1.2 参与方法评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对方法进行记录/评估的项目名称（如相关）

NEW LIFE Project (NEW LIFE)

有助于对方法进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

m.c.m Ecosistemi (m.c.m Ecosistemi)

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

（现场）数据是什么时候汇编的？:

05/09/2023

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

1.4 SLM技术问卷的参考

2.1 该方法的简要说明

Reconstitution of soils is a patented pedotechnology that brings benefits to degraded soils. Simultaneously, it raises awareness of the potential of restoring soil fertility through recycling. The approach starts with the identification of the soil issue, and the technology is then planned, implemented and promoted through a consortium.

2.2 该方法的详细说明

该方法的详细说明:

The approach to reconstitution of soils is guided and led by m.c.m. Ecosistemi in its role as a consortium leader, together with land users, soil experts and local authorities. Reconstitution of soils is a patented pedotechnology that brings benefits to degraded, barren and desertified soils. Simultaneously, it helps raise awareness of the potential of recycling in restoration of soil as part of a “circular economy”.
The technology of soil reconstitution arose about 20 years ago from a concept, later patented by Ecosistemi, to fight soil degradation through the guiding principle of recycling environmental suitable waste. From its conception until now, reconstitution has been improved and implemented through a consortium involving Ecosistemi, soil scientists, land users, farmers, and local authorities – while being supported by various national, European and international research projects.
To explain the approach in detail, one project more than any other has been central to demonstrating and promoting the technology: the EU project “New Life” (https://www.lifeplusecosistemi.eu/). The planning, application and monitoring phases under the New Life project are the same each time that reconstitution is the tool employed to restore an area.
To take one example under the New Life project, the intervention area was about 20 hectares in the Trebbia River Park (in the city of Piacenza, Italy). In the 1980s it was a landfill site for solid urban waste. When the landfill was closed, the waste was covered by a thin layer of soil on which rehabilitation efforts were carried out though planting trees and shrubs. However, these interventions, due to the poor quality of the soil used, failed, leaving the area in a state of continued degradation.
Some years later, after evaluating the state of the area, Ecosistemi proposed reconstitution as a potential tool for land restoration. As the land was a public area and large, it was necessary to find funding to support the restoration. Ecosistemi therefore contacted the University of Piacenza and local authorities to create a consortium, and after discussions Ecosistemi searched for funding opportunities. A proposal was drawn up for a restoration project which was then presented for funding under a EU programme and approved (https://www.lifeplusecosistemi.eu/). This then provided the go-ahead for successful restoration to form a recreational area.
Based this experience, the prototype for the approach to reconstitution of soils can be summarized as:
1) Identification of degraded land - through alerts from farmers and/ or local authorities and/ or universities;
2) Creation of a consortium;
3) Searching for funding opportunities (by the consortium), but if no funding is found, Ecosistemi prepares a profit and loss account using different scenarios to evaluate whether restoration is viable;
4) Assessing the soils threats to be solved - by the consortium;
5) Ecosistemi develops plans for implementation, based on core principles and practices of soil restoration;
6) Application of the restoration technology by Ecosistemi;
7) Monitoring of results by Ecosistemi and soil experts of the consortium;
8) Dissemination of the results through scientific articles, articles in local newspapers, interviews and in schools - by the consortium.

2.3 该方法的照片

2.4 该方法的视频

2.5 采用该方法的国家/地区/地点

2.6 该方法的开始和终止日期

2.7 方法的类型

• research, growth, innovation

2.8 该方法的主要目的/目标

The reconstitution of soils approach, whose guiding principle is the "circular economy", copes with land degradation and desertification. The approach's aim is to support the implementation of the "reconstitution of soils" technology , creating a consortium of soil experts, local authorities and people with the aim of restoring degraded land, sealed soils, soils with low chemical and/ or physical fertility.

