联合国防治荒漠化公约

Restoration of degraded lands using sustainable agriculture/ land and soil conservation practices [斯里兰卡]

报告主体: Sri Lanka

澄清模板中描述的技术或其一部分是否包含在产权范围内。:

完整性: 77%

一般信息

一般信息

最佳实践的标题:

Restoration of degraded lands using sustainable agriculture/ land and soil conservation practices

国家:

斯里兰卡

报告主体:

Sri Lanka

产权

澄清模板中描述的技术或其一部分是否包含在产权范围内。:

规范

第1节 最佳实践的背景:框架条件(自然和人类环境)

最佳实践的简短描述

The sixty farmers who had low educational level, limited infrastructure facilities and alternative employment oppertunities and who used to expolit land for economic gains had been converted to use sustainable agricultural practices using soil conservation measures.|

地点

Badulla District in the Uva Province in Sri Lanka

指定地点内的自然环境简介。

Climatic condition variation  between twelve degrees centrigate to thirty two degrees centrigate
Red Yellow Podzolic
The area is 4000ft above sealevel. the area is located in a rugged, steap terrain and the area is in a watershed area|

居住在该地点及/或附近居民的普遍社会经济状况

Main income from potatoes and vegetables
These farmers are  encroaches of state land. In 2007 all encroaches living in this watershed area had been relocated but 25 families have returned to the same area.  Virtually these people do not have owenership  over the land and owned by state.
All in project area are farmers who grow potatoes and vegetables (seasonal cultivations)in degraded lands earning very low income.

根据哪些标准和/或指标(与战略无关),在确定建议的实践和相应的技术是否被认为是“最佳”时,应该基于哪些标准和/或指标(与战略无关)?

The proposed practices is "best" due to,
1). The project has worked as a "change agent" converting those farmers used in
   erosive agriculture, to use  environment friendly agricultural practices
2). The practice has opened new avenues for the farmers like using compost and
   thereby reducing costs, herb cultivations added to theri food and increased
   nutritionalvalue,
3). The herbs sold to tourist hotels earning substantial income,
4). Unity among the farmers developed having community leaders appointed,
5). The project can be considered as a "developed model" for small farmer   
   communities.

第2节 解决的问题(直接和间接原因)和最佳实践的目标

最佳实践解决的主要问题

Main problem addressed;
1). Avoided further degradation of land
2). Avoided use of agro chemicals
3). Avoided silting of downstream reservoirs
4). Added income to their hands

概述最佳实践解决的具体土地退化问题

1). Soil erosion issue
2). Further degradation due to erosive agriculture
3). Siltation of downstream reservoirs due to sediment loads due to runoff

具体说明最佳实践的目标

The objective was to mitigate soil erosion in the rugged steep terrain and restore the ecosystems

第3节 活动

按目标对主要活动进行简要的描述

Establishment of mecahnical and biological soil conservation methods
Awareness creation
Introduce of agro-forestry and mixed cropping|Introduce organic fertilizer|Introduce herbal cultivation
Demarcation of reservation lands

本技术的简要说明和技术规范

Short description of technology:
Use of mechanical and biological soil conservation methods and use of suitable crop varities as per sustainable agricultural technologies were the main technological  interventions.
Technical specifications:
Establishment of stone bunds and live hedges are done as per the accepted technical prameters

第4节 涉及的机构/参与者(协作、参与、利益相关者的作用)

技术开发机构的名称和地址

Coordinator, Global Environment Facility/ Small Grant Programme|202-204, Bauddhaloka Mawatha
Colombo 07
Sri Lanka

这项技术是合作开发的吗?

列出合作伙伴:

Farmers, Agriculture Extension Workers|

具体说明该技术推广的框架

  • 地方自主性

当地利益相关者(包括CSO)的参与是否促进了技术的开发?

列出涉及的当地利益相关者:

Farmers of the locality

对于上面列出的利益相关者,说明他们在该技术的设计、引入、使用和维护(如果有的话)中的角色。

The farmers used their indigeneous knowledge in enriching the initiatives and  they were the implementors of the technology.

居住在该地区和/或附近的居民是否参与了该技术的开发?

通过什么手段?:
  • 参与途径

分析

第5节 对影响的贡献

描述现场影响(按类别划分的两类主要影响)

Reduce sediment runoff will avoid siltation of downstream reservoirs and  river banks, reduce desiltation costs and increase water retention capacity |
The agricultural production specially due to organic farming will generate high income for farmers. It will uplift their standard of living.
The restoration activities will reestablish the prevaild ecosystem and this really ecosystems will provide ecosystem services.
The soil conservation measures will control runoff and  downstream areaswill not affected due to inundation and  sediment yields will be low.
The ecosystem will be re-established and will ensure continous supply of ecosystem services

描述两个主要的场外影响(即不是发生在现场,而是发生在周围区域)

Downstream dwellers will receive quality sediment free  water for drinking purposes
Occurance of floods will be reduced in the downstream since the stream flow is regulated due to terraces, bunds, live hedges and liter deposits.|
Sediment loads to nearby reservoirs  due to run off will be reduced.

对生物多样性和气候变化的影响

解释原因:

Sri Lanka is endowed with high biodiversity. specially up country region experiences high endemism. Once the ecosystem is reestablished it will provide shelter for wild fauna and flora. The endemacity in this area exceeds 50% in many plant and animal taxonomic groups.
In the faunal groups endemicity among the amphibian spp.is high as 83% and great many of them are restricted to  mountaneous region. Due to land fragmentation and clerance virgin forest for cultivations,  the endemic species of fauna and floraare  under severe threat of extinction. the restored land area will therefore,  support for the existances of  endemic faunal and floral species. |

是否进行了成本效益分析?

是否进行了成本效益分析?:

第6节 采用和可复制性

该技术是否传播/引进到其他地方?

该技术是否传播/引进到其他地方?:

传播/引进到哪里?:

In other areas of the hill country

您能否确定目前最佳实践/技术成功的三个主要条件?

Intorduce of appropriate technology had the project to success. The approach was farmer friendly.
The real owners of the project were farmers and they were the implementors. The ownership of the project was vested with he farmers and it led to success of the projects.
Awareness creation was successful and it was able to change mindsets of people.

可复制性

在您看来,您所提出的最佳实践/技术可以复制到其他地方,尽管有一定程度的适应?:

适应程度如何?:
  • 次国家

第7节 吸取的教训

人力资源相关

Effects have been made to use the stakeholder participation effectively. It has led to success of this project. The approach had been farmer friendly and 20 community leaders have been chosen to monitor activities.

与技术方面有关

The technical aspects relating to soil conservation measures and agricultural practices have been selected to suit the need of people and the environment. The selection of appropriate technology therefore has led the project to success. The herb varieties were grown up that serve the tourism industry generating sufficient income for the farmers.

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