1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

Rural hand & M/Resource Authority Chiro - 埃塞俄比亚

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

（现场）数据是什么时候汇编的？:

29/05/2011

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

1.5 请参阅有关SLM方法的问卷

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

Stone faced bund is embankment constructed from stone & soil along the contour at upper part to reduce velocity of run of & length of slope with collection ditch in the uper part.

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

Description:- is constructed from soil embankment at the upper part. The layer of regular sheped stone embankement at lower side along the contour line. Excavated collection ditch at the uper part. Have sound foundation at lower side. Has a berm between collection ditch & soil embankement. Purpose:- To cut longer slopes into series of slopes. To increase time of concentration & infiltration rate. To decrease velocity of run off. To colect top soil, as a result to protect erosion, to increase yield at last forming a bench. Establishment/ maintenance:- Layout contour line across the slope remark the line of collection ditch, construct embandkment of soil with compaction & construct stone embankment in the outer (lower) side & requires proper foundation. Arranage the labour forces & require external inputs. Environment:- Low rain fall area, less soil depth & moisture stressed areas, low prolduction (yield) areas, on cultivated land use type, which have 8-30% slope.

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

2.6 实施日期

如果不知道确切的年份，请说明大概的日期:

• 50多年前（传统）

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 通过项目/外部干预

注释（项目类型等）:

National natural resource development of conservation dept.

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

注释:

Major land use problems (compiler’s opinion): Absence of applications of land use & forest policy shortage of farm cultivated land. Absence of responsibility to develop protect all land use type population growth pressure, High way run off desposal structure. Intensive cultivation of land.

Major land use problems (land users’ perception): Shortage of farm land; population growth (Increase of family size) decrease of production yield of farm; soil errosion, monocropping system povertiy.

Type of cropping system and major crops comments: Annual croping:- sorghum 2st, the maize, sorghum with maize, maize the cow pea.

3.3 有关土地利用的更多信息

该技术所应用土地的供水:

• 雨养

每年的生长季节数:

• 2

具体说明:

Longest growing period in days: 250 Longest growing period from month to month: Apr - Dec Second longest growing period in days: 180 Second longest growing period from month to month: Apr - Sep

3.4 该技术所属的SLM组

• 横坡措施

3.5 技术传播

注释:

Total area covered by the SLM Technology is 11.83 m2.

Most of the activities were not done due to lack (constraints) of incentive foods at present only gara nigus of sorrow no. sites are functional.

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

注释:

Main type of degradation addressed: Wt: loss of topsoil / surface erosion

Secondary types of degradation addressed: Cn: fertility decline and reduced organic matter content, Ha: aridification

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 防止土地退化
• 减少土地退化

注释:

Main goals: prevention of land degradation

Secondary goals: mitigation / reduction of land degradation

4.2 技术规范/技术图纸说明

Technical knowledge required for field staff / advisors: moderate

Technical knowledge required for land users: high

Main technical functions: reduction of slope length, increase / maintain water stored in soil, water harvesting / increase water supply, sediment retention / trapping, sediment harvesting

Secondary technical functions: increase of infiltration, improvement of soil structure, increase in soil fertility

Bund/ bank: level
Vertical interval between structures (m): 1-1.5
Spacing between structures (m): 10
Height of bunds/banks/others (m): 0.75
Width of bunds/banks/others (m): 1.5
Length of bunds/banks/others (m): 50m

Construction material (earth): Excavated soil from collection ditch

Construction material (stone): Suitable shape & size of stones collected from the farm.

