1.2 参与方法评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对方法进行记录/评估的项目名称（如相关）

Environmental Land Management and Rural Livelihoods (ELMAR)

有助于对方法进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

Aga Khan Foundation (Aga Khan Foundation) - 瑞士

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

（现场）数据是什么时候汇编的？:

15/07/2014

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

1.4 SLM技术问卷的参考

2.1 该方法的简要说明

"Pasture and Livestock Management Plan" is a participatory approach which is guiding pasture users, members of Pasture User Unions and Pasture User Groups to develop their action plan on pasture and livestock management. The approach brings together stakeholders, who are involved at any stage in pasture management or can contribute to or impede the implementation of the pasture livestock management plan.

2.2 该方法的详细说明

该方法的详细说明:

Pasture and Livestock Management Plan (PLMP) Approach is a participatory approach towards the development of a pasture plan with communities to ensure a sustainable use of pasture resources. It was especially designed for the needs of the Pasture User Union, a new structure allowed to establish at community level to implement better management of their pasture resources. Though a step-by-step analysis of the current situation a community will come up with detailed action plan for the following three years. The PLMP involves, but is not limited to, the establishment of a committee involved in preparation of the PLMP, as well as a stakeholder analysis and the determination of the carrying capacity of pasture resources by comparing the existing fodder resources and requirements for the fodder. Based on that analysis, an action plan will be developed with involvement of all stakeholders to reach an agreement on approaches and technologies to implement the interventions. The PLMP will lead to the development of the Action Plan based on the discussion between different stakeholders. In the process of the plan development with consideration of an expert a clear roles and responsibilities of all involved actors/stakeholder in a defined timeframe will be identified.
The main objectives is to support land users with development of actions, which contribute to the sustainable development of pasture resource and livestock development. The central focus is given to balance the need of the livestock owners to improve livestock productivity with compromising the environmental conditions for the next generations and ecosystem services. The planning process should contribute to better management of pasture lands, rehabilitation of degraded pastures, resolving any existing conflict over pasture use, awareness raising on the role of pasture land for ecosystem services and overall trends in development with regards to use and management of pasture resources.

The process is based on participatory methods with involvement of different stakeholders capturing main principles for land use planning. The process includes pasture users/livestock owners who are involved in day to day management of pasture lands, local government with related department to pasture use, land owners, different departments of local government such as forestry, land use committee, environmental protection etc.
The approach is conducted in three main stages: In the firs stage consultation with pasture users will be held to identify the need for development of a pasture plan. Then an inventory of all land resources, including pasture land and livestock numbers will be conducted. In the third stage a workshop will be conducted with involvement of all stakeholders, where the pasture plan will be developed. In the final stage of the pasture plan development an action plan with defined clear activities in a given frame and assigned responsible persons will be developed.
Land users, who also own livestock appreciate their involvement in the pasture development planning. They also like when their voice is taken into consideration in making any decision with regards to the pasture use.

2.3 该方法的照片

2.5 采用该方法的国家/地区/地点

2.6 该方法的开始和终止日期

2.7 方法的类型

• 基于项目/方案

2.8 该方法的主要目的/目标

The main objective is to support land users with the development of actions, that contribute to the sustainable development of pasture resource and livestock development. The central focus is to balance the need of the livestock owners to improve livestock productivity without compromising the environmental conditions for next generations and ecosystem services. The planning process should contribute to better management of pasture lands, rehabilitation of degraded pastures, resolving any existing conflicts over pasture use, raise awareness on the role of pasture land for ecosystem services and overall trends in development with regards to use and management of pasture resources.

2.9 推动或妨碍实施本办法所适用的技术的条件

3.1 该方法涉及的利益相关者及其职责

3.2 当地土地使用者/当地社区参与该方法的不同阶段

	当地土地使用者/当地社区的参与	指定参与人员并描述活动
启动/动机	外部支持	livestock owners, PUU members; consultation with livestock owners, facilitation the process of establishment of PUUs
计划	互动	land users, PUU members, pasture experts
实施	互动	PUU members and expert from project; consultation with stakeholders, conduct workshop and development of the plan
监测/评估	外部支持	from project team and management of PUU

3.4 有关SLM技术选择的决策

具体说明谁有权决定选择要实施的技术:

• 主要是SLM专家，咨询土地使用者之后

解释:

Mainly as a new approach, best practices from the WOCAT database were used by the SLM specialists to introduce to land users and traditional practices were also applied based on the knowledge of land users.

