Construction of Staggered Contour Trenches by local communities (Agha Khan Foundation (AKF))

Community-based Natural Resource Management (阿富汗)

Tanzeem Manabae Tabiee Tawasut Mardum (Dari)

描述

An approach to community participation in the sustainable management of natural resources

The main objective of the intervention was to reduce the surface run-off and sediment flow from the selected degraded watershed, with soil and water conservation measures through community participation.

Agha Khan Foundation and representatives from the selected Community Development Councils (CDC) surveyed the area and discussed the main land use problems. On the basis of feasibility surveys, potential SLM technologies were identified and implemented. Contour lines were prepared with the help of an A-frame and lime. Several men from Zai Mahmood village were employed as daily wage workers for the technology implementation works. The land users used their own tools for trench excavation. Each worker excavated on an average one trench per day. The daily wage was 250 AFS/USD.

The project was executed over two years. In addition to the structural measures, training and exposure visits for watershed management committee and pasture committee members, reseeding of more areas, tree plantation campaigns and group-based women vegetable farming were realized. Women were employed for seed collection work with cash for work approach. The area was protected from grazing and shrub cutting pressure. Seeds of different fodder varieties and shrubs were also cultivated.

Since the realization of the project in 2008, soil and vegetation cover has improved, people’s knowledge about soil and water conservation has increased, flash floods have been controlled and discharge in the spring located below the watershed has increased by about 40%. AKF continues to support the target communities with community development and institution building. The water-shed work is sustained by a watershed and pasture management committee appointed by the people from three respective CDCs.

The Community-Based Natural Resource Management approach is documented by Sustainable Land Management Project implemented/HELVETAS Swiss Intercooperation which is funded by Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation with close support and cooperation of the Agha Khan Foundation (AKF).
The watershed project was funded by AusAID. The Aga Khan Foundation (AKF) facilitated the implementation by the community. The project was implemented in Zai Mahmood mountain slope area in Zai Mahmood village, Shiber district, Bamyan Province. The village, located downstream from the site, experienced problems such as excessive surface runoff/flash floods, snow avalanches, soil erosion, lack of drinking water, lack of soil moisture at the site.

地点

地点: Bamyan center, Afghanistan, Zai Mahmood village, 阿富汗

选定地点的地理参考
  • 67.8196, 34.80814

启动日期: 2008

终止年份: 不适用

方法的类型
Evaluation of the approach by WOCAT training participants with the help of land users (Madhav Dhakal)

方法目标和有利环境

该方法的主要目的/目标
The Approach focused mainly on SLM with other activities (Disaster Risk Reduction, Pasture Improvement, Gender Equity, Income Generation)

Strengthen the capacity (organizational and technical), of the community to: restore their degraded lands, demonstrate multi-purpose soil and water conservation measures, reduce floods and snow avalanches, improve pastures, improve gender equity and the involvement of social disadvantaged groups, employment and income generation

The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: Lack of knowledge in terms of sustainable watershed management; poverty; drought; floods and avalanches
推动实施本办法所应用技术的条件
阻碍实施本办法所应用技术的条件
  • 社会/文化/宗教规范和价值观: Community-based management capacity was weak Treatment through the SLM Approach: CDCs capacities were enhanced
  • 财务资源和服务的可用性/可得性: Community’s low economy Treatment through the SLM Approach: AKF provided financial support; also there were contributions from the participating community
  • 机构设置: Lack of organizational structures Treatment through the SLM Approach: Watershed and pasture management committees formed
  • 了解SLM,获得技术支持: Lack of technical awareness Treatment through the SLM Approach: AKF provided technical support

相关利益相关者的参与和角色

该方法涉及的利益相关者及其职责
该方法涉及哪些利益相关者/执行机构? 指定利益相关者 说明利益相关者的角色
当地土地使用者/当地社区
社区组织
当地土地使用者/当地社区参与该方法的不同阶段
被动
外部支持
互动
自我动员
启动/动机
x
Meetings and Workshops for men and women
计划
x
With CDC members, mainly men for watershed works
实施
x
Interactive, Cash for work, Contributions from communities as well
监测/评估
x
Ad hoc observations
Research
x
Analyzing technology performance and making adjustments if required
流程图

The organization structure of the NRM project implemented in Zai Mahmood village, Shiber district, Bamyan, Afganistan

作者:Agha Khan Foundation (AKF)
有关SLM技术选择的决策

决策是由......做出的

  • 仅限土地使用者(自主)
  • 主要是土地使用者,由SLM专家提供支持
  • 所有相关参与者,作为参与式方法的一部分
  • 主要是SLM专家,咨询土地使用者之后
  • 仅限SLM专家
  • 政治家和领袖

决策是基于

  • 对充分记录的SLM知识进行评估(基于证据的决策)
  • 研究结果
  • 个人经验和意见(无记录)

技术支持、能力建设和知识管理

以下活动或服务是该方法的一部分
能力建设/培训
向以下利益相关者提供培训
  • 土地使用者
  • 现场工作人员/顾问
培训形式
  • 在职
  • 农民对农民
  • 示范区域
  • 公开会议
  • 课程
涵盖的主题

Vegetable farming for women; soil and water conservation; watershed management; pasture management. Training was mainly on-the-job, and awareness was raised through public meetings, site visits and demonstrations.