Slope (which determines the spacing indicated above): 15%

If the original slope has changed as a result of the Technology, the slope today is: 12%

4.3 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

其它/国家货币（具体说明）:

Birr

注明美元与当地货币的汇率(如相关):1美元=:

8.6

4.4 技术建立活动

	活动	措施类型	时间
1.	Digging of collection ditch (trench)	结构性的	dry season
2.	Surveying	结构性的	dry season
3.	Surveying	结构性的	After stanest
4.	Stablization of bunds with stone	结构性的	dry season
5.	Construction of soil embankment	结构性的	dry season

4.5 技术建立所需要的费用和投入

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Labour	ha	1.0	125.0	125.0	100.0
劳动力	Weeding & cultivation land pre	ha	1.0	24.8	24.8
设备	Tools	ha	1.0	3.3	3.3
植物材料	Seeds	ha	1.0	3.3	3.3
肥料和杀菌剂	Fertilizer	ha	1.0	33.3	33.3
技术建立所需总成本					189.7

注释:

Duration of establishment phase: 60 month(s)

4.6 维护/经常性活动

	活动	措施类型	时间/频率
1.	Rearange the (collaps) fallen stones	结构性的	At the end of rains season/At the end of rains season/Each croping season
2.	Regilling of collapsed embankment	结构性的	At the end of rain/ " " "
3.	Distilled the collection ditch	结构性的	At the begin of rain season/ " "

4.7 维护/经常性活动所需要的费用和投入（每年）

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Weeding & cultivation land pre	ha	1.0	24.8	24.8
设备	Tools	ha	1.0	3.3	3.3	71.0
植物材料	Seeds	ha	1.0	3.3	3.3
肥料和杀菌剂	Fertilizer	ha	1.0	33.3	33.3
技术维护所需总成本					64.7

注释:

An average length = 1000m, Width of stone 20cm, width of eather 80 cm

4.8 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

Availability of local materials, the steepyness of site, soil type.

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

5.3 土壤

如有可能，附上完整的土壤描述或具体说明可用的信息，例如土壤类型、土壤酸碱度、阳离子交换能力、氮、盐度等。:

Soil fertility is low-medium
Soil drainage/infiltration is good-medium
Soil water storage capacity is low-medium

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

说明土地使用者的其他有关特征:

Annual population growth: 3% - 4%

and own 25% of the land.
and own 55% of the land.
and own 15% of the land.

Off-farm income specification: No. marked differences between them
Level of mechanization: Animal traction (very exuastive power) and manual labour

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

土地所有权:

• 州
• 个人，未命名

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

生产

收入和成本

社会文化影响

生态影响

土壤

其它生态影响

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

6.5 技术采用

注释:

Comments on acceptance with external material support: estimates

Comments on spontaneous adoption: estimates

There is no trend towards spontaneous adoption of the Technology

Comments on adoption trend: The poor economy makes them not to adapt spontanously

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

土地使用者眼中的长处/优势/机会
Increase yield (production) How can they be sustained / enhanced? Continously apply as technology desgined.
Control of run off How can they be sustained / enhanced? Protect it from damage
Sediment harvesting How can they be sustained / enhanced? Maintain it freguently
Moisture (water) harvesting How can they be sustained / enhanced? Awareness creastion (capacity building of community)
Keeps soil from washing away How can they be sustained / enhanced? Look after it after accompalishiment of activity.

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
Reduction of slope length How can they be sustained / enhanced? Serious follow up & maintenance
Control of dispersed run off How can they be sustained / enhanced? Reduce cattle interference (keep from interference
Increase moisture content of soil How can they be sustained / enhanced? Integerate it with other biological measures (agronomic & vegetative)
Reduce run off velocity How can they be sustained / enhanced? Increase (build) the knowledge & skills of land users. Strengthen institution.
Reduce off farm site flooding How can they be sustained / enhanced? Follow up after the life span of project (activity)

6.8 技术的弱点/缺点/风险及其克服方法

土地使用者认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
It takes pieces of land	Minimize the width
Easily damaged by cattle interference	Must be re-established & freguently maintained, use good shape of stones,
High labour intensive takes (consume) time & energy	By paying good incentives.
The ** ridges makes gully	Alternate it when make the structure
Difficult to do to women	Create (invent) eas** condition for women

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
Easly collapsed by cattle interference	Protect from damage keep its quality & technical standards when it is used.
High labour intensive & needs incentive support	Allocate inputs (Incentives) for its.
Needs technical assistance (application) Need very good design & continous suppervision	Capacity building of community & workers.
Reguers serious follow up & maintenance	Continous follow up after establishment & maintence
Takes long time to stablize	Integerate with other technology, ensure continous technological suport measures.