1.2 参与方法评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对方法进行记录/评估的项目名称（如相关）

Strengthening national-level institutional and professional capacities of country Parties towards enhanced UNCCD monitoring and reporting – GEF 7 EA Umbrella II (GEF 7 UNCCD Enabling Activities_Umbrella II)

有助于对方法进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

National Soil Services Center, Department of Agric (National Soil Services Center, Department of Agric) - 不丹

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

（现场）数据是什么时候汇编的？:

16/07/2023

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

1.4 SLM技术问卷的参考

2.1 该方法的简要说明

The Community Forest Management Group (CFMG) functions with an aim to sustainably manage and utilize potential Non-Wood Forest Products (NWFP) such as cane and bamboo to diversify income sources. The Jangbi CFMG comprises three Monpa (indigenous) communities viz. Jangbi, Wangling and Phrumzur. The group's main mandates are to maintain raw material (bamboo and cane) germplasm, uphold the ancestral arts and crafts skills, and ensure the sustainable harvest of natural raw materials.

2.2 该方法的详细说明

该方法的详细说明:

Tsharzo (bamboo craft) is popular in the eastern and southern parts of Bhutan where raw materials such as bamboo and cane are abundant. Tsharzo makes use of cane and bamboo to weave products such as orongbhazib (backpack), lapchu (hand basket), chungchu (basket), bechab (winnow), tsew (basket to carry fodder, fruits, shoots etc.) and pari (mats), among others. The Community Forest Management Group (CFMG) under Jangbi chiwog, Trongsa Dzongkhag is called Monpa Selwai Yoezer Tshogpa. The Jangbi CFMG is one of the successful groups that promote bamboo and cane products in the country. The group consists of 59 households (HH) from three villages, Jangbi (23 HH), Wangling (22 HH), and Phrumzur (14 HH). The group was formed under the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) on 14 April 2000, and officially came into play in 2007, upon drafting the bylaws. The bylaws were revised upon the need for further improvement in the year 2018. The group was formed to promote and enhance bamboo and cane products, thereby sustaining the existing trend and culture of the community. The group's main mandates are to maintain raw material germplasm (namely bamboo and cane), uphold ancestral arts and crafts skills, and ensure the sustainable harvest of natural raw materials.
The group received initial fund support of Nu. 1,400,000 from UNDP and Nu. 800,000 from Bhutan Orchids, a non-governmental organization (NGO). The government has given a total of 45 acres of land to the land users of Jangbi CFMG to plant bamboo and cane. Out of the 45 acres, 15 acres of land are collectively managed by all the land users of Jangbi CFMG for nursery raising. And 10 acres each is managed by each village under Jangbi chiwog for plantation activities. The land users plant different varieties of bamboo on the land. Some major activities carried out by the group involve documentation of the existing stock of cane and bamboo and new plantations. Cane and bamboo plantations are fenced to protect against wild and domestic animals.
Initially, Tsharzo in Jangbi CFMG was taken up on a contract basis. However, the proposal to establish a community Tsharzo group named Monpa Selwai Yoezer Tshogpa was approved by the Dzongkhag administration and was funded by the UNDP. Upon approval of the proposal, the Dzongkhag Forestry Department assisted the land users in land development (nursery development) for the cultivation of bamboo and cane in the allocated areas on 45 acres of state-owned land. The stakeholders involved in the formation of CFMG were the community members of Jangbi, Wangling, and Phumzur villages, of Jangbi chiwog, an NGO (Bhutan Orchids), the gewog administration, the forestry department, and UNDP. The community members’ roles included carrying out fieldwork (plantation of bamboo and cane, their maintenance) and engaging in decision-making processes under CFMG. The gewog administration supported the group with technical, financial, and advisory services. The NGO provided fund support of Nu. 800,000 and UNDP provided initial fund support of Nu. 1,400,000. The forestry department sourced the initial funds from UNDP, formulated bylaws, and facilitated hands-on training on bamboo and cane plantations.
The benefits of the approach include the establishment of dedicated germplasm, sustainable harvest of natural raw materials, conservation and promotion of ancestral arts and crafts skills, social cohesion through group formation, and employment opportunities. Bamboo and cane plantations play a great role in preventing soil degradation. Bamboo and cane have extensive root systems that help prevent erosion, stabilize soil, and reduce landslide risks. They are excellent for revegetation as they quickly establish themselves. Bamboo is also an efficient carbon sink, absorbing significant amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. This helps mitigate climate change by reducing greenhouse gas concentrations. Bamboo and cane provide habitats for some organisms thereby increasing biodiversity. Products made from bamboo and cane are biodegradable, reducing the environmental impact.

