1.2 参与方法评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对方法进行记录/评估的项目名称（如相关）

DESIRE (EU-DES!RE)

有助于对方法进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

Institut de recherche pour le développement IRD (Institut de recherche pour le développement IRD) - 法国

有助于对方法进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias y Forestales (IIAF) - 墨西哥

有助于对方法进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

SECRETARÍA DE MEDIO AMBIENTE Y RECURSOS NATURALES (SECRETARÍA DE MEDIO AMBIENTE Y RECURSOS NATURALES) - 墨西哥

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

1.4 SLM技术问卷的参考

2.1 该方法的简要说明

Land reclamation with local agave (to produce mezcal) associated wotj trees, shrubs and grasses planted through participative actions for economic benefit.

2.2 该方法的详细说明

该方法的详细说明:

Aims / objectives: Rehabilitation of degraded land is achieved by using native agave and trees, shrubs and grasses which creates, over the medium-term (7-10 years), a sustainable production of an alcoholic drink and/or pharmaceutical products and/or fodder for cattle and/or wood. Further objectives are water conservation, biodiversity, generation of permanend employment, carbon sequestration, generation of higher family incomes and a reduction of the amount of livestock and number of animals and uncontrolled grazing. These positive impacts of the Approach contribute to preventing the rural population from emigrating to the cities or abroad.

Methods: Coordination, cooperation and systematic participatory process among stakeholders are the basis of the Approach. Promoting participatory process occurs through workshops, interviews with community leaders, field visits conducted with owners of the land to recognize the problems and identify areas of opportunity, training courses, exchange of experiences with other people who are developing similar projects at different stages. Technical advice and the links with scientists, technicians and public officials in charge of project beneficiaries is given under a two-way process of mutual learning and seeking to strengthen self-management capabilities that inspires innovation at the different stages. The key to success of a participatory Approach lies in liberating and developing community leadership and self-organization processes.

Stages of implementation: The project is part of a regional planning context and a basin scale approach of intervention. The watershed of the site project is included in a special programme of the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources of Mexico which gives the opportunity of developing and financing a medium- to long-term project. The participatory process is delivered from planning, organizing, programming and implementing to financing, training, monitoring and disseminating the results. The greenhouse and nursery management, the technical assessment for the improvement of the agave forestry system, guidance with quality production of mezcal and marketing support to diversity products and sell them in order to make the project financially self-sustaining and profitable. All these stages range from short- to medium- and long-term.

Role of stakeholders: The government finances the project through grant resources, promotes the participation of beneficiaries and monitors it, seeking the management of resources and intersectoral participation. Scientists and academics share their knowledge, techniques and methodologies for implementation, improvement, evaluation and monitoring of each stage, and they support capacity-building of the community. The owners of the land and the community implement and develio each of the activities from building and maintaining the greenhouse and nursery, planting agaves, trees and shrubs, to the use and production of mezcal and other commercial products.

2.3 该方法的照片

2.5 采用该方法的国家/地区/地点

2.6 该方法的开始和终止日期

2.7 方法的类型

• 基于项目/方案

2.8 该方法的主要目的/目标

The Approach focused mainly on SLM with other activities (Economical activity, Health, agriculture, wood, agaveforestry)

Rehabilitation of degraded land is done using native agave, trees, shrubs and grasses which creates over the medium-term (7-10 years) sustainable production of an alcoholic drink (mezcal) and/or pharmaceutical products and/or fodder for cattle and/or wood.

The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: Social and economic problems: Agriculture and livestock in the region are primarily for subsistence. The level of poverty and marginalization of the people of the project site is medium to high with low education levels. People need to migrate to the cities or outside the country to supplement the family budget. Prices of farmer productions are too low and do not allow economic survival. Therefore, only 10 to 20% of the total incomes are derived from agricultural products. This explains why the children of farmers do not wnat to become farmers and lands are less and less cultuvated. In correlation, as the livestock price is good and animals can be raised whth little input of time. Thus the number of animals is increasing and as they are grazing everywhere, they have a strong soil erosion impact.

2.9 推动或妨碍实施本办法所适用的技术的条件

3.1 该方法涉及的利益相关者及其职责

3.2 当地土地使用者/当地社区参与该方法的不同阶段

	当地土地使用者/当地社区的参与	指定参与人员并描述活动
启动/动机	自我动员	Balance alternatives and take decisions to test the agave forestry
计划	互动	Planning,organizing and programming the project, defining responsibilities, time and initial investment. Identification of agave seeds and a proper place to install the greenhouse and nursery.
实施	自我动员	Building and maintenance of greenhouse and nursery, selecting the sites for the plantation and planting. Training of land users by other land users to produce mezcal according to quality rules for a recognized product.
监测/评估	自我动员	In each field: monitoring plant growth, status of the protection against cattle grazing, indications of soil erosion.
Research	互动	Monitoring by some land users of some parameters defined by scientists.

