HIMA Approach [约旦]
- 创建:
- 更新:
- 编制者: Daniel Danano Dale
- 编辑者: –
- 审查者: Fabian Ottiger
Hima Beni Hashim
approaches_2524 - 约旦
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全部展开 全部收起1. 一般信息
1.2 参与方法评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式
有助于对方法进行记录/评估的机构名称(如相关)
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) - 意大利1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件
(现场)数据是什么时候汇编的?:
15/04/2015
编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:
是
2. SLM方法的描述
2.1 该方法的简要说明
Social fencing for rangeland restoration
2.2 该方法的详细说明
该方法的详细说明:
Aims / objectives: Improve livelihoods of targeted community through Sustainable Management of Rangelands for 'Green Economics'
Methods: Social fencing, participatory approach, gender mainstreaming, alternative income generating opportunities
Stages of implementation: Re-classification of the land from forest to rangeland, community mobilization, problem identification through community particpation, capacity building, implementation
Role of stakeholders: Community - mobilization and enforcement of social fencing
IUCN - facilitated dialogue, establishing the association, rent and furnish the building, training
MoA - Technical assistance, training
2.5 采用该方法的国家/地区/地点
国家:
约旦
区域/州/省:
Zarka
有关地点的进一步说明:
Dogera village
2.6 该方法的开始和终止日期
注明开始年份:
2011
终止年份(若不再采用该方法):
2014
2.7 方法的类型
- 基于项目/方案
2.8 该方法的主要目的/目标
The Approach focused mainly on SLM with other activities (Income generation (herbal medicines and soap making), revolving funds, grazing management (rotation) and rangeland restoration )
Same as 2.1.1.2
The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: Land degradation, insufficient grazing for animals, income, and technical capacity.
2.9 推动或妨碍实施本办法所适用的技术的条件
社会/文化/宗教规范和价值观
- 阻碍
Bringing about attitudinal change is a long and difficult process
Treatment through the SLM Approach:
机构设置
- 阻碍
Weak institutional support
Treatment through the SLM Approach:
法律框架(土地使用权、土地和水使用权)
- 启动
The existing land ownership, land use rights / water rights helped a little the approach implementation
了解SLM,获得技术支持
- 阻碍
Community members were not technically capable to make decisions
Treatment through the SLM Approach:
3. 相关利益相关者的参与和角色
3.1 该方法涉及的利益相关者及其职责
- 当地土地使用者/当地社区
Women were encouraged to participate in training, pursue income generating activities, had greater role in decision making, etc.
- SLM专家/农业顾问
- 国家政府(规划者、决策者)
- 国际组织
如果涉及多个利益相关者,请注明领导机构:
IUCN and MoA took the initial initiative but in close consultation with the community
3.2 当地土地使用者/当地社区参与该方法的不同阶段
当地土地使用者/当地社区的参与 | 指定参与人员并描述活动 | |
---|---|---|
启动/动机 | 被动 | |
计划 | 互动 | Particpatory |
实施 | 互动 | Particpatory |
监测/评估 | 互动 | Particpatory |
Research | 互动 | Particpatory |
3.4 有关SLM技术选择的决策
具体说明谁有权决定选择要实施的技术:
- 主要是SLM专家,咨询土地使用者之后
解释:
Decisions on the method of implementing the SLM Technology were made by mainly by SLM specialists with consultation of land users
4. 技术支持、能力建设和知识管理
4.1 能力建设/培训
是否为土地使用者/其他利益相关者提供培训?:
是
明确受训人员:
- 土地使用者
- 现场工作人员/顾问
如果相关,请说明性别、年龄、地位、种族等。:
Both men and women were fairly represented
培训形式:
- 在职
- 示范区域
- 公开会议
涵盖的主题:
marketing,processing, packaging, growing and collecting herbal/medicinal plants, rotational grazing, etc.
4.3 机构强化(组织发展)
是否通过这种方法建立或加强了机构?:
- 是,非常
具体说明机构的强化或建立程度:
- 本地
具体说明支持类型:
- 财务
- 能力建设/培训
- 设备
4.5 研究
研究是该方法的一部分吗?
是
明确话题:
- 生态学
提供进一步的细节,并指出是谁做的研究:
Vegetation coverage
5. 融资和外部物质支持
5.2 为土地使用者提供财政/物质支援
土地使用者是否获得实施该技术的财政/物质支持?:
是
如果是,请具体说明支持的类型、条件和提供者:
land was provided by the State, office space and furniture by IUCN, grants from EU and Arab Women Organization
5.3 对特定投入的补贴(包括劳动力)
- 无
如果土地使用者的劳动力是一项重要的投入,那么是不是:
- 自愿
5.4 信用
是否根据SLM活动的方法给予信用值?:
是
对条件(利率、回报等)进行具体说明:
repayment conditions: The credit was for income generating activities.
请具体指明信贷接收人:
Disadvantaged women
6. 影响分析和结论性陈述
6.1 方法的影响
该方法是否改善了阻碍SLM技术实施的土地使用权/用户权问题?:
- 否
- 是,很少
- 是,中等
- 是,支持力度很大
The issue was resolved with the re-classification of the land from forest to rangeland and the allocation of the land to be managed by the community
6.2 土地使用者实施SLM的主要动机
- 增加利润(能力),提高成本效益比
- 环境意识
6.3 方法活动的可持续性
土地使用者能否维持通过该方法实施的措施(无外部支持的情况下)?:
- 不确定
若否或不确定,请具体说明并予以注释:
The project was completed at the end of 2014 but IUCN and MoA are still involved in the implementation and monitoring aspects.
6.4 该方法的长处/优点
土地使用者眼中的长处/优势/机会 |
---|
reduces cost of fodder (don't need to buy fodder for their animals), better view, women empowerment, (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Continued support) |
编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会 |
---|
Rangeland restoration Improved community mobilization Reduced soil erosion Increased technical capacity at the local level (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Continued monitoring and lots of patience, increase the area under protection) |
6.5 该方法的弱点/缺点以及克服它们的方法
土地使用者认为的弱点/缺点/风险 | 如何克服它们? |
---|---|
no grazing alternative for owners of goats income generation offered only to limited number of women Marketing of the herbs |
编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险 | 如何克服它们? |
---|---|
Needs to have an impact assessment to analyze the effect and sustainability of the project |
7. 参考和链接
7.1 方法/信息来源
- 实地考察、实地调查
- 与土地使用者的访谈
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