1.2 Контактные данные специалистов и организаций, участвующих в описании и оценке Подхода

Название организации (-ий), содействовавших документированию/оценке Подхода (если применимо)

Beijing Forestry University (BFU) - Китай

Название организации (-ий), содействовавших документированию/оценке Подхода (если применимо)

CDE Centre for Development and Environment (CDE Centre for Development and Environment) - Швейцария

1.3 Условия, регламентирующие использование собранных ВОКАТ данных

Составитель и ответственный/-ые специалист(-ы) согласны с условиями, регламентирующими использование собранных ВОКАТ данных:

Да

2.3 Фотографии, иллюстрирующие Подход

2.5 Страна/ регион/ место, где применялся Подход

2.8 Каковы цели/ задачи Подхода

The aim of the approach are to: - Establish the control model of government and farmers; - Intercepting and restoring soil and water to prevent soil and water loss; - Publicizing the knowledge of soil and water conservation and the idea of sustainable development; - Protecting , improving and using soil resources rationally combining with biological measures; - Improving the productive and ecological environment, increasing yield and farmers income.
The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: - Severe soil and water loss, ecological environment deterioration; - Soil physical property deterioration: rigidity and hardening in drought period; heavy and clay in flooding period; water and fertilizer conservation capability decreased.

2.9 Условия содействующие применению Технологии/ Технологий в рамках Подхода или затрудняющие его

3.1 Заинтересованные стороны, участвующие в реализации Подхода и их роли

3.2 Участие местных землепользователей/ местных сообществ на разных стадиях реализации Подхода

	Участие местных землепользователей/ местных сообществ	Перечислите участников и опишите их вовлеченность
инициирование/ мотивация	нет	Technique extension
планирование	интерактивное	Farmers participate design process
выполнение	интерактивное	Farmers input labor
мониторинг/ оценка	интерактивное	Farmers participate investigation of benefit evaluation
Research	нет

3.4 Принятие решений по выбору Технологии/ Технологий УЗП

Было решение по выбору Технологии (-ий) принято:

• Song-Liao Water Resources Commission, Ministry of

Поясните:

Song-Liao Water Resources Commission; Soil and water conservation office of Water Conservancy Bureau, Liaoning Province

4.1 Повышение компетенций/ обучение

Проводилось ли обучение землепользователей/ других заинтересованных лиц?

Да

Укажите, кто проходил обучение:

• землепользователи

Тип обучения:

• обмен опытом между фермерами
• курсы

4.4 Мониторинг и оценка

Являются ли мониторинг и оценка частью Подхода?

Да

Комментарии:

management of Approach aspects were monitored through measurements
land users involved aspects were monitored through measurements
area treated aspects were monitored through measurements
economic / production aspects were monitored through measurements
socio-cultural aspects were monitored through measurements
technical aspects were monitored through observations
bio-physical aspects were monitored through measurements
There were many changes in the Approach as a result of monitoring and evaluation: Formerly the government policy guides farmers to participate, investment is not enough and the enthusiasm of farmers is low, and treatment result is not obvious. Presently, government investment plus technique service support and favorable policy promote construction; Farmers enthusiasm is high, treatment result is obvious.
There were several changes in the Technology as a result of monitoring and evaluation: The project shortens slope length and route of surface runoff to reduce the erosion; Not only improve the effective utilization of rainoff sources, but also promote agricultural production condition and farmers income.

4.5 Научные исследования

Были ли научные исследования частью Подхода?

Да

Укажите темы исследований:

• технология

Напишите подробнее и назовите тех, кто выполнял исследования:

The research institute, university and relational technique units are as the main research part. Part of scientific data is obtained by farmers. Research fields include the benefits of soil and water conservation caused by contour trench and water intercepting ditch, the influence on water-fertilize condition and increasing yield. The research results are directly used to revise and perfect the project.

5.1 Годовой бюджет мероприятий по УЗП в рамках Подхода

Комментарий (например, основные источники финансирования/ ключевые доноры):

Approach costs were met by the following donors: government (National investment): 60.0%; local government (district, county, municipality, village etc) (Local financing): 30.0%; local community / land user(s) (Labor input by farmers): 10.0%

5.2 Финансирование и внешняя материальная поддержка, предоставляемая землепользователям

Предоставлялась ли землепользователям финансовая/ материальная поддержка для применения Технологии /Технологий?

Да

Если да, укажите тип(-ы) поддержки, кто ее предоставил и условия предоставления:

Raw materials: cements, stone and sand; many kinds of conveyances; Scientific input is mainly the planning and design of specific personnel.

5.3 Субсидии на отдельные затраты (включая оплату труда)

Если труд землепользователя был существенным вкладом, укажите, был ли этот вклад:

• в обмен на другие материальные ресурсы

Комментарии:

Minority of farmers willing to input labor. Most of the farmers are encouraged to participate by deductions and exemptions agricultural tax and provide work as a form of relief. The participated farmers agricultural tax deduced and exempted by 30-50% in 5 years. Farmers cultivated land was compensated on 300yuan/mu•a. At the same time, the participated farmers could get interest-free or low interest Loan of Aid-the-poor which is primarily used on production.

5.4 Кредитование

Предоставлялись ли в рамках Подхода кредиты на мероприятия УЗП?

Да

Укажите условия предоставления (процент, окупаемость и т.д.):

repayment conditions: National investment, NA .

6.1 Влияние Подхода

6.4 Сильные стороны/ преимущества Подхода

Сильные стороны/ преимущества/ возможности по мнению составителя или других ключевых специалистов
Government provides funds and techniques, communities participation (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Establish multi-mechanism investment forms diversification, strengthen farmers extension)
Combining method, research and demonstration (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Strength scientific research, play the role of demonstration )
Combining agricultural and forestry measures (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Developing greatly runoff agriculture and forestry and high efficiency agriculture)
Shortening slope length and route of surface runoff (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Increase vegeta-tion coverage)
Reducing erosion and sediment rushing into river (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: ArrangingGully Head Protection Project)
Improving the effective utilization of rainoff sources (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Anti-scour Shrub Belt)
Increasing grain yield and farmers income (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Planting economic crops on the slope, further perfect irrigation situation)

6.5 Слабые стороны/ недостатки Подхода и пути их преодоления

Слабые стороны/ недостатки/ риски по мнению составителя или ответственных специалистов	Возможные пути их преодоления/снижения?
Establishing multi-level, diversification and multiple channels of the investment system of national investment, local support and labor input	By farmers and using foreign and social investment.
After the two labours cancelled, the enthusiasm of farmers decreased	Government should link up with actual situation, make favorable policy to encourage farmers participating soil and water conservation construction.
Extending from up to down by government, community participate passively, farmers understanding is limited	Establish diversified popularization and extension, increase the frequency of consultation and training.

7.1 Методы сбора/источники информации