1.2 参与方法评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对方法进行记录/评估的项目名称（如相关）

Book project: Guidelines to Rangeland Management in Sub-Saharan Africa (Rangeland Management)

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

（现场）数据是什么时候汇编的？:

28/02/2018

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

2.1 该方法的简要说明

Mara Beef provides a new direct to market sales approach for pastoralist's in Kenya, in an effort to make livestock production more viable to local landowners. This livestock production model is combined with rangeland management and training in an effort to improve pastoral livlihoods, restore rangelands and prevent degradation, and support biodiversity conservation.

2.2 该方法的详细说明

该方法的详细说明:

Mara Beef is a limited company that raises top quality beef on the edge of the Maasai Mara, Kenya. The Mara Beef company uses their own private land - Naretoi farm - as well as partnering with the Enonkishu Conservancy, to introduce high quality beef breeds to local herds, and sell the beef onto high end supermarkets and restaurants through their own abattoir. There is a large gap in the prime beef market in Kenya, and Mara Beef is trying to fill this gap. Other cuts, not prime cuts, are sold to other less expensive restaurants. The beef is slaughtered and butchered on site. Mara Beef is engaged in many facets of improved rangeland management; the management of Enonkishu Conservancy and Naretoi farms; through the Mara Training Centre, a training hub for rangeland management; and using the Mara Beef network to link pastoral communities with higher value market.

The Enokishu Conservancy is a conservancy created on the edge of the Maasai Mara ecosystem, and is registered under the Maasai Mara Wildlife Conservancies association. The conservancy is 6,000 acres in size, and is owned by 34 landowners who are Maasai pastoralists. Mara Beef has worked with the conservancy to develop a grazing plan for the conservancy. This plan encourages seasonal rotational grazing that allows grasslands to be heavily grazed for short periods, and allowed to recover over long periods. Conflict between predators and cattle is minimised through the use of mobile bomas (enclousers), to protect cattle at night. Integrating wildlife and livestock management into this conservancy aims to i) provide financial benefits through livestock sales from community cattle to build resilience to stochastic events, such as droughts; ii) to increase food security through supplementary income generation; iii) establish sustainable livestock production, to reduce rangeland degradation in an effort to restore and protect ecosystem functioning. This includes the improvement of soils, watershed protection, carbon sequestration and biodiversity conservation. The conservancy pays each land owner to use the land for cattle fattening, and the average land rent paid to each landowner per year is $20 per acre, spending roughly $119,680 per year. Community members also receive conservancy fees from tourists visiting the area.

The Mara Training Centre was established within the Enonkishu training centre to work with communities to help them create and manage the future they desire. The programs build on three principles: building social participation, governance and participation; creating locally implemented and led planned grazing; and stimulating growth in livestock and wildlife based enterprises. The centre runs a variety of training courses including: boot-camps on rangeland management; extension services; and ecological monitoring.

Finally Mara Beef also provides market linkages for the broader pastoral community to premium beef markets. This service lets pastoral communities from across the region to sell beef at a guaranteed price based on both weight and grade at the animals. This price is often significantly higher, on average around $50, than any price offered by local markets, and the lower transport costs and less weight loss on transport also benefit the seller. The emphasis on high quality beef, with high weight requirements, should have a broader affect on pastoral communities, encouraging improved rangeland management for improved livestock productivity. Although this process will be slow. Mara Beef, for example, was granted a loan from the Agricultural Finance Corporation in January 2017 to purchase malnourished cattle during the drought - where Mara Beef bought 1000 animals from105 individuals at an average of $250 per cow.

2.4 该方法的视频

2.5 采用该方法的国家/地区/地点

2.6 该方法的开始和终止日期

2.7 方法的类型

• 最近的本地倡议/创新

2.8 该方法的主要目的/目标

- Establish sustainable livestock production and premium market for pastoralists
- Improve grazing management systems through implementation and training
- Conserve and restore biodiversity through an integrate wildlife-livestock approach

2.9 推动或妨碍实施本办法所适用的技术的条件

3.1 该方法涉及的利益相关者及其职责

3.2 当地土地使用者/当地社区参与该方法的不同阶段

	当地土地使用者/当地社区的参与	指定参与人员并描述活动
启动/动机	互动	Mara Beef began the process of developing Enonkishu conservancy with the local community members, and found funding and technical capacity to develop the project.
计划	被动	The fundraising and planning of the Mara Beef business model, the Mara Training Centre, and Enonkishu was largely supported by members external to the local Maasai community.
实施	外部支持	Enonkishu conservancy has a manager supported by Mara Beef that controls grazing management across the conservation area. Mara Beef is owned an operated by non community members. Mara Training Centre involves local communities in the development of the training curriculum - to incorporate traditional knowledge - and during teaching of courses.
监测/评估	被动	Monitoring and evaluation of grazing management, beef prices and community benefits is conducted by Mara Beef staff.

3.4 有关SLM技术选择的决策

具体说明谁有权决定选择要实施的技术:

• 主要是SLM专家，咨询土地使用者之后

解释:

The farm manager has a long history of working with rangeland management. They consulted with specialists from the region to help advise on the best way to manage grazing on Enonkishu, as well as including community dialogue on best practice.