2.3 该方法的照片

2.5 采用该方法的国家/地区/地点

2.6 该方法的开始和终止日期

2.7 方法的类型

• 基于项目/方案

2.8 该方法的主要目的/目标

The group's main aims are:
i. To maintain raw material germplasm (bamboo and cane).
ii. Uphold the ancestral arts and crafts skills.
iii. To ensure sustainable harvest of natural raw materials.

2.9 推动或妨碍实施本办法所适用的技术的条件

3.1 该方法涉及的利益相关者及其职责

3.2 当地土地使用者/当地社区参与该方法的不同阶段

	当地土地使用者/当地社区的参与	指定参与人员并描述活动
启动/动机	互动	In the year 2000, a few community representatives approached the Forestry officials to explore the market and sale plans for bamboo and cane products. The representatives expressed an interest in acting as vendors. In return, the forestry officials suggested instituting a group. Hence, the idea of Community Forest Management Group (CFMG) was conceived for managing cane and bamboo species (non-wood forest produce).
计划	被动	The fund securing was supported by Gewog Administration whereas formulation of a management plan and by-laws was technically supported by forestry officials, Department of Forests and Park Services.
实施	互动	Following the sensitization program from UNDP and the Gewog Administration, a hands-on training program was conducted by forestry officials on bamboo and cane plantations.
监测/评估	自我动员	The monitoring activities are carried out by the group members themselves on an annual basis. As such, the scale-up programs are limited due to budget constraints.

3.3 流程图（如可用）

3.4 有关SLM技术选择的决策

具体说明谁有权决定选择要实施的技术:

• 仅限土地使用者（自主）

解释:

The community expressed their interest in marketing their already existing bamboo and cane products to the erstwhile Forestry Office. Their main objectives were to enhance the livelihoods of the Monpa community through the sale of bamboo and cane products, uphold their ancestor's legacies and traditions, and ensure the sustainability of the raw materials.

明确做出决策的依据:

• 个人经验和意见（无记录）

4.1 能力建设/培训

是否为土地使用者/其他利益相关者提供培训？:

是

明确受训人员:

• 土地使用者

如果相关，请说明性别、年龄、地位、种族等。:

All the group members (both male and female) were trained.

培训形式:

• 示范区域
• 公开会议

涵盖的主题:

The members were trained on the plantation and management of bamboo and cane and about their germplasm.

4.2 咨询服务

土地使用者有权使用咨询服务吗？:

是

指明是否提供了咨询服务:

• 在土地使用者的土地上
• 在固定中心

说明/注释:

The CFMG is under the jurisdiction of the Jigme Singye Wangchuck National Park under the Department of Forests and Park Services. The advisory services are provided by the Langthel Park Range Office.

4.3 机构强化（组织发展）

是否通过这种方法建立或加强了机构？:

• 是，非常

具体说明机构的强化或建立程度:

• 本地

说明机构、角色和职责、成员等。:

The sale of bamboo and cane products has helped diversify the income sources of the group members and improve their living standards.

具体说明支持类型:

• 财务

4.4 监测和评估

监测和评估是该方法的一部分吗？:

是

注释:

The monitoring and evaluation of the management plan is conducted by group members and Department of Forests and Park Services. In order to ensure the proper implementation of activities, annual monitoring is conducted by the executive committee members (Chairman, Secretary and Treasurer) based on the management plan prescriptions and by-laws framed for a period of 10 years. Similarly, the respective field office conducts annual monitoring of the group and submits the report to the Department for review and accordingly advice the field offices to carry out the corrective measures. Based on the Forest and Nature Conservation Act and Rules, a midterm evaluation on the 5th year and final evaluation on the 10th year of the plan period is conducted by the Department of Forests and Park Services for monitoring of the activities planned for 10 years. The monitoring and evaluation report for the group shall determine the revision and implementation of the plan for next 10 years.