3.3 流程图（如可用）

3.4 有关SLM技术选择的决策

是否就技术的选择做出了决定？:

• by SLM specialists and by land users

解释:

To answer the preoccupation of land degradation, poverty etc... by land users, the SLM specialits present alternatives which were analyzed, avaluated through field visit to actual producers, and then discussed and accepted by land users

Decisions on the method of implementing the SLM Technology were made by mainly by SLM specialists with consultation of land users. Proposals of SLM specialists based on experiences from other projects

4.1 能力建设/培训

是否为土地使用者/其他利益相关者提供培训？:

是

明确受训人员:

• 土地使用者
• 现场工作人员/顾问

如果相关，请说明性别、年龄、地位、种族等。:

none

培训形式:

• 在职
• 公开会议

涵盖的主题:

Training focused to explain which plant to select for seeds, how to create and maintain plants in greenhouses, how transplant them, and what is the strategy to plants them in the fields (border/production-trees/Agave...) Training for the alcohol production: management of the equipments, quality rules, tips, etc.. done by another mescal producer (small farmer) Training for annual herb

4.2 咨询服务

土地使用者有权使用咨询服务吗？:

是

指明是否提供了咨询服务:

• 在土地使用者的土地上

说明/注释:

Name of method used for advisory service: Plant (native Agave, trees and herbaceous) production advises; Key elements: Plant selection, Management of plants under greenhouse, Field plantation design; 4. Process of the mature plants (Production of certified mescal, medicinal herbs...)

Advisory service is very adequate to ensure the continuation of land conservation activities; The extension system is very adequate to ensure continuation of activities

4.3 机构强化（组织发展）

是否通过这种方法建立或加强了机构？:

• 是，非常

具体说明机构的强化或建立程度:

• 本地

具体说明支持类型:

• 财务
• 能力建设/培训
• 设备

提供进一步细节:

transport

4.4 监测和评估

监测和评估是该方法的一部分吗？:

是

注释:

area treated aspects were regular monitored by project staff, government, land users, other through observations

no. of land users involved aspects were regular monitored by project staff, government through observations

management of Approach aspects were regular monitored by project staff, government through observations

area treated aspects were regular monitored by project staff through measurements

economic / production aspects were regular monitored by project staff, government through measurements

economic / production aspects were regular monitored by project staff, government through observations

technical aspects were regular monitored by project staff, land users through observations

technical aspects were regular monitored by project staff through measurements

bio-physical aspects were regular monitored by project staff through measurements

bio-physical aspects were monitored by project staff, government through observations

There were few changes in the Approach as a result of monitoring and evaluation: Too early to answer

There were few changes in the Technology as a result of monitoring and evaluation: Too early to answer

4.5 研究

研究是该方法的一部分吗?

是

明确话题:

• 经济/市场营销
• 生态学
• 技术

提供进一步的细节，并指出是谁做的研究:

No information about condition of production of this agave species, especially to the sugar produce by the plant which will be used for alcohol production (better plant in the shadow or under direct sun? better old plants than young one? etc...). Effectiveness of soil control erosion system (density of Agave plantations on line of green walls...) have not been measured until now

Research was carried out on station

5.1 该方法中SLM组成部分的年度预算

如果不知道准确的年度预算，请给出一个范围:

• 2,000-10,000

注释（例如主要的资助来源/主要捐助者）:

Approach costs were met by the following donors: government: 80.0%; local government (district, county, municipality, village etc): 10.0%; local community / land user(s): 10.0%

5.2 为土地使用者提供财政/物质支援

土地使用者是否获得实施该技术的财政/物质支持？:

是

如果是，请具体说明支持的类型、条件和提供者:

Parts comes from UE research project (DESIRE) and main part comes from environmental taxes funds managed by SEMARNAT (Sec environment)

5.3 对特定投入的补贴（包括劳动力）

• 设备

• 农业

• 建筑

• 其它

如果土地使用者的劳动力是一项重要的投入，那么是不是:

• 以现金支付

注释:

'PET' programs=payement in cash of local farmers for doing environmental works designed and directed by the SEMARNAT

5.4 信用

是否根据SLM活动的方法给予信用值？:

否

6.1 方法的影响

6.2 土地使用者实施SLM的主要动机

6.3 方法活动的可持续性

土地使用者能否维持通过该方法实施的措施（无外部支持的情况下）？:

• 是

若是，请说明如何维持:

The first step need external funds, but then, when the production will start, the beneficts will cover all the costs of management and extension to cover more surface

6.4 该方法的长处/优点

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
Productive project which generates economic benefits over the medium-term (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: As a result of the money earned, it will be possible to extend the area concerned and subsides will not be necessary anymore.)
The project is done in a participative way where different kinds of stakeholders are involved: administrators, politicians, scientists and the public (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Maintenance of the interaction between stakeholders from the workshops, present results to other authorities and appropriate fora.)

6.5 该方法的弱点/缺点以及克服它们的方法

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
Selling alcoholic drink is not necessarily beneficial from a health and societal point of view	Maintenance of campaign to reduce consumption and develop a responsible attitude to alcohol.
Women particularly, are worried about the possibility of the increas in alcohol consumtion	Since alcoholic drink will be produced in a semi-industrial way for external market, it is not supposed to be consumed by the communities themselves.

7.2 参考可用出版物

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

DESIRE project Mexico partner (IRD 22)

可以从哪里获得?成本如何?

http://www.desire-project.eu/