Specify the spread of the Technology:

• evenly spread over an area

If precise area is not known, indicate approximate area covered:

• < 0.1 km2 (10 ha)

Is/are the technology site(s) located in a permanently protected area?

No

{'is_geometry': True, 'configuration': 'technologies', 'additional_translations': {}, 'key': 'Map', 'value': '{"type":"FeatureCollection","features":[{"type":"Feature","id":1568018932171,"geometry":{"type":"Point","coordinates":[92.18761285608726,22.172932344857486]},"properties":null}]}', 'questionnaire_object': <Questionnaire: {"qg_name": [{"name": {"en": "Minimizing soil erosion through Natural Vegetative Strip (NVS) practice in slope cultivation"}}], "qg_image": [{"image": "475fcadc-09af-46c6-bd6e-f07704915c5b", "image_date": "03/09/2019", "image_target": "55,59", "image_caption": {"en": "Natural Vegetative Strip in slope cultivation"}, "image_location": {"en": "Meghla, Bandarban"}, "image_photographer": {"en": "Md. Fazlay Arafat"}}], "qg_photos": [{"image": "9870387c-439f-49d7-b6e1-90de00a55c8c", "image_date": "03/09/2019", "image_caption": {"en": "Okra cultivation in slope with Natural Vegetative Strip"}, "image_location": {"en": "Meghla, Bandarban"}, "image_photographer": {"en": "Md. Fazlay Arafat"}}, {"image": "5645cf1e-1df2-4ecb-9978-c0530cc45af0", "image_date": "03/09/2019", "image_caption": {"en": "Yard-long bean cultivation with NVS"}, "image_location": {"en": "Meghla, Bandarban"}, "image_photographer": {"en": "Md. Fazlay Arafat"}}], "tech_qg_1": [{"tech_definition": {"en": "Natural Vegetative Strips (NVS) are narrow strips of naturally growing grasses and herbs intentionally left unploughed along the contours of slope land to serve as buffers that prevent soil erosion during heavy rains."}}], "tech_qg_2": [{"tech_description": {"en": "The Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) covers an area about 13,181 km2 and occupies about 76% of total 12% upland areas of the country and is endowed with natural beauty and potential economic benefits. Shifting cultivation or jhum has been practiced in CHT for many hundreds of years by the local people. Shifting cultivation is a form of agriculture, in which an area of ground is cleared of vegetation, and cultivated for a few years and then abandoned for a new area until its fertility has been naturally restored. Many cultivators practice slash-and-burn in jhum as one element of their farming cycle. Shifting cultivation and its associated fires destroyed about two thirds of the previously existing forests in CHT, which has accelerated soil erosion. While it was an environmentally suitable land use in the past when population pressure was low, it has gradually become an environmentally incompatible land use system with the shortening of fallow periods. In addition to increasing population pressure, low investment in agricultural technology, and poor management of land rights have also negatively impacted the forests. One of the best ways of adapting to these issues is the adoption of Natural Vegetative Strip (NVS) technique on cultivated slopes.\r\nNVS are narrow strips of naturally growing grasses and herbs intentionally left unploughed along the contours of hilly-sloped lands. On gentle slopes, every 4-meters a 1-meter wide strip of NVS is made along the natural contours of the slope. These strips serve as buffers that prevent the soil from eroding during heavy rains and intensive cultivation. Over time, these strips form stable terraces along the contours. Vegetables and other crops can be cultivated in between two NVS. \r\nThe Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Center in Meghla, Bandarban has implemented demonstration plots of this sustainable land management technique. Here the use of NVS has improved morphological and reproductive characteristics. They reduced soil erosion by more than 90% and NVS\u2019s were easy to establish