WOCAT Working Group members with land users

Participatory Watershed Development Approach (印度)

描述

Livelihood asset base development through participatory watershed developemnt keeping people at the center stage of development and promoting village level institutions.

Aims / objectives: Livelihoods improvement through asset building; Capacity building, Enabling environment, Village level institutions building, Natural resource management. Participatory tools are used to do situational analysis and planning. Self Help Groups and User Groups are promoted for taking up micro enterprise and land based activities respectively. Community mobilisation is done using local folk songs and dance.

Stages of implementation: The project is implemented within a five year period. First year is used as rapport building, institution building and preparation of micro plan. The external team plays the role of facilitators and capacity building of the primary stakeholders.

地点

地点: Village- Larki, Block- Komna, Dist.- Nuapada., 印度

选定地点的地理参考
  • 82.822, 20.173

启动日期: 2001

终止年份: 2010

方法的类型
Nuapada district
Structure of WORLP

方法目标和有利环境

该方法的主要目的/目标
The Approach focused mainly on SLM with other activities (Productivity enhancement; Income generating programme, Water and sanitation)

1. Livelihood improvement. 2. Poverty Reduction. 3. Increase households(HH) annual income. 4. Eco restoration

The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: Natural calamity ( drought) 2. Poverty 3. Illiteracy 4. Sustanability in agriculture production.5. Economic enhancement of the people.
推动实施本办法所应用技术的条件
阻碍实施本办法所应用技术的条件
  • 社会/文化/宗教规范和价值观: Education, personal conflict, lack of knowledge, skill Treatment through the SLM Approach: IEC material, Training,Hand holding support.
  • 财务资源和服务的可用性/可得性: Poor financial status of theof community. Treatment through the SLM Approach: Financial Assistance from the project with little contributioin from the beneficiaries
  • 机构设置: Ugs not functional as desired Treatment through the SLM Approach: strengthening of the Ugs
  • 法律框架（土地使用权、土地和水使用权）: No usufruct right/ownership on CPR land Treatment through the SLM Approach: Users right/ usufrut right to the UG The existing land ownership, land use rights / water rights hindered a little the approach implementation Fragmentated land ownership with low land holding dinder the implementation of the approach.
  • 了解SLM，获得技术支持: Unable to perceive real problem because of technical failures Treatment through the SLM Approach: Technical problem analysis with the community

相关利益相关者的参与和角色

该方法涉及的利益相关者及其职责
该方法涉及哪些利益相关者/执行机构？ 指定利益相关者 说明利益相关者的角色
SLM专家/农业顾问 Working land users were mainly men (Most men are engaged in landbased activities.) Women are not capacitated to putforth their views in community meeting. Women are not free enough to say something due to socio-cultural hindrance. Women are not empowered to participate along with the men in public meeting. As per the guideline Land Less(LL) and Very Poor (VP) are included in Watershed Development Committee(WDC) for decision making.
NGO
国家政府（规划者、决策者） Govt. agency
国际组织
当地土地使用者/当地社区参与该方法的不同阶段
无
被动
外部支持
互动
自我动员
启动/动机
public meetings; Lack of awareness about the SWC measures.
计划
Mainly: rapid/participatory rural appraisal; partly: interviews/questionnaires; Conceptual clarity regarding SWC & its benefits
实施
Mainly: casual labour; partly: responsibility for minor steps; Engaged as daily wage labourer. Extends cooperation in non-monetary activities
监测/评估
Mainly: public meetings; partly: interviews/questionnaires; 1. Evaluation of field work through measurement. 2. Transperancy on expenditure and programme.
Research
流程图

Structure of WORLP

有关SLM技术选择的决策

决策是由......做出的

  • 仅限土地使用者（自主）
  • 主要是土地使用者，由SLM专家提供支持
  • 所有相关参与者，作为参与式方法的一部分
  • 主要是SLM专家，咨询土地使用者之后
  • 仅限SLM专家
  • 政治家和领袖

决策是基于

  • 对充分记录的SLM知识进行评估（基于证据的决策）
  • 研究结果
  • 个人经验和意见（无记录）

技术支持、能力建设和知识管理

以下活动或服务是该方法的一部分
能力建设/培训
向以下利益相关者提供培训
  • 土地使用者
  • 现场工作人员/顾问
  • SWC specialists, teachers (2), extensionists/trainers (1), planners (3)
培训形式
  • 在职
  • 农民对农民
  • 示范区域
  • 公开会议
  • 课程
涵盖的主题

Class room as well as on farm training provided to land users.

