively implementing the rehabilitation activities and to build the capacity of the local community to carry out the work. - To organise and mobilise a local community for implementing, protecting and managing the planted areas and the physical structures

The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: - Lack of awareness about low cost soil and water conservation technologies that address farmers' needs. - Weak institutional collaboration for developing and implementing technologies

2.9 Условия содействующие применению Технологии/ Технологий в рамках Подхода или затрудняющие его

3.1 Заинтересованные стороны, участвующие в реализации Подхода и их роли

3.2 Участие местных землепользователей/ местных сообществ на разных стадиях реализации Подхода

	Участие местных землепользователей/ местных сообществ	Перечислите участников и опишите их вовлеченность
инициирование/ мотивация	интерактивное	Local youth club approached PARDYP for technical help during a meeting.
планирование	интерактивное	Public meetings organised to share responsibilities. Land users took responsibility for land preparation, planting, protection, grazing control, and overall management of planted species. Men and women performed planned activities together. Construction of eyebrow pits done mostly by men. Filling o
выполнение	самоорганизация	Self-mobilised group under leadership of youth club implemented the activities; technical guidance during implementing period provided by project
мониторинг/ оценка	интерактивное	Survival of planted species, effect of eyebrow pits, performance of species and check dams were monitored/observed. Results shared in public meetings and reported to the project
Research	нет

3.3 Схема реализации (если имеется)

3.4 Принятие решений по выбору Технологии/ Технологий УЗП

Укажите, кто принимал решение по выбору применяемой Технологии/ Технологий:

• преимущественно специалисты по УЗП после консультаций с землепользователями

Поясните:

A local youth club (Ekantabasti youth club) has initiated rehabilitation activities on the degraded communal land since May 2004. The youth club approached PARDYP for the technical assistance.

Decisions on the method of implementing the SLM Technology were made by mainly by land users supported by SLM specialists. Villagers took the responsibility for planting, protecting, and overall management of the planted species. PARDYP arranged planting materials and technical support

4.1 Повышение компетенций/ обучение

Проводилось ли обучение землепользователей/ других заинтересованных лиц?

Да

Укажите, кто проходил обучение:

• землепользователи

Тип обучения:

• опытные участки

Рассматриваемые темы:

On-site training sessions were organised for establishing the eyebrow pits, contour hedgerows, gully treatments, and check dams and their maintenance.

4.2 Консультационные услуги

Есть ли у землепользователей возможность получать консультации?

Да

Укажите, где именно оказываются консультационные услуги:

• на полях землепользователей

Описание/ комментарий:

Name of method used for advisory service: Rehabilitation of degraded land thorough demonstration and training; Key elements: On site training, Demonstration, Exchange visits and public meetings; After implementing the technology, a number of exchange and interaction, audio visual presentation, and monitoring programmes were carried out as a scaling up strategy.

Advisory service is quite adequate to ensure the continuation of land conservation activities; Trained human resources can continue the activities.

4.3 Институциональная (организационная) поддержка

В ходе реализации Подхода были ли организованы новые институциональные структуры или поддержаны уже существующие?

• да, умеренно

Укажите уровень, на котором структуры были укреплены или вновь созданы:

• местные

Укажите тип поддержки:

• повышение компетенций/ обучение

Подробнее:

Technical training was provided to local youth club.

4.4 Мониторинг и оценка

Являются ли мониторинг и оценка частью Подхода?

Да

Комментарии:

bio-physical aspects were ad hoc monitored through observations; indicators: soil type and texture

technical aspects were regular monitored through measurements; indicators: performance of planted species and their survival rates

socio-cultural aspects were ad hoc monitored through observations; indicators: preferred tree species and closing the area for grazing

economic / production aspects were ad hoc monitored through observations; indicators: seed and grass production

no. of land users involved aspects were ad hoc monitored through observations; indicators: participation in maintaining planted species and structures

There were no changes in the Approach as a result of monitoring and evaluation: The users increased the size of the eyebrow pits and dug new pits and extended the hedgerow lines to fill in gaps; but the overall approach was not changed.

4.5 Научные исследования

Были ли научные исследования частью Подхода?

Да

Укажите темы исследований:

• технология

Напишите подробнее и назовите тех, кто выполнял исследования:

Research was not a major focus of the approach although the performance and survival rates of planted species, and performance of eyebrow pits and connecting drainage trenches were regularly observed.

Research was carried out on-farm

5.1 Годовой бюджет мероприятий по УЗП в рамках Подхода

Если точный годовой бюжет неизвестен, укажите примерный диапазон затрат:

• < 2000

Комментарий (например, основные источники финансирования/ ключевые доноры):

Approach costs were met by the following donors: international (SDC, IDRC, ICIMOD): 90.0%; local community / land user(s) (materials and tools for training): 10.0%

5.3 Субсидии на отдельные затраты (включая оплату труда)

• сельскохозяйственные

Если труд землепользователя был существенным вкладом, укажите, был ли этот вклад:

• добровольный

Комментарии:

Land users involvement was fully voluntary, they worked together in a cooperative spirit to improve their common degraded land.

5.4 Кредитование

Предоставлялись ли в рамках Подхода кредиты на мероприятия УЗП?

Нет

6.1 Влияние Подхода

6.2 Основные причины, побуждающие землепользователей внедрять УЗП

6.3 Долгосрочная устойчивость мероприятий в рамках Подхода

Могут ли землепользователи самостоятельно (без внешней поддержки) продолжать применение того, что было реализовано в рамках Подхода?

• нет уверенности

Если нет или нет уверенности, объясните почему:

Land users planned to upscale the technology and its related approach to rehabilitate the degraded areas of their community forest but it hasn't happened yet.

6.4 Сильные стороны/ преимущества Подхода

Сильные стороны/ преимущества/ возможности по мнению землепользователей
Suitable technologies were shared and valuable knowledge given during the rehabilitation work (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Continue this incorporating new ideas)
Community institution strengthened, and some money (US$ 17) raised by selling grasses and grass seed within two years of rehabilitation. Money used for social activities (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: As above)

Сильные стороны/ преимущества/ возможности по мнению составителя или других ключевых специалистов
Site visits and focus group discussion meetings were effective for disseminating and scaling up the approach (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Continue these initiatives on a regular basis to strengthen land users??? involvement in SLM activities)
Among total participants, women's participation was higher. User committee was made up of just women (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Continue this)
The local youth club played a key role in rehabilitation activities - a key factor for sustainability and continuity (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: More local institutions should be identified and involved.)
This is a bottom-up approach with the rehabilitation activities purely demand driven. Farmers' priorities for tree species to be planted were identified in a participatory way (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Continue by including new priorities)

6.5 Слабые стороны/ недостатки Подхода и пути их преодоления

Слабые стороны/ недостатки/ риски по мнению землепользователей	Возможные пути их преодоления/снижения?
Research was not a main focus of the activity, and not enough options were explored.	Explore and test more options

Слабые стороны/ недостатки/ риски по мнению составителя или ответственных специалистов	Возможные пути их преодоления/снижения?
Collaboration with government line agencies was lacking	Rehabilitation work should be carried out involving all main stakeholders

7.1 Методы сбора/источники информации

7.2 Ссылки на опубликованные материалы

Название, автор, год публикации, ISBN:

ICIMOD (2007) Good Practices in Watershed Management, Lessons Learned in the Mid Hills of Nepal. Kathmandu: ICIMOD

Где опубликовано? Стоимость?

ICOMOD