Situation of the approach. The location of the technologies at the study area.

The programme of landscape revitalization and integrated river basin management in the Slovak republic for the year 2011 - retention measures in the Sobotište village. (斯洛伐克)

Program revitalizácie krajiny a integrovaného manažmentu povodí v Slovenskej republike pre rok 2011 - vodozádržné opatrenia v obci Sobotište. (Slovak language)

描述

This approach is devoted to the implementation of 'The Landscape Revitalisation Programme and integrated river basins management of the Slovak Republic' in the Sobotište village.

Aims / objectives: The objective of the first implementation project for 2011 was to create, activate and systematically implement a minimum of 6 million m³ of water retention elements in mountain and foothill areas of forest-agricultural landscape in Slovakia. A particular aim was to create and build landscape water retention systems, terrain elements, facilities and technical solutions in forest, agricultural and urban areas in selected village locations, with the abovementioned cyclical rainwater retention capacity, which will then be operated and
maintained. Another project objective was to force and socially support the creation of employment at community and regional level. The creation of water retention elements and the implementation of revitalisation measures required the creation of a minimum of 2,500 jobs of a seasonal and temporary nature in 2011, including extending existing specialist capacities. This whould also extend the work skills and knowledge necessary for revitalisation of the landscape.
833 municipalities showed interest to participate in this project/approach, while 200 municipalities met the criteria. The project created about 3,500 seasonal jobs in 2011, particularly in regions with high unemployment.

Methods: Criteria and their significance for including villages into the first implementation project are
as follows:
1. 45% - historic or regularly repeated occurrence of flash flooding,
2. 35 % - village is situated in a location with a high potential risk of flooding, in accordance
with modelled potential for the occurrence of flooding. A map of regional and local
potential for flooding in the area of Slovakia1
is at Appendix No. 1,
3. 10% - location of a village in the upper part of river basins, so the implemented measures
will positively decrease the risk of flooding for highest possible number of villages in the
given river basins,
4. 10% - the ratio of documented unemployment is taking into account so citizens of villages
with a high ratio of documented unemployment could contribute towards revitalisation
works.

The submitted methodology of the whole flood potential of Slovakia was prepared on the basis of the work of J. Minár and Co. (2005). The mentioned work focuses upon the
presentation of methodology and results for evaluating the flood creation potential within the whole of Slovakia. It also includes a general description of the modelling of hydrological
processes. The method presented in this work is a good alternative for fast, effective and relatively financially undemanding but still sufficiently reliable analysis of flood risks of
larger areas. The actual calculation of total potential for flooding took place in the technological environment of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in the following steps
with the stated data:

- calculation of the morphometric potential (incline, horizontal articulation of the
topography, slope length, speed of surface run-off),
- partial synthetic geological potential (infiltration and drainage properties of the soil,
retention properties of the land cover, breaking effect of land cover, size of river basin,
shape of river basin),
- overall potential of the land for the creation of flood situations (climatic and
hydrological characteristics and data).

Stages of implementation: Management of the first implementation project was carried out by the Executive Manager of the Programme of Landscape Revitalization and Integrated River Basin Management in SR in cooperation with the Government Representative for Local Government and for Integrated River Basin and Landscape Management and other interested departments of the Government Office SR.

地点

地点: Senica / Sobotište, Slovakia, 斯洛伐克

选定地点的地理参考
  • 17.4064, 48.73473

启动日期: 2011

终止年份: 2012

方法的类型
Situation of the approach. The location of the technologies at the study area.

方法目标和有利环境

该方法的主要目的/目标
The Approach focused mainly on SLM with other activities

The Sobotište of village was greatly affected in 2011 by floods from storm rainfall. Problems with floods, however, occur regularly, especially at the Teplica and the Sobotišský stream. Some problems have been recorded in farmland and meadows, in places of concentrated runoff during the storm rainfalls, long lasting rainfalls, and snow melting. Floods endanger villages and make severe damage. The goal of the approach is to eliminate damage to healt and properties.