咨询服务
已提供咨询服务
  • 在土地使用者的土地上
  • 在固定中心
Name of method used for advisory service: Participatoy extension methods and exposure to successful fields, demo plotsl; Key elements: Seeing is beleiving and learning by doing; 1) Mainly: Through change agents(Community Link Workers), Partly: government's existing extension system 2) Mainly: Through change agents(Community Link Workers), Partly: government's existing extension system; Extension staff: specifically hired project employees 3) Target groups for extension: land users; Activities: To expertise and replicate

Advisory service is inadequate to ensure the continuation of land conservation activities; Extensioin programme relating to production aspects of the technology is not adequate.
机构强化
机构已强化/建立
  • 否
  • 是，少许
  • 是，适度
  • 是，非常
在下述层面上
  • 本地
  • 区域
  • 国家
描述机构、角色和职责、成员等.
支持类型
  • 财务
  • 能力建设/培训
  • 设备
进一步细节
监测和评估
bio-physical aspects were regular monitored through observations technical aspects were regular monitored through measurements socio-cultural aspects were regular monitored through observations economic / production aspects were regular monitored through measurements area treated aspects were regular monitored through observations no. of land users involved aspects were regular monitored through measurements management of Approach aspects were regular monitored through observations There were few changes in the Approach as a result of monitoring and evaluation: Increased participation and ownership. User groups are strengthened. Viewsa of the Users respected and involved in decision making.
研究
研究涉及以下主题
  • 社会学
  • 经济/市场营销
  • 生态学
  • 技术
  • Participatory and action research

Participatory technology development through IDEI and action research with independent consultancy firms have been initiated. But relating to approach research study have not been initiated. This is infant stage.

Research was carried out on-farm

融资和外部物质支持

SLM组成部分的年度预算，以美元计算
  • < 2,000
  • 2,000-10,000
  • 10,000-100,000
  • 100,000-1,000,000
  • > 1,000,000
Precise annual budget: 不适用
Approach costs were met by the following donors: government (national - MoRD): 100.0%
已向土地使用者提供以下服务或激励
  • 为土地使用者提供财政/物质支援
  • 特定投入的补贴
  • 信用
  • 其它激励或手段
为土地使用者提供财政/物质支援
部分融资
充分融资
设备: 工具

Biocides

community infrastructure

土地使用者的劳动力为

影响分析和结论性陈述

方法的影响
否
是，很少
是，中等
是，支持力度很大
该方法是否帮助土地使用者实施和维护SLM技术？

The SWC measures are maintained by the land users. The utilisation of water resource through adoption of cropping systems. Multiple cropping adopted in stead of mono cropping.

该方法是否改善了阻碍SLM技术实施的土地使用权/用户权问题？

Community mobilisation & participatory planning reduces the problem to some extent.Group activities are initiated to strengthen community. The problem is likely to be overcome in the near future.

Did other land users / projects adopt the Approach?

Other watershed project have replicated the best pracitces adopted in this approach.

土地使用者实施SLM的主要动机
  • 不适用
方法活动的可持续性
土地使用者能否维持通过该方法实施的措施（无外部支持的情况下）？
  • 否
  • 是
  • 不确定

结论和吸取的教训

长处: 土地使用者的观点
  • Views and opinion of the beneficiaries are considered (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Regular follow- up.)
长处: 编制者或其他关键资源人员的观点
  • 1.Community Organisation (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Strengthen village level institutions)
  • 2. Participatory Approaches (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Institutionalise processes)
  • 3. Monitoring (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Strengthen community monitoring)
  • 4. Evaluation (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Evaluation by both internal and external agency)
  • 5. Ownership (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: User rights ensured, Community Fund Sustainably utilised)
弱点/缺点/风险: 土地使用者的观点如何克服
  • Coherence among group members How to make the groups self sustainable? This needs to be addressed by providing financial freedom, decision making opportunities,vision building through exposure to better groups
弱点/缺点/风险: 编制者或其他关键资源人员的观点如何克服
  • Facilitators attitude Capacity building programme for the facilitators

参考文献

编制者
  • Narendra Kumar Panigrahi
Editors
审查者
  • Fabian Ottiger
实施日期: Jan. 20, 2009
上次更新: July 18, 2017
资源人
WOCAT数据库中的完整描述
链接的SLM数据
文件编制者
机构 项目
This work is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareaAlike 4.0 International