方法

HIMA Approach [约旦]

Hima Beni Hashim

approaches_2524 - 约旦

完整性: 69%

1. 一般信息

1.2 参与方法评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

关键资源人员

SLM专业人员:
有助于对方法进行记录/评估的机构名称(如相关)
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) - 意大利

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

(现场)数据是什么时候汇编的?:

15/04/2015

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

2. SLM方法的描述

2.1 该方法的简要说明

Social fencing for rangeland restoration

2.2 该方法的详细说明

该方法的详细说明:

Aims / objectives: Improve livelihoods of targeted community through Sustainable Management of Rangelands for 'Green Economics'

Methods: Social fencing, participatory approach, gender mainstreaming, alternative income generating opportunities

Stages of implementation: Re-classification of the land from forest to rangeland, community mobilization, problem identification through community particpation, capacity building, implementation

Role of stakeholders: Community - mobilization and enforcement of social fencing
IUCN - facilitated dialogue, establishing the association, rent and furnish the building, training
MoA - Technical assistance, training

2.5 采用该方法的国家/地区/地点

国家:

约旦

区域/州/省:

Zarka

有关地点的进一步说明:

Dogera village

2.6 该方法的开始和终止日期

注明开始年份:

2011

终止年份(若不再采用该方法):

2014

2.7 方法的类型

  • 基于项目/方案

2.8 该方法的主要目的/目标

The Approach focused mainly on SLM with other activities (Income generation (herbal medicines and soap making), revolving funds, grazing management (rotation) and rangeland restoration )

Same as 2.1.1.2

The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: Land degradation, insufficient grazing for animals, income, and technical capacity.

2.9 推动或妨碍实施本办法所适用的技术的条件

社会/文化/宗教规范和价值观
  • 阻碍

Bringing about attitudinal change is a long and difficult process

Treatment through the SLM Approach:

机构设置
  • 阻碍

Weak institutional support

Treatment through the SLM Approach:

法律框架(土地使用权、土地和水使用权)
  • 启动

The existing land ownership, land use rights / water rights helped a little the approach implementation

了解SLM,获得技术支持
  • 阻碍

Community members were not technically capable to make decisions

Treatment through the SLM Approach:

3. 相关利益相关者的参与和角色

3.1 该方法涉及的利益相关者及其职责

  • 当地土地使用者/当地社区

Women were encouraged to participate in training, pursue income generating activities, had greater role in decision making, etc.

  • SLM专家/农业顾问
  • 国家政府(规划者、决策者)
  • 国际组织
如果涉及多个利益相关者,请注明领导机构:

IUCN and MoA took the initial initiative but in close consultation with the community

3.2 当地土地使用者/当地社区参与该方法的不同阶段
当地土地使用者/当地社区的参与 指定参与人员并描述活动
启动/动机 被动
计划 互动 Particpatory
实施 互动 Particpatory
监测/评估 互动 Particpatory
Research 互动 Particpatory

3.4 有关SLM技术选择的决策

具体说明谁有权决定选择要实施的技术:
  • 主要是SLM专家,咨询土地使用者之后
解释:

Decisions on the method of implementing the SLM Technology were made by mainly by SLM specialists with consultation of land users

4. 技术支持、能力建设和知识管理

4.1 能力建设/培训

是否为土地使用者/其他利益相关者提供培训?:

明确受训人员:
  • 土地使用者
  • 现场工作人员/顾问
如果相关,请说明性别、年龄、地位、种族等。:

Both men and women were fairly represented

培训形式:
  • 在职
  • 示范区域
  • 公开会议
涵盖的主题:

marketing,processing, packaging, growing and collecting herbal/medicinal plants, rotational grazing, etc.

4.3 机构强化(组织发展)

是否通过这种方法建立或加强了机构?:
  • 是,非常
具体说明机构的强化或建立程度:
  • 本地
具体说明支持类型:
  • 财务
  • 能力建设/培训
  • 设备

4.5 研究

研究是该方法的一部分吗?

明确话题:
  • 生态学
提供进一步的细节,并指出是谁做的研究:

Vegetation coverage

5. 融资和外部物质支持

5.2 为土地使用者提供财政/物质支援

土地使用者是否获得实施该技术的财政/物质支持?:

如果是,请具体说明支持的类型、条件和提供者:

land was provided by the State, office space and furniture by IUCN, grants from EU and Arab Women Organization

5.3 对特定投入的补贴(包括劳动力)

 
如果土地使用者的劳动力是一项重要的投入,那么是不是:
  • 自愿

5.4 信用

是否根据SLM活动的方法给予信用值?:

对条件(利率、回报等)进行具体说明:

repayment conditions: The credit was for income generating activities.

请具体指明信贷接收人:

Disadvantaged women

6. 影响分析和结论性陈述

6.1 方法的影响

该方法是否改善了阻碍SLM技术实施的土地使用权/用户权问题?:
  • 是,很少
  • 是,中等
  • 是,支持力度很大

The issue was resolved with the re-classification of the land from forest to rangeland and the allocation of the land to be managed by the community

6.2 土地使用者实施SLM的主要动机

  • 增加利润(能力),提高成本效益比
  • 环境意识

6.3 方法活动的可持续性

土地使用者能否维持通过该方法实施的措施(无外部支持的情况下)?:
  • 不确定
若否或不确定,请具体说明并予以注释:

The project was completed at the end of 2014 but IUCN and MoA are still involved in the implementation and monitoring aspects.

6.4 该方法的长处/优点

土地使用者眼中的长处/优势/机会
reduces cost of fodder (don't need to buy fodder for their animals), better view, women empowerment, (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Continued support)
编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
Rangeland restoration
Improved community mobilization
Reduced soil erosion
Increased technical capacity at the local level
(How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Continued monitoring and lots of patience, increase the area under protection)

6.5 该方法的弱点/缺点以及克服它们的方法

土地使用者认为的弱点/缺点/风险 如何克服它们?
no grazing alternative for owners of goats
income generation offered only to limited number of women
Marketing of the herbs
编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险 如何克服它们?
Needs to have an impact assessment to analyze the effect and sustainability of the project

7. 参考和链接

7.1 方法/信息来源

  • 实地考察、实地调查
  • 与土地使用者的访谈

模块