最佳实践的简短描述

Water harvesting in nallah through series of gabion and check dams ensured availability of surface water till December and perched water in shallow dug wells throughout the year. Water availability led to regular cultivation of crops, increased fodder availability and brought prosperity to the farmers. Regular awakening of farmer to ever changing climatic conditions and regularity in income from permanent tree cover prompted farmers to grow fruit trees in site fields and teak bamboo, Kumat on field bunds.|

地点

Garhkundar-Dabar Watershed in tehsil Niwari, Distt. Tikamgarh (MP) in Central India in semi-arid tropics |

指定地点内的自然环境简介。

Undulating with multidirectional complex slopes.  Average slope in crop lands (1-5%), hillocks steep, community lands with 3-7% slope.  Nallahtraverse across the watershed.|
Shallow gravelly and soil with rocky  hillocks sand witched
Semi-arid sub-tropical  wise 750-1150 mm rainfall

居住在该地点及/或附近居民的普遍社会经济状况

Farming, Farming + Dairying and agricultural laborers are major occupation for income |
Mixed farming community dominated by OBC, SC & ST (90%) with small and marginal holdings size.  Mostly poor people with less than ` 20,000/- per annum income.|
Mostly privately owned land either through purchase or patta from Panchayat.

根据哪些标准和/或指标（与战略无关），在确定建议的实践和相应的技术是否被认为是“最佳”时，应该基于哪些标准和/或指标（与战略无关）？

This was only technology which could enhance adoption of agroforestry (tree plantation on crop lands) otherwise knowing well the benefits of agroforestry, farmers do not readily adopt. |

最佳实践解决的主要问题

Agriculture productivity|Drinking water|Poverty

概述最佳实践解决的具体土地退化问题

Soil erosion in semi-arid tropics which lead to low production on account of low fertility and water holding capacity.Poor ground—water availability limits crop production and drinking water supply.

具体说明最佳实践的目标

Increase water availability for drinking and crop production.|Increase permanent vegetal cover. |Increase and stabilize productivity and profitability from farming.

按目标对主要活动进行简要的描述

Reducing run off and soil loss through gabions, check dams, khadins and field boundary. |
Demonstration of improved package of practices of crop production under agroforestry system and maintaining changes in crop production, income of farmers.|
Plantation in side field or in field boundary under agroforestry systems.

本技术的简要说明和技术规范

Depending upon catchment landuse slopes, gabions of 3x1x1 m size were used in first and 2nd order stream.  Check dams were constructed in 3rd& 4th order streams.  The size of structure varied as per area, landuse and slope.  Marginal bunding was done along nallah to check silt inflow.  Khadins were used to check nallah encroachment into agricultural land.  Fruit plants were planted in side field while timber trees on field bunds.   |

技术开发机构的名称和地址

National Research Centre for Agroforestry|Jhansi-Gwalior Road
Near Pahuj Dam
Jhansi-284003 (Uttar Pradesh)

这项技术是合作开发的吗?

否

当地利益相关者（包括CSO）的参与是否促进了技术的开发？

是

列出涉及的当地利益相关者:

W/s dwellers were involved through constitution of W/s association in planning and execution of work. The idea was to inculcate belongingness into dwellers mindset for created asset.

对于上面列出的利益相关者，说明他们在该技术的设计、引入、使用和维护（如果有的话）中的角色。

Stakeholders (watershed association and common dwellers) were consulted before finalizing site of check dam, crop demonstration, plantation etc. They were involved in construction, planting activity etc. Awakening was done through continuous personal contact, Kisanmela etc. |

描述现场影响（按类别划分的两类主要影响）

Due to water availability, greenery increased, crop fields are bunded and leveled to large extent. Field bunds are well sodded. |
Productivity increased by 20-60% across the crops and cropping intensity from 69-161%. Area under crops (rabi)
Increased by 3 times and kharif by 4 times.
Self-help Group of women accrued assets & case work ` 75000/- within 4 years and become self-reliant.
Socio economic level increased as visible from addition of 61 pucca room construction, 30 diesel pumps, 3 tractors, 1 motor cycle. School going children particularly girl child increased. Migration greatly reduced.|

描述两个主要的场外影响（即不是发生在现场，而是发生在周围区域）

Surrounding farmers are awakened and demanding from their leadership for similar project Ber top working has been adopted by outside w/s dwellers. For the purpose they hired skilled man power from project area on payment.  

对生物多样性和气候变化的影响

解释原因:

Biodiversity of crops during rabi (main cropping season) has reduced while that in summer crops has increased. Diversity of permanent vegetation has also increased. The area is more climate resilient due to water management and plantation activity.

是否进行了成本效益分析？

是否进行了成本效益分析？:

是

该技术是否传播/引进到其他地方？

该技术是否传播/引进到其他地方？:

是

您能否确定目前最佳实践/技术成功的三个主要条件？

Transparency in implementation knowledge of work sphere consistent motivation of dwellers.

可复制性

在您看来，您所提出的最佳实践/技术可以复制到其他地方，尽管有一定程度的适应？:

是

适应程度如何？:

• 地方

人力资源相关

Capacity building resulted in quality work.
|Institution building benefitted common man including women & marginalized group.

与技术方面有关

Technical expertise available in the country.|Technology needs to be constantly upgraded.|Technological flexibility as per site conditions is required.