明确做出决策的依据:

• 对充分记录的SLM知识进行评估（基于证据的决策）
• 个人经验和意见（无记录）

4.1 能力建设/培训

是否为土地使用者/其他利益相关者提供培训？:

是

明确受训人员:

• 土地使用者
• 现场工作人员/顾问

培训形式:

• 在职
• 公开会议

涵盖的主题:

"Pasture and Livestock Management Plan" methodology, proposal development for fund raising, Environmental Land Management

4.2 咨询服务

土地使用者有权使用咨询服务吗？:

是

指明是否提供了咨询服务:

• 在土地使用者的土地上

说明/注释:

During the project period continuos visits were organized to the project site to review the progress and provide advisory service. The project implmentation team consisting of different experts, including pasture, environmental specialists and monitoring and evaluation experts.

4.3 机构强化（组织发展）

是否通过这种方法建立或加强了机构？:

• 是，非常

具体说明机构的强化或建立程度:

• 本地

说明机构、角色和职责、成员等。:

Pasture User Union was established at sub-district level.

具体说明支持类型:

• 财务
• 能力建设/培训

提供进一步细节:

Different technical and administrative trainings were provided and the PUU was funded with certain amount for implementation of the PLMP approach.

4.4 监测和评估

监测和评估是该方法的一部分吗？:

是

注释:

The final section of the PLMP is monitoring and evaluation. At each stage a responsible person among the stakeholders is assigned to conduct the plan implementation. In addition, the project team also conducts monitoring of the approach.

若是，该文件是否用于监测和评估？:

是

注释:

The implementing agency has a monitoring methodology, which will be used by the project team to conduct monitoring.

4.5 研究

研究是该方法的一部分吗?

否

5.1 该方法中SLM组成部分的年度预算

如果不知道准确的年度预算，请给出一个范围:

• 2,000-10,000

注释（例如主要的资助来源/主要捐助者）:

World Bank in the framework of ELMARL - Environmental Land Management and Rural Livelihood project

5.2 为土地使用者提供财政/物质支援

土地使用者是否获得实施该技术的财政/物质支持？:

否

5.3 对特定投入的补贴（包括劳动力）

• 无

如果土地使用者的劳动力是一项重要的投入，那么是不是:

• 自愿

注释:

This is traditional now and any project fund should be accompanied by contributions from communities, which is mainly labour on a voluntary basis

5.4 信用

是否根据SLM活动的方法给予信用值？:

否

5.5 其它激励或手段

是否有其他激励措施或工具用于促进SLM技术的实施？:

否

6.1 方法的影响

6.2 土地使用者实施SLM的主要动机

6.3 方法活动的可持续性

土地使用者能否维持通过该方法实施的措施（无外部支持的情况下）？:

• 不确定

若否或不确定，请具体说明并予以注释:

depends on the availability of funding, leadership and support from other stakeholders, especially local government

6.4 该方法的长处/优点

土地使用者眼中的长处/优势/机会
active participation in the development of the plan
better understanding of the current situation with regards to pasture use and importance of pasture plan development

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
involvement of all stakeholders, especially land users and taking their knowledge and voice into consideration in decision making
building of the knowledge and opening a platform for collaboration between different stakeholders interested in sustainable management of pasture resources

6.5 该方法的弱点/缺点以及克服它们的方法

土地使用者认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
time consuming, requires resource in the short term	should be understand as a means of livelihoods and spend more time, improve understanding of better gain in a long term

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
financial resources	should design longer term project to attract funding before the approach becomes self sustained
low capacity of the stakeholders,	more trainings, sharing of experiences
human resources	More focus should be given to younger generation to build their capacity and involve them in the approach development

7.1 方法/信息来源

7.2 参考可用出版物

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

Pasture and Livestock Management Plan Manual

可以从哪里获得?成本如何?

Available upon request

7.3 链接到网络上可用的相关信息

标题/说明:

Pasture Management Networking Platform (PMNP)

URL:

https://pasture.klink.asia/dms/documents/groups/796?page=2