as they were incorporated during land preparation, and thus required minimal labour. They did not entail additional cost, as there was no need for additional planting materials, since the grasses naturally grew on the farm. \r\nIn addition to minimizing soil erosion, NVS plays a vital role in improving plant growth, crop productivity, and fruit length and weight. The strips also filter pesticides, nitrates and soluble phosphorus thus prevent runoff. As they improve water infiltration during heavy rains, subsequent land preparation and crop management become easier. One limitation of NVS is that it reduces the available cropping area by about 10 to 15%, depending on the steepness of the slope. The steeper slope require more wide vegetative strips for erosion protection. Typically the strips do not cause weed problems as long as the farmers regularly cultivate within the NVS area and maintain a 50 cm buffer around the area. If farmer-maintenance is good, no weed problems occur. NVS is a promising practice to mitigate soil erosion and improve crop cultivation in CHT."}}], "tech_qg_3": [{"tech_sites_considered": "sites_considered_single"}], "tech_qg_4": [{"tech_spread_area": "tech_spread_less_01", "tech_spread_tech": "tech_spread_evenly"}], "tech_qg_5": [{"tech_who_implemented": ["implementation_experiments"], "tech_who_implemented_comments": {"en": "The Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Center demonstrate the NVS technology in hill slope of Bandarban area to study the impact of this practice on erosion."}}], "tech_qg_6": [{"tech_main_purpose": ["main_purpose_production", "main_purpose_degradation", "main_purpose_disasters"]}], "tech_qg_8": [{"tech_measures": ["tech_measures_vegetative"]}], "tech_qg_9": [{"tech_landuse_2018": ["tech_lu_cropland"]}], "qg_sources": [{"sources_used": ["source_field", "source_interviews_experts", "source_compilation"]}], "tech_qg_10": [{"tech_crop_rotation": 0, "tech_intercropping": 1, "tech_growing_seasons": "growing_season_2", "tech_lu_cropland_sub": ["lu_cropland_ca"], "tech_intercropping_specify": {"en": "Yard-long bean and Okra"}, "tech_growing_seasons_specify": {"en": "Summer and Winter"}, "tech_lu_cropland_annual_cropping_crops": ["annual_crops_455", "annual_crops_423", "annual_crops_vegetables_other"]}], "tech_qg_19": [{"tech_watersupply": "tech_watersupply_mixed", "tech_watersupply_comments": {"en": "Manual irrigation in the dry period from the stream"}}], "tech_qg_20": [{"tech_slm_group": ["tech_slm_group_crossslope"]}], "tech_qg_22": [{"tech_measures_vegetative_sub": ["measures_vegetative_v2"]}], "tech_qg_27": [{"tech_degradation": ["degradation_erosion_water"]}], "tech_qg_28": [{"degradation_erosion_water_sub": ["degradation_wt"]}], "tech_qg_35": [{"tech_prevention": ["intervention_reduce_ld"]}], "tech_qg_36": [{"tech_input_est_unit": {"en": "person-days"}, "tech_input_est_costs": 600.0, "tech_input_est_specify": {"en": "Cleaning"}, "tech_input_est_quantity": 15.0, "tech_input_est_total_costs_pi": 9000.0, "tech_input_est_percentage_costs": 100.0}, {"tech_input_est_unit": {"en": "person-days"}, "tech_input_est_costs": 600.0, "tech_input_est_specify": {"en": "Making contour line"}, "tech_input_est_quantity": 8.0, "tech_input_est_total_costs_pi": 4800.0, "tech_input_est_percentage_costs": 100.0}, {"tech_input_est_unit": {"en": "person-days"}, "tech_input_est_costs": 600.0, "tech_input_est_specify": {"en": "Making pit"}, "tech_input_est_quantity": 8.0, "tech_input_est_total_costs_pi": 4800.0, "tech_input_est_percentage_costs": 100.0}, {"tech_input_est_unit": {"en": "person-days"}, "tech_input_est_costs": 600.0, "tech_input_est_specify": {"en": "Fertilizer application"}, "tech_input_est_quantity": 2.0, "tech_input_est_total_costs_pi": 1200.0, "tech_input_est_percentage_costs": 100.0}], "tech_qg_37": [{"tech_input_est_unit": {"en": "lump sum"}, "tech_input_est_costs": 