若是，该文件是否用于监测和评估？:

否

4.5 研究

研究是该方法的一部分吗?

否

5.1 该方法中SLM组成部分的年度预算

如果不知道准确的年度预算，请给出一个范围:

• < 2,000

注释（例如主要的资助来源/主要捐助者）:

The total fund supported by UNDP and Bhutan Orchids was Nu. 1,400,000 and Nu. 800,000 respectively. These budgets were granted for both the institution of the group and the initiation of technology implementation. The fund support was for the commencement of bamboo and cane plantations in the initial year. There is no funding now and the land users now manage the plantation activities themselves.

5.2 为土地使用者提供财政/物质支援

土地使用者是否获得实施该技术的财政/物质支持？:

是

如果是，请具体说明支持的类型、条件和提供者:

The total fund of Nu. 2,200,000 was supported by UNDP and Bhutan Orchids to institute the group, and to initiate the technology implementation.

5.3 对特定投入的补贴（包括劳动力）

• 无

5.4 信用

是否根据SLM活动的方法给予信用值？:

否

5.5 其它激励或手段

是否有其他激励措施或工具用于促进SLM技术的实施？:

否

6.1 方法的影响

6.2 土地使用者实施SLM的主要动机

6.3 方法活动的可持续性

土地使用者能否维持通过该方法实施的措施（无外部支持的情况下）？:

• 否

若否或不确定，请具体说明并予以注释:

Since the establishment, no additional funds have been provided to the community. However, the land users earn income from the sale of bamboo products, and whatever activities related to the approach arise like the need for plantations after harvest or care of some plantations, the land users work together. So, land users have been sustaining what has been implemented through the approach. The bamboo and cane plantations give raw materials to the land users and the land users in turn from their income of bamboo and cane products replace harvested rhizomes.

6.4 该方法的长处/优点

土地使用者眼中的长处/优势/机会
Preserve and promote ancestral arts and crafts skills.
Dedicated germplasm (bamboo and cane) established.
Income generation through the sale of bamboo and cane products.
Sustainable harvest of natural raw materials.

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
Social cohesion through collaboration and coordination among the land users in the group.
Bamboo and cane have extensive root systems that help prevent erosion, stabilize soil, and reduce landslide risks.
Employment opportunities.
Products made from bamboo and cane are biodegradable, reducing the environmental impact.
Higher vegetation cover.
Sustainable utilization of forest resources (bamboo and cane).
Diversify income sources of the land users.

6.5 该方法的弱点/缺点以及克服它们的方法

土地使用者认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
The identified germplasm area lacks suitable places for convenient plantations. The majority of the area is rugged terrain and steep.	Exclude the steep and rugged terrains. Explore and identify suitable and convenient areas for plantation.
The wooden fencing poles surrounding the germplasm area are not durable (cannot withstand barbed wires for longer periods).	Replace the wooden fencing poles with steel posts or other durable materials.
No funds to scale up. For instance, the canes lost in the 2017 forest fire have not been re-generated like bamboo.	Additional funds are to be sought to scale up the plantation programs.

7.1 方法/信息来源

7.3 链接到网络上可用的相关信息

标题/说明:

Bamboo/cane plantation to sustain Monpa livelihood

URL:

https://kuenselonline.com/bamboocane-plantation-to-sustain-monpa-livelihood/

标题/说明:

Monpa, the early settlers of Bhutan in Jigme Singye Wangchuck National Park and conservation strategy

URL:

https://researchoutput.csu.edu.au/en/publications/monpa-the-early-settlers-of-bhutan-in-jigme-singye-wangchuck-nati

标题/说明:

Monpas of Bhutan: A Study of Tribal Survival and Development Responses

URL:

https://architales.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/03-Raghubir-CHANDp25-37.pdf