Improved Dairy Shed full view (Tshering Yangzom)
The main characteristics of the improved dairy shed are concrete floors, cement pillars and troughs, enough sunlight and ventilation, adequate water, ample space for cattle movement, urine and dung collection gutters, and a farmyard manure (FYM) collection area. The main purposes are to (a) enhance the overall well-being of animals, (b) optimize animal production, (c) minimize forest grazing and promote stall feeding, (d) increase the availability of FYM and urine for application to croplands, (e) develop pasture with fodder grasses, and (f) provide a comfortable working environment for land users.
The main inputs needed for establishment are cement for concrete floors, pillars, and troughs, and corrugated galvanised iron (CGI) sheets for roofing. The principal activities needed to maintain the technology are undertaking stall feeding instead of forest grazing, developing improved pasture with fodder grasses and trees, replacing low-yielding local cows with improved breeds dairy breeds such as Jerseys through buying or breeding (naturally or through Artificial Insemination [AI]), and better waste management.
The benefits of the technology include (a) the addition of nutrients to fields through the application of FYM and cattle urine, (b) an associated increase in organic matter, (c) better soil moisture retention, (d) availability of good quality fodder and a diverse range of forage options, (e) reduced labour due to less wild fodder collection and herding in the forest, (f) efficient waste utilization, (f) the potential manufacture and use of renewable biogas instead of liquid petroleum gas (LPG), (g) reduced land degradation due to reduction in forest grazing, (h) increased vegetation cover due to improved pasture development, (i) less soil compaction through decreased trampling by animals, (j) more comfortable working environment for land users, (k) improved livestock health and animal welfare, and (l) improved livelihoods of farmers through higher farm income. Besides these benefits, land users like the durability of the new sheds. However, one of the constraints of the technology is that the land users may lack funds to construct the sheds, or for improved cattle breeds, to justify the extra investment. These can hopefully be overcome by government support to land users through cost-sharing measures.
สถานที่: Martang village, Dewathang gewog, Samdrup Jongkhar Dzongkhag, ภูฏาน
ตำนวนการวิเคราะห์เทคโนโลยี: พื้นที่เดี่ยว
การเผยแพร่ของเทคโนโลยี: ใช้ ณ จุดที่เฉพาะเจาะจงหรือเน้นไปยังบริเวณพื้นที่ขนาดเล็ก
In a permanently protected area?: ไม่ใช่
วันที่ในการดำเนินการ: 2014
ประเภทของการแนะนำ
| Species | Count |
| cattle - dairy | 7 |
| ปัจจัยนำเข้า | หน่วย | ปริมาณ | ค่าใช้จ่ายต่อหน่วย (Nu) | ค่าใช้จ่ายทั้งหมดต่อปัจจัยนำเข้า (Nu) | %ของค่าใช้จ่ายที่ก่อให้เกิดขึ้นโดยผู้ใช้ที่ดิน |
| แรงงาน | |||||
| manpower | person-days | 15.0 | 700.0 | 10500.0 | |
| วัสดุสำหรับก่อสร้าง | |||||
| CGI sheet (8", 0.05mm) | No | 31.0 | 900.0 | 27900.0 | |
| Boulder | Truck load | 1.0 | 7000.0 | 7000.0 | |
| Gravel | Truck load | 0.5 | 17000.0 | 8500.0 | |
| Sand | Truck load | 0.5 | 22000.0 | 11000.0 | |
| Cement | Bag | 25.0 | 400.0 | 10000.0 | |
| Planks | Cft | 150.0 | 350.0 | 52500.0 | |
| Iron road | Kg | 150.0 | 75.0 | 11250.0 | |
| ค่าใช้จ่ายทั้งหมดของการจัดตั้งเทคโนโลยี | 138'650.0 | ||||
| Total costs for establishment of the Technology in USD | 1'690.85 | ||||
Crop production has increased due to the use of FYM and urine from improved cattle shed.
Crop quality has increased due to the use of FYM and urine from improved cattle sheds. These organic fertilizers add nutrients to the soil and enhance crop growth and development.
Fodder plantation has been encouraged due to stall feeding under the improved dairy shed technology. The land user has planted fodder grasses on 1.2 acres of land. The fodder grasses grown include Napier, Super Napier, Guatemala grasses.
The land user has planted fodder grasses (a mix of Super Napier, Napier, and Guatemala) on 1.2 acres of land to be fed to cattle. A variety of fodder grasses are grown for stall feeding of cattle.
Animal production has increased due to improved fodder production and quality. The technology promotes integrated crop-livestock farming whereby the crop residues are fed to the cattle as feeds, another source of nutrients for the animals. Under the improved dairy shed, the animals have access to proper sunlight and ventilation, adequate water, and ample space for their movement resulting in the overall well-being of the animals.
Milk production has increased due to improved fodder production and quality grown for stall feeding. The milk provides raw material to produce a wide variety of dairy products.
Production area has increased with the land user growing fodder grasses in 1.2 acres of land. The land user feeds 7 dairy cattle with these fodder grasses.
The dung from shed is used in biogas plant to produce biogas. Biogas has reduced the use of LPG gas.
Farm income has increased due to integrated livestock farming that has been promoted by improved dairy shed. Crop production and quality have improved due to the use of FYM and cattle urine. The increased milk production from stall feeding of good quality fodder grasses has enabled the land user to become a member of a milk group where the land user earns some amount every month.
The land user is now a member of a milk group. The increase in milk has encouraged the land user to join the group.
Food security and self-sufficiency have increased due to increased animal production and crop production.
Stall feeding has provided an opportunity for the land user to engage in recreational activities. Earlier when there was no stall feeding, the land user had to take cattle to a nearby forest and tend them for hours.
The land user realizes the benefits of FYM application, stall feeding, fodder production, and biogas plant usage.
When stall feeding was not practised, land user had issues with his cattle entering into neighbours' fields and damaging their fields. This problem has been mitigated by the practice of stall feeding.
The situation of socially and economically disadvantaged groups has improved due to increased farm production.
Soil cover has increased due to fodder grass cultivation on 1.2 acres of land.
Nutrient cycling has increased due to integrated livestock farming.
Soil organic matter has increased due to the addition of FYM to fields.
Vegetation cover has increased due to fodder grass plantation on 1.2 acres of land.
Biogas plant has reduced the use of LPG gas and methane emissions.