5000.0, "tech_input_est_specify": {"en": "Spade, Knife, Basket"}, "tech_input_est_quantity": 1.0, "tech_input_est_total_costs_pi": 5000.0, "tech_input_est_percentage_costs": 100.0}], "tech_qg_38": [{"tech_input_est_unit": {"en": "kg"}, "tech_input_est_costs": 4000.0, "tech_input_est_specify": {"en": "Seeds of vegetables"}, "tech_input_est_quantity": 0.6, "tech_input_est_total_costs_pi": 2400.0, "tech_input_est_percentage_costs": 100.0}, {"tech_input_est_unit": {"en": "pcs"}, "tech_input_est_costs": 2.0, "tech_input_est_specify": {"en": "Bamboo stick to support plant"}, "tech_input_est_quantity": 1500.0, "tech_input_est_total_costs_pi": 3000.0, "tech_input_est_percentage_costs": 100.0}], "tech_qg_39": [{"tech_input_est_unit": {"en": "lump sum"}, "tech_input_est_costs": 3000.0, "tech_input_est_specify": {"en": "Fencing"}, "tech_input_est_quantity": 1.0, "tech_input_est_total_costs_pi": 3000.0, "tech_input_est_percentage_costs": 100.0}], "tech_qg_40": [{"tech_input_est_unit": {"en": "Lump sum"}, "tech_input_est_costs": 2000.0, "tech_input_est_specify": {"en": "Transportation"}, "tech_input_est_quantity": 1.0, "tech_input_est_total_costs_pi": 2000.0}], "tech_qg_43": [{"tech_maint_timing": {"en": "Before onset of the monsoon"}, "tech_maint_activity": {"en": "Maintenance of the natural vegetative strip (weeding the crop bed, repair the natural vegetative strip)"}}], "tech_qg_45": [{"tech_input_maint_unit": {"en": "person-days"}, "tech_input_maint_costs": 600.0, "tech_input_maint_specify": {"en": "weeding the crop bed and repair the natural vegetative strip"}, "tech_input_maint_quantity": 5.0, "tech_input_maint_total_costs_pi": 3000.0, "tech_input_maint_percentage_costs": 100.0}], "tech_qg_54": [{"tech_rainfall": ["tech_rainfall_2001_3000"], "tech_rainfall_meteostation": {"en": "Bandarban"}}], "tech_qg_55": [{"tech_agroclimatic_zone": ["tech_agroclimatic_zone_humid"], "tech_agroclimatic_zone_specifications": {"en": "25.9 \u00b0C"}}], "tech_qg_56": [{"tech_slopes": ["tech_slopes_steep"], "tech_landforms": ["tech_landforms_hillslopes"], "tech_altitudinalzone": ["tech_altitudinalzone_100_500"]}], "tech_qg_57": [{"tech_convex_concave": "topography_not_relevant"}], "tech_qg_58": [{"tech_soil_depth": ["tech_soil_depth_shallow"], "tech_topsoil_organic": ["tech_topsoil_organic_medium"], "tech_soil_texture_20cm": ["tech_soil_texture_medium"], "tech_soil_texture_topsoil": ["tech_soil_texture_medium"]}], "tech_qg_60": [{"tech_groundwater": "tech_groundwater_5_50m", "tech_surfacewater": "tech_surfacewater_good", "tech_waterquality": "tech_waterquality_poor", "tech_waterquality_referring": "tech_waterquality_ref_surface"}], "tech_qg_61": [{"tech_salinization": 0}], "tech_qg_63": [{"tech_flooding": 0}], "tech_qg_66": [{"tech_habitatdiversity": "measure_medium", "tech_speciesdiversity": "measure_medium"}], "tech_qg_71": [{"tech_gender": ["gender_women", "gender_men"], "tech_wealth": ["tech_wealth_average"], "tech_individuals": ["individuals_employee"], "tech_age_landusers": ["tech_age_youth", "tech_age_middle", "tech_age_elderly"], "tech_mechanisation": ["mechanisation_manual"], "tech_offfarm_income": ["offfarm_income_0_10"], "tech_sedentary_nomadic": ["sedentary_sedentary"], "tech_market_orientation": ["tech_market_orientation_commercial"]}], "tech_qg_72": [{"tech_land_size": ["tech_land_size_less_05"], "tech_land_size_relative": ["tech_size_smallscale"]}], "tech_qg_73": [{"tech_ownership": ["tech_ownership_state", "tech_ownership_communal"], "tech_landuserights": ["tech_userights_communal", "tech_userights_leased"], "tech_wateruserights": ["tech_userights_openaccess"], "tech_traditional_rights": 1, "tech_traditional_rights_specify": {"en": "As per Chittagong Hill Tract regulation act"}}], "tech_qg_76": [{"tech_impacts_specify": {"en": "Crop production increased as seeds are planted in a systematic way with proper spacing"}, "tech_impacts_cropproduction": 