Water retention measures are proposed in the territory of Sobotište, localities of Kubiny, Staré Hory, Javorec, Kaničkov Jarok and Padelky. It is expected that the proposed water retention measures will support the accumulation and infiltration of water into the soil and retard runoff from farmland, meadows, and pastures. With the proper function of measures the surface runoff in farmland will decrease and slow down, and community will not endanger as much as previously.

The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: In general, the main problems within the implementation of projects are mostly legislative regulations that hamper the SLM and the implementation of technologies. The big problem is protection zone of particular rivers connected to administrative and legislative laws and regulations. Some difficulties detected were the execution of permissions for the implementations of methods and technologies that would help to achieve the sustainable land management.
Second problem is land consolidation. The process of the land consolidation is too long to be achieved and accomplished in time. Especially if the public call of the application submission for subsidies needs the consolidation of land to be already solved.
Third, the measures cannot be more expensive than the protected object.
Four, there is lack of money for the purchasing the land in municipalities.
Five, there is very poor law enforcement and recovery of law and claims.
推动实施本办法所应用技术的条件
阻碍实施本办法所应用技术的条件
  • 财务资源和服务的可用性/可得性: Treatment through the SLM Approach:
  • 法律框架(土地使用权、土地和水使用权): ownership of the land Treatment through the SLM Approach:

相关利益相关者的参与和角色

该方法涉及的利益相关者及其职责
该方法涉及哪些利益相关者/执行机构? 指定利益相关者 说明利益相关者的角色
当地土地使用者/当地社区 The approach involved socially and economically disadvantaged ethnicities
SLM专家/农业顾问
国家政府(规划者、决策者)
当地土地使用者/当地社区参与该方法的不同阶段
被动
外部支持
互动
自我动员
启动/动机
Government
计划
Government, SLM specialist
实施
Municipalities, land users
监测/评估
Municipalities, land users
Research
流程图

有关SLM技术选择的决策

决策是由......做出的

  • 仅限土地使用者(自主)
  • 主要是土地使用者,由SLM专家提供支持
  • 所有相关参与者,作为参与式方法的一部分
  • 主要是SLM专家,咨询土地使用者之后
  • 仅限SLM专家
  • 政治家和领袖

决策是基于

  • 对充分记录的SLM知识进行评估(基于证据的决策)
  • 研究结果
  • 个人经验和意见(无记录)

技术支持、能力建设和知识管理

以下活动或服务是该方法的一部分
研究
研究涉及以下主题
  • 社会学
  • 经济/市场营销
  • 生态学
  • 技术

Research was carried out on-farm

融资和外部物质支持

SLM组成部分的年度预算,以美元计算
  • < 2,000
  • 2,000-10,000
  • 10,000-100,000
  • 100,000-1,000,000
  • > 1,000,000
Precise annual budget: 不适用
Approach costs were met by the following donors: government: 100.0%
已向土地使用者提供以下服务或激励
  • 为土地使用者提供财政/物质支援
  • 特定投入的补贴
  • 信用
  • 其它激励或手段
为土地使用者提供财政/物质支援
Government funds and subsidies
部分融资
充分融资
设备: 机械

设备: 机械: 工具

农业: 种子

农业: 种子: 化肥

建筑: 石料

建筑: 石料: 木材

土地使用者的劳动力为

影响分析和结论性陈述

方法的影响
土地使用者实施SLM的主要动机
  • 不适用
方法活动的可持续性
土地使用者能否维持通过该方法实施的措施(无外部支持的情况下)?
  • 不确定

结论和吸取的教训

长处: 土地使用者的观点
长处: 编制者或其他关键资源人员的观点
弱点/缺点/风险: 土地使用者的观点如何克服
弱点/缺点/风险: 编制者或其他关键资源人员的观点如何克服

参考文献

编制者
  • Zuzana Studvova
Editors
审查者
  • David Streiff
实施日期: April 23, 2015
上次更新: Aug. 2, 2017
资源人
WOCAT数据库中的完整描述
链接的SLM数据
文件编制者
机构 项目
This work is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareaAlike 4.0 International