Mara Beef was set up with advise from business experts to build a sustainable and profitable beef business.

The Mara Training Centre was developed in consultation with landowners and with experts from the fields of conservation and rangeland management.

明确做出决策的依据:

• 对充分记录的SLM知识进行评估（基于证据的决策）
• 个人经验和意见（无记录）

4.1 能力建设/培训

是否为土地使用者/其他利益相关者提供培训？:

是

明确受训人员:

• 土地使用者
• 现场工作人员/顾问

培训形式:

• 在职
• 农民对农民
• 示范区域
• 公开会议

注释:

In 2015, 40 members of the Enonkishu Conservancy community, went on a training trip to Ol Maisor, Sosian, NRT, LEWA, Il Ngwesi and Westgate Conservancy, to learn about community conservation and rangeland management.

Training is provided on a continual basis to both local landowners and pastoralists from across the region through the Mara Training Centre. In the first 6 months of operation, over 600 people attended training courses.

4.2 咨询服务

土地使用者有权使用咨询服务吗？:

是

指明是否提供了咨询服务:

• 在土地使用者的土地上
• 在固定中心

说明/注释:

Mara Training Centre provides advise and courses both at the training centre, located in the Mara, and through outreach programs to pastoralists across the region.

4.3 机构强化（组织发展）

是否通过这种方法建立或加强了机构？:

• 是，非常

具体说明机构的强化或建立程度:

• 本地

说明机构、角色和职责、成员等。:

The Enoonkishu conservancy was established with 50 landowners to protect and manage their land in a more sustainable and profitable way.

具体说明支持类型:

• 财务
• 能力建设/培训

提供进一步细节:

Support was provided by several conservation NGOs, including the African Conservation Centre and WWF to support the initial costs of motorbikes and wildlife rangers within the Enonkishu conservation area. Further funding from African Enterpise Challange Fund was used to pay lease fees to the Enonkishu community and further equip the wildlife rangers and managers.

4.4 监测和评估

监测和评估是该方法的一部分吗？:

是

注释:

Mara Beef monitors its purchase and sales records, as well as purchase weight and sale weight .
Enonkishu monitors its rangeland health using (?)

若是，该文件是否用于监测和评估？:

否

4.5 研究

研究是该方法的一部分吗?

否

5.1 该方法中SLM组成部分的年度预算

如果不知道准确的年度预算，请给出一个范围:

• > 1,000,000

注释（例如主要的资助来源/主要捐助者）:

The initial budget for this project was large (>$500,000). This large amount of funding was needed to establish Enonkishu conservation area through payment of land rent, the purchasing of equipment for the Mara Beef slaughterhouse and distribution network, and the construction of the Mara Training Centre.

The company has a large turnover each year, purchasing over $850,000 of cattle in 2017.

5.2 为土地使用者提供财政/物质支援

土地使用者是否获得实施该技术的财政/物质支持？:

是

如果是，请具体说明支持的类型、条件和提供者:

Landowners of Enonkishu conservancy are provided with land rent, roughly $3,390 per landowner per year.

5.3 对特定投入的补贴（包括劳动力）

• 基建

• 其它

注释:

The Enonkishu conservancy land rent was also paid by an AECF grant for the first two years of establishment.

5.4 信用

是否根据SLM活动的方法给予信用值？:

否

5.5 其它激励或手段

是否有其他激励措施或工具用于促进SLM技术的实施？:

否

6.1 方法的影响

6.2 土地使用者实施SLM的主要动机

6.3 方法活动的可持续性

土地使用者能否维持通过该方法实施的措施（无外部支持的情况下）？:

• 不确定

若否或不确定，请具体说明并予以注释:

The Mara Beef model is supported by large captial investment and is not landowner run.

The Enonkishu conservancy is heading towards creating a self sustaining model of operations, without external support.

6.4 该方法的长处/优点

土地使用者眼中的长处/优势/机会
Provision of knowledge on improved livestock production and rangeland managment
Provision of an improved market for cattle

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
Creation of a production oriented approach provides the potential for improved rangeland management across the region. With pastoralists beginning to produce fewer, higher quality cattle for sale, through efforts to improve grazing management across the region.
This approach has a huge potential to be up-scaled to support community conservation through a sustainable and well managed livestock production and rangeland management model.
Mara Beef has also been a key catalyst of conversation across SSA relating to sustainable rangeland management, livestock production, and mixed livestock-wildlife ecosytems.

6.5 该方法的弱点/缺点以及克服它们的方法

土地使用者认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
Lack of ability to practice individual herding within the conservation area	Use of tradtional Maasai community structures to enforece grazing rules

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
The focus on cattle present a great opportunity, but sheep and goats also need a better, readily available market to increase off-take.	Building of a pack-house in Nairobi for goat meat for the export market, to compete with other markets.
Lack of impact on improved rangeland management beyond the Enonkishu area, especially when livestock is purchased from all over the country. There is also a lack of high quality cattle.	Establish links with other conservancies and landowner groups to encourage improved grazing management, producing higher quality cows.

7.1 方法/信息来源