5}], "tech_qg_77": [{"tech_landuser_comments": {"en": "Normally land users will apply the Technology as households or small groups. In the case here documented, the Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Center in Bandarban applied the technology for research purposes"}}], "tech_qg_79": [{"tech_impacts_specify": {"en": "the natural strip yields fodder"}, "tech_impacts_fodderproduction": 6}], "tech_qg_84": [{"tech_impacts_specify": {"en": "The natural strip can be potentially used for Broom grass cultivation"}, "tech_impacts_nonwoodforestproduction": 6}], "tech_qg_85": [{"tech_impacts_specify": {"en": "Each strip also act as a barrier for pest infestation"}, "tech_impacts_productionfailure": 7}], "tech_qg_86": [{"tech_impacts_specify": {"en": "Each strip can grow different types of crops"}, "tech_impacts_productdiversity": 6}], "tech_qg_87": [{"tech_impacts_specify": {"en": "production area reduced due to establishment of natural strip"}, "tech_impacts_productionarea": 3}], "tech_qg_88": [{"tech_impacts_landmanagement": 5}], "tech_qg_93": [{"tech_input_est_comments": {"en": "The Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Center bear all the costs of this documented practice as land user"}}], "tech_qg_95": [{"tech_input_determinate_factors": {"en": "The cost depends on the slope. Steep slopes require more natural vegetative strips to reduce soil erosion. Hence, the cost is higher for steep slopes."}}], "qg_location": [{"country": "country_BGD", "state_province": {"en": "Bandarban District"}, "further_location": {"en": "Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Center, Meghla, Bandarban"}}], "tech_qg_102": [{"tech_impacts_specify": {"en": "Demand for irrigation water reduced as NVS reduces runoff and soil can hold more moisture"}, "tech_impacts_demandirrigationwater": 6}], "tech_qg_103": [{"tech_impacts_specify": {"en": "Cleaning and jungle cutting is not require for whole land. Thus it reduces cost."}, "tech_impacts_expenses": 5}], "tech_qg_104": [{"tech_impacts_farmincome": 5}], "tech_qg_105": [{"tech_impacts_specify": {"en": "Non Timber Forest Product (NTFP) in natural strip also generates income"}, "tech_impacts_diversityincome": 5}], "tech_qg_108": [{"tech_impacts_foodsecurity": 5}], "tech_qg_112": [{"tech_impacts_specify": {"en": "The practice increase the aesthetic view"}, "tech_impacts_recreational": 6}], "tech_qg_115": [{"tech_impacts_slmknowledge": 6}], "tech_qg_121": [{"tech_impacts_specify": {"en": "Surface runoff reduces due to barriers of NVS"}, "tech_impacts_surfacerunoff": 7}], "tech_qg_122": [{"tech_impacts_waterdrainage": 6}], "tech_qg_123": [{"tech_impacts_specify": {"en": "Groundwater recharge improved due to reduced surface runoff"}, "tech_impacts_groundwater": 6}], "tech_qg_124": [{"tech_impacts_evaporation": 6}], "tech_qg_125": [{"tech_impacts_soilmoisture": 6}], "tech_qg_127": [{"tech_impacts_soilloss": 6}], "tech_qg_128": [{"tech_impacts_specify": {"en": "Soil accumulation increased and eventually formed terraces along the contour line"}, "tech_impacts_soilaccumulation": 7}], "tech_qg_131": [{"tech_impacts_nutrientcycling": 6}], "tech_qg_133": [{"tech_impacts_soilorganicmatter": 5}], "tech_qg_136": [{"tech_impacts_plantdiversity": 5}], "tech_qg_138": [{"tech_impacts_beneficialspecies": 5}], "tech_qg_139": [{"tech_impacts_habitatdiversity": 5}], "tech_qg_140": [{"tech_impacts_biomass": 5}], "tech_qg_141": [{"tech_impacts_emissioncarbon": 5}], "tech_qg_145": [{"tech_impacts_pestcontrol": 5}], "tech_qg_146": [{"tech_impacts_wateravailability": 5}], "tech_qg_155": [{"tech_impacts_impactgreenhousegases": 5}], "tech_qg_156": [{"tech_sustainability": 0}], "tech_qg_160": [{"tech_implementation_decades": "implemenation_less_10"}], "tech_qg_163": [{"tech_perarea_size": {"en": "1 acre"}, "tech_area_unit_conversion": {"en": "1 acre = 0.4 ha"}}], "tech_qg_164": [{"tech_input_average_wage": {"en": "600 