2.9 推动或妨碍实施本办法所适用的技术的条件

3.1 该方法涉及的利益相关者及其职责

3.2 当地土地使用者/当地社区参与该方法的不同阶段

	当地土地使用者/当地社区的参与	指定参与人员并描述活动
启动/动机	互动	Iniziation of the approach started from the identification of the threat to be solved and so local users are key actors
计划	互动	Planning is made by all the stakeholders of the approach leading by Ecosistemi
实施	无	Implementation is carried out only by m.c.m. Ecosistemi
监测/评估	互动	They take part in monitoring the results about for example their perception of a restored land after the application of the approach

3.3 流程图（如可用）

3.4 有关SLM技术选择的决策

具体说明谁有权决定选择要实施的技术:

• 所有相关参与者，作为参与式方法的一部分

解释:

Ecosistemi, as it is the leader of the approach, decides about the implementation of Reconstitution of Soils Approach because only they have the whole knowledge about Reconstitution of Soils and soil threats

明确做出决策的依据:

• 对充分记录的SLM知识进行评估（基于证据的决策）
• 研究结果
• 个人经验和意见（无记录）

4.1 能力建设/培训

是否为土地使用者/其他利益相关者提供培训？:

是

明确受训人员:

• 现场工作人员/顾问

如果相关，请说明性别、年龄、地位、种族等。:

Gender is inclusive; everyone can be trained

培训形式:

• 在职
• 示范区域
• 公开会议

涵盖的主题:

Natural soil management, organic matter conservation, reconstituted soil management, agricultural management

4.2 咨询服务

土地使用者有权使用咨询服务吗？:

是

指明是否提供了咨询服务:

• 在土地使用者的土地上
• 在固定中心

说明/注释:

Training on natural and reconstituted soils management, on soil degradation processes, on the production process used by company providing waste to be tested in the approach

4.3 机构强化（组织发展）

是否通过这种方法建立或加强了机构？:

• 是，适度

具体说明机构的强化或建立程度:

• 本地
• 区域

说明机构、角色和职责、成员等。:

Local and regional institutions such as municipality and trade associations, have the roles of the dissemination of the results through people and of financial support

具体说明支持类型:

• 财务

• dissemination

提供进一步细节:

Search for funding opportunities (regional projects): dissemination of the results through articles in local newspapers and/ or interviews

4.4 监测和评估

监测和评估是该方法的一部分吗？:

是

注释:

Soil monitoring and evaluation are the only way to know if the technology is able to solve soil problem to cope with. After that the obtained results can be disseminated and so to eventually find a new area to start a new implementation

若是，该文件是否用于监测和评估？:

是

注释:

Every implementation is the base for a new project and to increase the development of the approach

4.5 研究

研究是该方法的一部分吗?

是

明确话题:

• 经济/市场营销
• 生态学
• 技术

提供进一步的细节，并指出是谁做的研究:

All the research is be done by m.c.m. Ecosistemi sometimes together with local institutions and/ or soil experts; the topics of the research are: chemico-physical and microbiological soils parameters, soils uses, circular economy, soil management and yield, laboratory soil analysis, suitable waste, vegetation indices, and soil fertility.

5.1 该方法中SLM组成部分的年度预算

如果不知道准确的年度预算，请给出一个范围:

• 100,000-1,000,000

注释（例如主要的资助来源/主要捐助者）:

this annual budget originates from New Life project (https://www.lifeplusecosistemi.eu/) and it covers the restoration of a 10 ha land, involving 8-10 people, and all the other associated aspects of the approach.

5.2 为土地使用者提供财政/物质支援

土地使用者是否获得实施该技术的财政/物质支持？:

是

如果是，请具体说明支持的类型、条件和提供者:

Subsidies from funding programs based on a research project

5.3 对特定投入的补贴（包括劳动力）

• 劳动力

• 设备

如果土地使用者的劳动力是一项重要的投入，那么是不是:

• 以现金支付

5.4 信用

是否根据SLM活动的方法给予信用值？:

否

5.5 其它激励或手段

是否有其他激励措施或工具用于促进SLM技术的实施？:

否

6.1 方法的影响

6.2 土地使用者实施SLM的主要动机

6.3 方法活动的可持续性

土地使用者能否维持通过该方法实施的措施（无外部支持的情况下）？:

• 是

若是，请说明如何维持:

The whole process, thanks to the monitoring phase (studies of the successful results), can be upscaled because every implementation of the technology becomes the starting point for a new challenge

6.4 该方法的长处/优点

土地使用者眼中的长处/优势/机会
Strengths: - to join different skills; - promotion of the technology
Advantages: - a consortium has a greater chance of finding funding
Opportunities: - awareness raising about the connection of circular economy and soil restoration; - to create a network of soil experts to counter soil degradation