咨询服务
已提供咨询服务
  • 在土地使用者的土地上
  • 在固定中心
On-site visits by DAIL (Department of Agriculture, Irrigation and Livestock; Key elements: Pasture management, Site selection

Advisory service is quite adequate to ensure the continuation of land conservation activities; The government or other advisory service is quite adequate to ensure the continuation of land conservation activities although the staff turnover rate in government sector is high. DAIL Bamyan office has the technical capacity but not adequate financial resources.
机构强化
机构已强化/建立
  • 是,少许
  • 是,适度
  • 是,非常
在下述层面上
  • 本地
  • 区域
  • 国家
描述机构、角色和职责、成员等.
支持类型
  • 财务
  • 能力建设/培训
  • 设备
进一步细节
CDCs and District Development Assembly (DDA) in terms of financial and capacity building of participating
监测和评估
bio-physical aspects were regular monitored by project staff, land users through measurements; indicators: Biomass before and after technical aspects were ad hoc monitored by project staff, land users through observations; indicators: growth of saplings, shrubs and fodder grasses (alfalfa) socio-cultural aspects were ad hoc monitored by project staff, land users through measurements; indicators: Water availablity, food security, income economic / production aspects were regular monitored by project staff through measurements; indicators: fodder production, income area treated aspects were ad hoc monitored by project staff through measurements; indicators: areas where technology was applied no. of land users involved aspects were regular monitored by project staff, land users through measurements; indicators: CDCs and men and women involved management of Approach aspects were regular monitored by project staff, government, land users through observations; indicators: area protected or not There were few changes in the Approach as a result of monitoring and evaluation: Women has given some more chances for the participation but still there is long way to go. There were some technology refinements and adjustments in project management.
研究
研究涉及以下主题
  • 社会学
  • 经济/市场营销
  • 生态学
  • 技术

However there are no publications to verify that. Research was carried out on-farm

融资和外部物质支持

SLM组成部分的年度预算,以美元计算
  • < 2,000
  • 2,000-10,000
  • 10,000-100,000
  • 100,000-1,000,000
  • > 1,000,000
Precise annual budget: 不适用
Approach costs were met by the following donors: international: 50.0%; national non-government: 30.0%; local community / land user(s): 20.0%
已向土地使用者提供以下服务或激励
  • 为土地使用者提供财政/物质支援
  • 特定投入的补贴
  • 信用
  • 其它激励或手段

影响分析和结论性陈述

方法的影响
是,很少
是,中等
是,支持力度很大
该方法是否帮助土地使用者实施和维护SLM技术?

Increased water and soil quality with more vegetation and reduction in floods

x
该方法是否有助于社会和经济弱势群体?

Through increased decision-making powers about natural resources by poor and marginalized members of the community.

x
Did other land users / projects adopt the Approach?

There is no spontaneous adoption.

x
土地使用者实施SLM的主要动机
方法活动的可持续性
土地使用者能否维持通过该方法实施的措施(无外部支持的情况下)?

结论和吸取的教训

长处: 土地使用者的观点
长处: 编制者或其他关键资源人员的观点
  • Increase in vegetation cover
  • People knowledge regarding SWC improved
  • Increase in spring water
  • Flash flood controlled
  • Watershed and pasture management committees formed
弱点/缺点/风险: 土地使用者的观点如何克服
弱点/缺点/风险: 编制者或其他关键资源人员的观点如何克服
  • Disturbance in NRM / soil disturbance


    Minimize the soil disturbance, and compact the excavated soil
  • Increase in mice Compact the excavated soil, other control measures
  • Plant growth is slow due to high elevation Choose adaptable species
  • No watershed benefit sharing mechanism in place Benefit mechanism be developed in a participatory way and agreed by the land users and other stakeholders

参考文献

编制者
  • Aqila Haidery
Editors
审查者
  • Deborah Niggli
  • Joana Eichenberger
实施日期: Feb. 9, 2016
上次更新: April 18, 2019
资源人
WOCAT数据库中的完整描述
链接的SLM数据
文件编制者
机构 项目
This work is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareaAlike 4.0 International