BDT"}, "tech_input_exchange_rate": 84.0, "tech_input_national_currency": {"en": "BDT"}}], "tech_qg_165": [{"tech_est_timing": {"en": "March-April"}, "tech_est_activity": {"en": "Cleaning"}}, {"tech_est_timing": {"en": "March-April"}, "tech_est_activity": {"en": "Making contour line"}}, {"tech_est_timing": {"en": "April-May"}, "tech_est_activity": {"en": "Planting"}}], "tech_qg_168": [{"tech_exposure_incrdecr": "increase", "tech_exposure_sensitivity": "cope_well"}], "tech_qg_169": [{"tech_exposure_season": "season_summer", "tech_exposure_incrdecr": "increase", "tech_exposure_sensitivity": "cope_well"}], "tech_qg_170": [{"tech_exposure_incrdecr": "increase", "tech_exposure_sensitivity": "cope_well"}], "tech_qg_171": [{"tech_exposure_season": "season_rainy", "tech_exposure_incrdecr": "increase", "tech_exposure_sensitivity": "cope_well"}], "tech_qg_179": [{"tech_exposure_sensitivity": "cope_well"}], "tech_qg_181": [{"tech_costbenefit_est_long": "costbenefit_verypositive", "tech_costbenefit_est_short": "costbenefit_slightlypositive"}], "tech_qg_182": [{"tech_costbenefit_est_long": "costbenefit_verypositive", "tech_costbenefit_est_short": "costbenefit_positive"}], "tech_qg_184": [{"country": "country_BGD", "person_gender": "gender_male", "person_lastname": {"en": "Islam"}, "person_firstname": {"en": "Md. Mahbubul"}, "person_institution_name": {"en": "Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Center"}, "user_resourceperson_type": "resourceperson_slmspecialist"}, {"country": "country_BGD", "person_gender": "gender_male", "person_lastname": {"en": "Islam"}, "person_firstname": {"en": "Md. Shahinul"}, "person_institution_name": {"en": "Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Center"}, "user_resourceperson_type": "resourceperson_slmspecialist"}], "tech_qg_185": [{"tech_drawing": "3527db74-f4e0-46a4-be7f-9c9ba94373ad", "tech_drawing_author": {"en": "Nazrin Sultana"}, "tech_specifications": {"en": "Slope: 15-45% \r\nNVS width: 1 meter. Along the natural contours of the slope\r\nCropping bed: 4 meter"}}], "tech_qg_191": [{"tech_adoption_comments": {"en": "The Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Center, Bandarban applied the technology for research purposes and found that the practice reduces up to 90% soil erosion in slope cultivation. The department of agricultural extension now planning to start piloting the practice in hill areas."}, "tech_adoption_percentage": "adoption_percentage_singlecases", "tech_adoption_spontaneously": "tech_adoption_spont_0_10"}], "tech_qg_193": [{"tech_exposure_sensitivity": "cope_well"}], "tech_qg_202": [{"tech_exposure_sensitivity": "cope_moderately"}], "tech_qg_204": [{"tech_exposure_sensitivity": "cope_moderately"}], "tech_qg_211": [{"tech_exposure_sensitivity": "cope_moderately"}], "tech_qg_217": [{"tech_cost_calculation_base": "tech_input_calc_per_area"}], "tech_qg_218": [{"tech_input_est_unit": {"en": "kg"}, "tech_input_est_costs": 16.0, "tech_input_est_specify": {"en": "Urea"}, "tech_input_est_quantity": 450.0, "tech_input_est_total_costs_pi": 7200.0, "tech_input_est_percentage_costs": 100.0}, {"tech_input_est_unit": {"en": "kg"}, "tech_input_est_costs": 22.0, "tech_input_est_specify": {"en": "TSP"}, "tech_input_est_quantity": 150.0, "tech_input_est_total_costs_pi": 3300.0, "tech_input_est_percentage_costs": 100.0}, {"tech_input_est_unit": {"en": "kg"}, "tech_input_est_costs": 15.0, "tech_input_est_specify": {"en": "MoP"}, "tech_input_est_quantity": 200.0, "tech_input_est_total_costs_pi": 3000.0, "tech_input_est_percentage_costs": 100.0}, {"tech_input_est_unit": {"en": "lump sum"}, "tech_input_est_costs": 5000.0, "tech_input_est_specify": {"en": "Cow dung"}, "tech_input_est_quantity": 1.0, "tech_input_est_total_costs_pi": 5000.0, "tech_input_est_percentage_costs": 100.0}, {"tech_input_est_unit": {"en": "lump sum"}, "tech_input_est_costs": 2000.0, "tech_input_est_specify": {"en": "pesticides"}, "tech_input_est_quantity": 