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
Strengths: - join skills
Advantages: - to promote the technology in scientific community and farmers
Opportunities: - dissemination to test the approach in different land - reusing different suitable waste thanks to agro-industrial connection - to create a network of soil experts

6.5 该方法的弱点/缺点以及克服它们的方法

土地使用者认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
Weaknesses: - Italian bureaucracy regarding the use of waste	to explain to local authorities that all the waste used are environmental suitable and always monitored
Disadvantages: - long time from the submission of the project to commission evaluation	making a test plot using a pilot reconstitution plant
Risks: - financial difficult if the consortium and the project presented for funding is rejected	profit and loss account to evaluate if the restoration can be made exploring different scenarios

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
Weaknesses: - financial difficult if the consortium and the project presented for funding is rejected	profit and loss account to evaluate if different scenarios
Disadvantages: - time from the submission of the project to commission evaluation	pilot test in a smaller scale
Risks: - Italian bureaucracy regarding use of waste	to explain to local authorities that all the waste used are environmental suitable and always monitored

7.1 方法/信息来源

7.2 参考可用出版物

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

The reconstitution pedotechnique: Applications, Manfredi P., Cassinari C., Trevisan M., 10.1016/j.eti.2021.102246

可以从哪里获得?成本如何?

Scientific Journal

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

The reconstitution: environmental restoration assessment by means of LCC and FCC, 10.6092/issn.2281-4485/8500

可以从哪里获得?成本如何?

Scientific Journal

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

Trees and shrubs monitoring using an ecological approach: the conclusion of the restoration project of Borgotrebbia landfill (Northern Italy), Manfredi P., Cassinari C., Meloni F., Stragliati L., Trevisan M., Giupponi L., 10.31031/EAES.2019.06.000635

可以从哪里获得?成本如何?

Scientific Journal

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

A new technology to restore soil fertility: Reconstitution, Manfredi P., Cassinari C., Francaviglia R., Trevisan M., 10.12871/00021857201933

可以从哪里获得?成本如何?

Scientific Journal

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

Growth and yield response of tomato (Solarium lycopersicum L.) to soil reconstitution technology, Manfredi P., Cassinari C., Gatti M., Trevisan M., 10.12871/00021857201916

可以从哪里获得?成本如何?

Scientific Journal

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

Test on the effects of reconstituted soil on emergency speed and root growth in maize, Manfredi P., Cassinari C., Salvi R., Battaglia R., Marocco A., Trevisan M., 10.1515/contagri-2018-0035

可以从哪里获得?成本如何?

Scientific Journal

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

Osservazione di Lycogala terrestre Fr. e Stemonitis axifera (Bull.) T. Macr. su suoli ricostituiti sabbiosi, Manfredi P., Salvi R., Bersan M., Cassinari C., Marocco A., Trevisan M.

可以从哪里获得?成本如何?

Scientific Journal

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

Relationship between hydraulic properties and plant coverage of the closed-landfill soils in Piacenza (Po Valley, Italy), Cassinari C., Manfredi P., Giupponi L., Trevisan M., Piccini C., 10.5194/se-6-929-2015

可以从哪里获得?成本如何?

Scientific Journal

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

Soil temperature fluctuations in a degraded and in a reconstituted soil, Manfredi P., Cassinari C., Trevisan M., ISBN 20385625

可以从哪里获得?成本如何?

Scientific Journal

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

Confronto tra dati produttivi di mais coltivato su terre ricostituite e terre naturali, Manfredi P., Tassi D., Cassinari C.

可以从哪里获得?成本如何?

Scientific Journal

7.3 链接到网络上可用的相关信息

标题/说明:

Ecosistemi web site

URL:

www.mcmecosistemi.com

标题/说明:

Paolo Manfredi ResearchGate

URL:

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Paolo-Manfredi-2

标题/说明:

Chiara Cassinari ResearchGate

URL:

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Chiara-Cassinari

标题/说明:

All the publications with DOI mentioned above

标题/说明:

Ecosistemi YouTube channel

URL:

https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCOloFv-BLgvIVt9kBZuZyZg