联合国防治荒漠化公约

"Ngitiri" an Indigenous Silvopastoral System. [坦桑尼亚联合共和国]

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报告主体: United Republic of Tanzania

澄清模板中描述的技术或其一部分是否包含在产权范围内。:

完整性: 69%

一般信息

一般信息

最佳实践的标题:

"Ngitiri" an Indigenous Silvopastoral System.

国家:

坦桑尼亚联合共和国

报告主体:

United Republic of Tanzania

产权

澄清模板中描述的技术或其一部分是否包含在产权范围内。:

分类

指定地点的主要土地用途

  • 农田
  • 牧场
  • 林地
  • 不毛之地
  • 人类聚居地

对荒漠化、土地退化和干旱(DLDD)措施的贡献

  • 防止
  • 缓解
  • 适应
  • 恢复

规范

第1节 最佳实践的背景:框架条件(自然和人类环境)

最佳实践的简短描述

Ngitiri or enclosure is an indigenous silvopastoral system practised by Sukuma people in Shinyanga region. It involves the conservation of grazing lands supplemented by tree planting; protects the soil, reclaims degraded lands and provides fodder and other woody, non-woody products to communities.|

地点

Shinyanga region.

如果该位置有明确的边界,请以公顷为单位说明其延伸范围。:

5.0

居住在该地区的估计人口:

2800000.0

指定地点内的自然环境简介。

The Eastern part of the region is dominated by heavy black clay soils with areas of red loam and sandy soil. Most of the Shinyanga region is dry flat lowland thus its agro- economic zones are not well pronounced as it is with some regions in the country.
The topography of Shinyanga region is characterized by flat, gently undulating plains covered with low sparse vegetation. The North- Western and North- Eastern parts of the region are covered by natural forests which are mainly miombo woodland. |
Shinyanga region has a tropical type of climate with clearly distinguished rainy and dry seasons. Average temperature for the region is about 280 C. The region experience rainfall of 600mm as minimum and 900 mm as maximum per year. The region has two seasons a year.

居住在该地点及/或附近居民的普遍社会经济状况

The population is devided into low to medium Income levels.
Agriculture; Livestock keeping; Petty trade; and Artisanal Mining  
Customary and Lease land rights;
Communal land use rights.

根据哪些标准和/或指标(与战略无关),在确定建议的实践和相应的技术是否被认为是“最佳”时,应该基于哪些标准和/或指标(与战略无关)?

i. It has demonstrated effectiveness in reclaiming degraded lands;
ii. It supplies forage/fodder during dry season;
iii. It is used as a source of woodfuels, plant medicines;
iv. It is used as a source of income by selling forage/fodder and fuelwood; and
v. It improves the micro-climate conditions.|

第2节 解决的问题(直接和间接原因)和最佳实践的目标

最佳实践解决的主要问题

i. Shortage of fodder/forage;
ii. shortage of fuelwood;
iii. Low Income and
iv. Land degradation.

概述最佳实践解决的具体土地退化问题

i. Soil erosion;
ii. Deforestation;
iii. Overgrazing;
iv. Water runoff;
v. Soil infertility and
vi. Adverse micro-climate conditions.

具体说明最佳实践的目标

i. Restoration of degraded lands
ii. Increased supply of fodder/forage
iii. Improved household fuel supply
iv. Improved income levels.

第3节 活动

按目标对主要活动进行简要的描述

Improved Income levels.
Selling of fodder/forage and fuelwood.
Increased Supply of fodder/forage.
Restricting grazing of the Ngitiri during the rain season.|Using the Ngitiri during the dry season only.
Restoration of degraded lands:-
Identification of degraded lands, suitable for Ngitiri project.
|Restricting the use of identified area|Planting of multipurpose trees.
Improved household fuel supply.
Controlled harvesting of multipurpose and regeneration trees.

本技术的简要说明和技术规范

NA
NA.

分析

第5节 对影响的贡献

描述现场影响(按类别划分的两类主要影响)

The selling of woody and non-woody products from Ngitiri leads to improved income levels. In addition the availability of fuelwood in Ngitiri areas contribute to the saving on time used for fuelwood collection.
The restriction on use of Ngitiri and planting of trees leads to the regeneration of natural vegetation that leades to improved biodiversity and supply of woody and non-woody products
Regeneration of vegetation in Ngitiri areas leads to improved vegetation cover which in turn restores degraded lands. As a result of this, soil erosion is reduced and micro climate improved.|

描述两个主要的场外影响(即不是发生在现场,而是发生在周围区域)

The improved vegetation cover in Ngitiri can lead to reduced sedimentation of water bodies found in the area due to reduced soil erosion.

对生物多样性和气候变化的影响

解释原因:

it impacts on biodiversity due to the regeneration of vegetation cover. The regenerated vegetation cover and planted trees improves the biodiversity of the area.
Increase in carbon stock due to tree planting and regeneration of vegetation which restores both above and ground carbon.

是否进行了成本效益分析?

是否进行了成本效益分析?:

具体说明:

At a 10% discount rate, CBA shows a +ve PV. A multiplier effect generated through improvement of security for social services and of Sustainable Land Use Management was observed. The total monthly value of benefits per person is est. at USD 14, surpasing the national av. rate of USD 8.5. |

第6节 采用和可复制性

该技术是否传播/引进到其他地方?

该技术是否传播/引进到其他地方?:

您能否确定目前最佳实践/技术成功的三个主要条件?

Higly motivated households.
Shinyanga region has a serious shortage of grazing areas during dry season. Ngitiri system was developed by the local communities on their own in order to increase fodder/forage during the dry season. This factor did contribute significantly to the success of the system.

可复制性

在您看来,您所提出的最佳实践/技术可以复制到其他地方,尽管有一定程度的适应?:

适应程度如何?:
  • 地方
  • 次国家

第7节 吸取的教训

人力资源相关

Ngitiri has shown that when individuals are determined and committed, they can solve their own problems using local solutions.  |

与财务方面有关

Not every Land degradation problem requires high input of financial resources to overcome it.

与技术方面有关

TK has a a potential to contribute in solving DLDD related problems.

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