1.0, "tech_input_est_total_costs_pi": 2000.0, "tech_input_est_percentage_costs": 100.0}], "tech_qg_222": [{"tech_input_est_total_costs": 55700.0}], "tech_qg_223": [{"tech_input_maint_total_costs": 3000.0}], "tech_qg_226": [{"tech_access_roads": 2, "tech_access_water": 1, "tech_access_energy": 1, "tech_access_health": 2, "tech_access_markets": 1, "tech_access_education": 1, "tech_access_financial": 1, "tech_access_employment": 1, "tech_access_techassistance": 2}], "tech_qg_228": [{"tech_impacts_landslides": 6}], "tech_qg_230": [{"tech_adaptation_yes": 0}], "tech_qg_232": [{"tech_input_est_total_costs_usd": 663.1}], "tech_qg_233": [{"tech_input_maint_total_costs_usd": 35.71}], "tech_qg_234": [{"tech_location_protected": 0}], "tech_qg_235": [{"tech_lu_mixed": 0}], "tech_qg_237": [{"tech_initial_landuse_changed": "initial_landuse_changed_no"}], "tech_qg_249": [{"tech_lu_comments": {"en": "Shifting cultivation practiced in the slopes through slush and burn which triggered extreme soil erosion"}}], "tech_qg_250": [{"date_documentation": "02/09/2019"}], "tech_qg_253": [{"tech_general_comments": {"en": "The questionnaire addressed all the key aspects of the technology"}}], "qg_references": [{"references_title": {"en": "Annual report 2018-2019, SOIL CONSERVATION & WATERSHED MANAGEMENT CENTER (SCWMC), SOIL RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE (SRDI)"}, "references_source": {"en": "MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE, GOVERNMENT OF THE PEOPLE\u2019S REPUBLIC OF BANGLADESH"}}], "qg_location_map": [{"location_map": "{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"id\":1568018932171,\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Point\",\"coordinates\":[92.18761285608726,22.172932344857486]},\"properties\":null}]}"}], "qg_sources_field": [{"sources_specify": {"en": "Number of informants: 02"}}], "qg_funding_project": [{"funding_project": 1}], "qg_accept_conditions": [{"accept_conditions": 1}], "qg_strengths_compiler": [{"strengths_compiler": {"en": "The natural strips filter pests and also acts as a barrier to fire."}}, {"strengths_compiler": {"en": "The natural strips eventually formed terraces for crop cultivation."}}, {"strengths_compiler": {"en": "The practice improve water infiltration during heavy rains."}}], "qg_funding_institution": [{"funding_institution": 6171}, {"funding_institution": 8}], "qg_sources_compilation": [{"sources_specify": {"en": "Number of report: 01"}}], "qg_strengths_landusers": [{"strengths_landuser": {"en": "Natural Vegetative strips are easy to establish. They are incorporated during land preparation, and thus require minimal labor."}}, {"strengths_landuser": {"en": "They do not entail additional cost as there is no need for additional planting materials."}}, {"strengths_landuser": {"en": "The natural strip reduces top soil erosion and retain the soil fertility."}}], "qg_weaknesses_compiler": [{"weaknesses_compiler": {"en": "Steep slope requires more wide natural vegetative strips and reduces the production area"}, "weaknesses_overcome": {"en": "Eventually the NVS formed wide bench terrace and allow more space for cultivation"}}], "qg_weaknesses_landusers": [{"weaknesses_landuser": {"en": "The NVS reduces the available cropping area by about 10 to 15%."}, "weaknesses_overcome": {"en": "Non timber forest products like Broom grass can be planted in the natural strip to generate additional income to the farmers"}}, {"weaknesses_landuser": {"en": "Farmers regularly need to maintain the weeds of natural strip otherwise it may spread in the productive areas and reduces crop yield."}, "weaknesses_overcome": {"en": "If farmer-maintenance is good, no weed problems occur"}}], "qg_sources_interviews_experts": [{"sources_specify": {"en": "Number of informants: 03"}}]}>, 'map_url': '/en/wocat/technologies/view/technologies_5504/map/', 'template': 'raw'}